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Biomedical subjects

M Eibl

Publications and source records attributed to M Eibl.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Determination of placental ferritin (PLF)-positive lymphocytes in women in early stages of breast cancer.

Previous studies have proved that a certain acidic isoform of ferritin is specifically synthesized by the placenta and breast-cancer tissue. In this context it has been further reported that the determination of this so-called placental isoferritin (PLF) on the surface of a subset of peripheral lymphocytes is highly specific and sensitive for early stage breast cancer. By use of the monoclonal antibody CM-H-9 and flow cytometry, the levels of placental ferritin (PLF)-positive cells were determined in 133 female patients undergoing surgical excision of a controversial or highly suspicious lesion of the breast detected by mammography. In addition, 61 healthy blood donors served as controls. Values of PLF-positive cells in breast cancer patients differed significantly from those found in women with benign diseases and healthy controls (3.87% vs. 1.55% and 2.02, respectively; p less than 0.00001). Analysis of prognostic factors in breast cancer patients (tumor size, lymph-node status, menopausal status, estrogen receptor status, histologic grading and grading subfactors) revealed significantly higher levels of PLF-positive cells in lymph-node-negative patients compared with node-positive patients (p less than 0.00001). Furthermore, levels of PLF-positive cells showed a significantly negative correlation with tumor size and nuclear polymorphism. In 15 patients who underwent a guide-wire-directed surgical biopsy for a non-palpable, mammographically suspect lesion, 4 cases of cancer correlated with high values of PLF-positive lymphocytes while only 1 patient with a benign histologic result exhibited more than 4% positive cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Immunoglobulin prophylaxis during intensive treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children.

60 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were sequentially randomized at the time of diagnosis: Immunoglobulin (Endobulin, Immuno) was administered intravenously to 30 patients at a dose 100 mg/kg/week during the first 3 months, followed by 2 x 200 mg/kg/month immunoglobulin during the 4., 5., 6. months. No immunoglobulin was administered to the control patients. We studied the effect of immunoglobulin prophylaxis on the number of days with fever, number of cases with bacteriologically proved infections, length and frequency of antibiotic therapy. Our data confirm the efficacy of immunoglobulin prophylaxis during the intensive phase of leukemia therapy in children.

Child↗
PubMed1992

[Extensive arterial anomaly in the spinal canal (Th5-S5) in a 3-year-old boy].

A case of an extensive arterial anomaly in the vertebral canal (Th5-S5) in a boy aged 3 years is described. Sudden onset of the disease with massive subarachnoid haemorrhage, loss of consciousness and signs of raised intracranial pressure suggested rather a lesion in the cranial cavity. The final diagnosis was made after myelography and spinal arteriography. In view of the extent of the lesion its radical removal was not possible. Embolization was done twice of the greatest vessels feeding the anomaly followed by decompression laminectomy. The patient is without neurological defects and pains. The case is reported in view of its rarity and atypical character of the lesion as well as its extent.

Angiography↗
PubMed1992

[Growth hormone therapy in STH deficiency with immunologic deficiency and chromosome fragility].

A 8 year old boy with short stature, low height velocity, mental retardation, cutaneous abnormalities, common variable immunodeficiency and increased chromosomal instability is described. In this patient growth hormone deficiency could be demonstrated by several stimulation tests. Growth hormone treatment increased growth rate from 4 cm/year before therapy to 7.8 cm in the first and 7.1 cm in the second year of treatment. Under therapy no effect on the immunological reactivity could be observed.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗
PubMed1991

An HLA-DR alpha promoter DNA-binding protein is expressed ubiquitously and maps to human chromosomes 22 and 5.

The class II major histocompatibility complex antigens are a family of integral membrane proteins whose expression is tissue-specific and developmentally regulated. Three consensus sequences, X1, X2, and Y, separated by an interspace element, is found upstream from all class II genes. Deletion of each of these sequences eliminates expression of class II genes in vitro or in transgenic mice. Here we further characterize the expression of a cDNA encoding a DNA binding protein (human X-box binding protein, hXBP-1) which, like the proteins in whole nuclear extract, recognizes both the X2 promoter element of the human DR alpha and DP beta and mouse A alpha genes. The hXBP-1 cDNA hybridizes to human RNA species of approximately 2.2 kilobases (kb) and 1.6 kb, which are expressed in class II negative as well as class II positive cells. hXBP-1 transcripts are present in several class II deficient mutant B cell lines, although in one such line, 6.1.6, levels were somewhat reduced. Chromosome mapping studies demonstrate that hXBP-1 arises from a small gene family, two of whose members map to human chromosomes 5 and 22. Taken together, these data suggest a high degree of complexity in the transcriptional control of the class II gene family.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1991

[The Austrian vaccination plan].

