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Biomedical subjects

M Elke

Publications and source records attributed to M Elke.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

One century of diagnostic imaging in medicine.

The historical outline shows the development of radiologic diagnostics from the early Roentgen days up to this centenary. The roots of radiologic diagnostics go back to the European Renaissance. It is a history of medical pattern recognition and functional analysis by several methods including X-rays, ultrasound waves or strong magnetic fields. The difference between conventional radiographs and a picture reconstructed after digitalization, with several possibilities of postprocessing, is explained. Research and further technical revolutions, like the development of semiconductor elements and computers or tailored contrast media, sophisticated pictorial representations and perceptions, are among the cornerstones of imaging diagnostics. During this century many diseases have changed their manifestation and spread. This is illustrated by tuberculosis and cancer and highlights the growing importance of imaging diagnostics and interventional radiology. The thorny path to independence of radiology is also a history of the medical establishment's resistance.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1989

[Is bacterial osteomyelitis of the spine spondylitis or spondylodiscitis?].

This is a retrospective study of 43 patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis. Results obtained with several diagnostic methods, including myelography and CT are described and the usefulness of the different methods is assessed. The frequency of occurrence of the pathogenic bacteria, the focal localization, and the interval between early symptoms and diagnosis are determined. Involvement of intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebrae indicates the development of spondylodiscitis. There are several reasons to characterize the vertebral osteomyelitis as spondylodiscitis too.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1986

[Changes in diagnostic imaging of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in recent years].

The following examinations have been carried out with various methods of diagnostic imaging: 148 CT, 69 US, 56 Ly. Data on the rate of accuracy of the various methods of examination in the individual abdominal regions. CT examinations rose from 1980 to 1985 from 83 percent to 100 percent. US examinations ranged between 50 to 25%. Lymphographies dropped from 54% to 0%. Owing to the early dissemination pattern of the NHL with frequent primary extranodal involvement, lymphography is no longer indicated. In the abdominal region including the pelvis, CT is superior to US accuracy also with those abdominal findings that have been histologically verified. CT cuts show a better reproducibility and more accurate basis for therapeutic controls. The problem of the mere characteristic of the "size of the lymph node" with non-invasive diagnostic imaging will be discussed. The costs of the various methods of examination are compared with each other. The strategy of examination has changed.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1985

[Efficiency of radiodiagnosis of acoustic neurinomas. Changes in the clarification procedure within the last 10 years].

In a retrospective study we tried to define the diagnostic value of different x-ray studies in 43 histologically proved acoustic neuromas. We divided the examinations into such which definitely confirmed a clinical suspicion i.e. formed the last preoperative studies, and into others, which only increased the clinical suspicion. We were especially interested, whether or not Stenvers and transorbital projections of the petrous bones and internal acoustic canals and petrous bone tomographies were essentially confirming clinical diagnosis. Whereas 13 out of 37 Stenvers, 2 out of 5 transorbital projections and 14 out of 18 frontal tomographies increased the suspicion of an existing Neuroma, a true diagnostic confirmation was never possible with these 3 techniques. Vice versa out of 45 computertomographies 33 were confirming the clinical diagnosis and 1 increased the clinical suspicion, with 5 false negatives and 6 nonconclusive studies. CT and Air-CT-Cisternography represent today the definitive diagnostic studies. For economical reasons they should be employed early in the diagnostic course, in those cases with high clinical suspicion or when clinical symptoms suggesting AN persist.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Evaluation of bone lesions in malignant lymphomas].

Skeletal involvement of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is found in 11-16%, in Hodgkin's disease in 7.6-34%. Primary lymphoma of bone has an incidence of 1-50% among all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The occurrence of skeletal lesions is higher in infants and children than in adults. Skeletal lesions caused by Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are mostly seen in the axial skeleton including the skull, whereas the primary lymphoma of bone seems to prefer a more peripheral site. The aggressiveness of the tumor growth can be measured by the method of Lodwick, by judging the edge characteristic, the penetration of the cortex, the periostal and sclerotic reaction. 3 examples illustrate this method. Conventional radiographs need only be performed when there is reason to believe a lesion is located in an area of structural importance, such as the neck of the femur, and in cases of skeletal pain of unknown origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of x-ray contrast media on the vena cava endothelium of rats].

A study comparing the effects of diatrizoate, ioxitalamate, metrizamide, ioxaglate, iopamidol and a hyperosmotic sorbitol and sodium chloride solution on the endothelium of the vena cava of the rat was performed. In each case 1 ml. of the respective solution was injected intravenously. Endothelial damage was seen after injection of metrizamide, diatrizoate and ioxitalamate. After injection of ioxaglate only minor endothelial changes were observed, whereas after administration of both hyperosmotic solution no endothelial damage could be observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Radiologic-pathologic correlations in tumors and tumor-like lesions of the hand (author's transl)].

Since 1972, 267 tumors or tumor-like lesions of the hand in 257 patients were examined at the bone tumor registry by the Swiss Society of Pathology in Basel, Switzerland. This is 9% of a total of 2,800 bone tumors submitted. An analysis revealed 254 benign tumors or tumor-like lesions and 13 malignant tumors, among them 2 metastases of tumors of unknown origin. As expected, enchondromas (n=81) and pigmented villo-nodular synovitis of the tendon sheath (n=104) were the most frequent tumors. All other tumors or tumor-like lesions appeared only as solitary cases or in small numbers. The radiologic characteristics of some of the lesions are reviewed and their histology is presented. Furthermore, some important points of differential diagnosis are discussed.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1979

[Radiological reporting systems. The viewpoint of the central radiodiagnostic department in an university hospital (author's transl)].

The use of automatic Roentgen diagnostic reporting systems is limited. Therefore, the capabilities of these systems should be expanded, and should include an integral patient identification as well as relevant data regarding the clinical patient information. By this way, appropriate data considering payments and statistics can be collected. In addition, there is selective access to the data from previous investigations. Thus, the evaluation of the entire information about a patient, including a verification of previous diagnosis is possible. Based on the radiology reporting system of Wheeler (Sirep, Siemens Ltd.) and of Vadraux-Vernier (Sacre, CGR, Ltd.), an additional set of input and output parameter is described as well as their use in a system comprising a small central processor and large external storage unit.

Computers↗