In March 1991 the Supreme Board of Health issued new recommendations for immunization of children which are basically similar to those issued in 1989, but were partially reformulated. Again, BCG vaccination is not generally recommended and should be given only to individuals at high risk of contracting the disease. It is therefore not listed any more in the general recommendations (A) but only mentioned under special vaccinations (B). Special indications for BCG vaccination were clearly reformulated. Vaccinations against diphtheria-tetanus or pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus are recommended as usual, an oral pertussis vaccine is presently not available and an acellular pertussis vaccine is under study. Booster vaccinations at school entry will be performed with a low dose of diphtheria-toxoid to avoid local side reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Large-scale production and purification of a vaccinia recombinant-derived HIV-1 gp160 and analysis of its immunogenicity.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope gene was expressed in large-scale microcarrier cultures of Vero cells using a system involving coinfection with two recombinant vaccinia viruses. One recombinant contained the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase gene under control of a vaccinia virus promoter. The second contained the HIV-1 gp160 gene flanked by T7 promoter and termination sequences. The protein was expressed on the surface of infected cells, and it was shown to have a molecular weight of 160 kD and to react with gp41 and gp120 specific monoclonal antibodies. After purification by successive affinity and ion-exchange chromatography, the protein was demonstrated to be present in a particulate form with a diameter in the range of 15-30 nm. When injected into goats a high-titer gp160 specific antibody response was elicited and group-specific neutralizing activity could be demonstrated in vitro. The immunogenicity of the protein was also studied in conjunction with a number of adjuvant formulations, and the highest potency in mice was obtained using a preparation with 0.2% Al(OH)3 and 0.25% deoxycholate.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

[Clinico-immunologic aspects of IgG subclass deficiency].

Serum IgG contains 4 subclasses, IgG1 (60-66%), IgG2 (20-30%), IgG3 (less than or equal to 5%) and IgG4. Individual subclasses vary with respect to their physicochemical and biological properties. IgG subclass concentrations in serum are age dependent. IgG1 and IgG3 reach near to adult levels around the age of 3, IgG2 and IgG4 after the age of 6. Antibodies of certain specificities generally belong to a certain isotype (subclass) due to the isotype restriction. Patients with subclass deficiencies often suffer from recurrent infections. Those with IgG2 deficiency coften occurring with IgA and IgG4 deficiency) develop recurrent infection of the upper and lower respiratory tract often caused by pyogenic microorganisms (Haemophilus, Pneumo-(occus). Since early initiation of IVIG substitution therapy has a beneficial effect on long term prognosis the importance of early diagnosis is apparent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Parameters of cellular and humoral immunity in patients with severe acne].

Severe forms of acne, characterized by predominance of inflammatory reactions and persistence of the disease for years, still present therapeutic problems. The purpose of our study was to investigate the role of the immune system in severe persisting forms of acne by means of determination of cellular and humoral immunobiological parameters. The study was performed on 52 patients (47 males and 5 females) having suffered from severe acne for six years on an average, including papulopustular acne grade IV resistant to therapy, nodulocystic acne, conglobate acne, and acne tetrade. The results were compared with those of 52 healthy controls of the same age showing no inflammatory diseases, who were tested on the same day. In 56% of the acne patients, one or more parameters showed pathological values, while in nodulocystic and conglobate acne there were similar results with regard to cellular defects and acute phase reactants. The lymphocytic proliferation induced by mitogens was significantly decreased in 35% of the acne patients. We assume that the immunodeficiency observed in these patients may be mainly secondary; however, it may contribute to the perpetuance of the disease and its resistance to therapy.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1985

Immunological consequences of splenectomy.

A series of reports have dealt with the occurrence of overwhelming infections in splenectomized patients. Being the largest individual organ of the phagocytic apparatus, the spleen is responsible for the phagocytosis of insufficiently opsonized particles. These are taken up by macrophages, processed, and expressed, together with determinants of the HLA system, on the membrane of the macrophage. T cells recognize these structures and proliferate in response, thus inducing a series of immunoregulatory mechanisms. The anatomic design of the spleen allows for close contact between macrophages and T cells. Thus, splenectomy represents a major intervention into the immunologic system. Splenectomized patients have been shown to have low concentrations of IgM, decreased production of antibodies directed against pneumococci and Escherichia coli, and several defects in cellular immune function, including decreased numbers of T cells and a reduction in lymphocyte proliferative responses. Thus, the removal of the spleen affects certain immunological reactions, which are reflected by a number of clinical findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[DiGeorge syndrome--significance of early diagnosis in cellular immunodeficiency].

Di George syndrome is caused by anomalous development of the organs arising from the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches and results in congenital aplasia of the thymus, aplasia or hypoplasia of the parathyroid glands and cardiovascular malformations. Clinically, affected children show hypoparathyroidism and, because of depressed cell-mediated immunity, serious bacterial, viral and fungal infections. We present an infant, aged 6 weeks, with convulsions due to hypocalcemia, in which cell-mediated immunodeficiency was detected. Additionally diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities in DiGeorge syndrome are shown.

Calcium↗
PubMed1982

Functional activity of peripheral mononuclear cells in cystic fibrosis: antibodies and plaque formation.

Chronic pulmonary infection is known to constitute a major complication of cystic fibrosis (CF). In order to determine whether a defect of antibody formation is associated with this clinical finding, we have investigated antibody production on the cellular level by using a haemolytic plaque forming cell (PFC) assay. The ability of peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC) derived from patients with CF to form PFC upon stimulation by pokeweed mitogen was significantly decreased as compared to healthy control individuals (P less than 0 . 01). Levels of serum immunoglobulins of the G, A, and M classes and of sheep red blood cell agglutinating antibodies were estimated as well, but no correlation was obtained between these parameters and the number of PFC in patients with CF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Macrophage-lymphocyte interaction in response to a bacterial antigen (E. coli).

The interactions of human lymphocytes with autologous macrophages in response to a clinically relevant particulate bacterial antigen (E coli) have been investigated. Macrophages were required as accessory cells for the E coli induced activation of both T and B lymphocytes. Lymphocyte activation was assayed by determining the degree of proliferation (measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation). The proliferative response was dependent on the number of macrophages and on the amount of antigen in the culture. Macrophages briefly exposed to E. coli acquired the ability to stimulate unfractionated lymphocytes, T and B cells in the absence of free antigen. The in vitro kinetics of this reaction has been determined and analysed with respect to polyclonal B cell response and the antigen specific T cell response.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1982

[Sensible immunologic diagnosis and therapy in children with recurrent infections].

This retrospective study of immunological findings in 108 children with various infections shows that the majority of patients were younger than 6 years of age. In the main, the study resulted in the following immunological findings. In children with recurrent infections of the lower respiratory tract, there was the notable selective IgA deficiency, much more common than in the rest of the population. Children with otitis and pyogenic infections of the skin, which are mainly bacterial infections, had in particular a low number of anti-bacterial antibodies and were lacking in opsonins. This missing opsonization was significantly higher (p greater than 0,05) in children with recurrent otitis than in the other patients. Anti-bacterial antibodies and osponization of bacteria are only present in effective numbers from the age of about 3 in 90% of healthy children. Patients over 3 with various recurring infections had, in comparison to healthy children, significantly higher numbers a reduced ability to opsonize (p less than 0,00001) or a lack of antibodies (p less than 0,05). These deficiencies occurred separately. Children with infections of the upper respiratory tract or polytope infections had no characteristic deficiencies. In children with a recurring tendency to infection, there are 3 important factors to consider for a meaningful diagnosis and therapy: age, type of illness and the epidemiological situation of the child. If these factors are taken into consideration, the decision as to whether, when and what kind of an immunological test should be carried, is facilitated. The therapy is then also more effective and more selective.

Adolescent↗