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M Endresen

Publications and source records attributed to M Endresen.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Large intravenous bilirubin loads increase the cytotoxicity of bile and lower the resistance of the canalicular membrane to cytotoxic injury and cause cholestasis in pigs.

BACKGROUND: Large intravenous bilirubin loads cause loss of hepatic canalicular membrane microvilli and cholestasis. This study examines whether these untoward effects might be due to canalicular membrane injury from cytotoxic bile. METHODS: The cytotoxicity of bile was assayed against pig erythrocytes before and throughout 4.5-h intravenous infusion of 170 microg kg(-1) body weight of bilirubin in anaesthetized pigs. The capacity to generate canalicular bile flow was tested before and after bilirubin infusion by means of short-term intraportal cholic acid infusion. RESULTS: Bilirubin infusion increased the cytotoxicity of hepatic bile, reduced biliary phospholipid secretion by 90%, and caused cholestasis. Cholic acid infusion before bilirubin also increased the cytotoxicity of bile but increased bile flow and doubled biliary phospholipid output. CONCLUSION: Large intravenous bilirubin infusions increase the cytotoxicity of bile, suppress biliary phospholipid secretion, and render hepatic canalicular membrane microvilli susceptible to injury from cytotoxic bile so that cholestasis occurs.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Oxidative stress and antioxidants].

Oxidative stress is a metabolic state where the cellular oxidative reactions are out of control. Under such conditions superoxide (O2.-) may accumulate, leading to formation of the hydroxyl radical, OH.. This is a free radical that abstracts hydrogen from the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acid will then become a free radical which reacts easily with oxygen to form a peroxyradical. This will in turn abstract hydrogen from another fatty acid, establishing a perpetuating oxidative chain reaction. This may lead to peroxidation of cellular functions. DNA, proteins and carbohydrates may be oxidized too. There is good evidence that oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of cancer, atherosclerosis, ischemic tissue damage and inflammatory diseases. Possibly antioxidants can be used to limit oxidative stress. Recent reports indicate that high intake of vitamin E is associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1992

[HELLP syndrome--4 case reports].

HELLP-syndrome (H - haemolysis, EL - elevated liver enzymes, LP - low platelet count) is a serious complication of pregnancy. It can be considered as a variant of severe preeclampsia, where haemolysis, hepatic damage (elevated liver enzymes) and thrombocytopenia (low platelets) are all present. Four case reports of HELLP-syndrome are described. HELLP-syndrome may develop within a few hours. It can be seen pre-, intra- and postpartum. Many patients do not exhibit a clinical picture of severe preeclampsia. Patients who develop HELLP-syndrome usually complain of malaise, nausea, epigastric pain and headache. The diagnosis is confirmed when haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia are demonstrated. Patients with HELLP-syndrome require intensive care by a team of obstetricians, anaesthesiologists and haematologists.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The vascular endothelium--a multifunctional organ].

The authors summarize the role of the vascular endothelium in hemostasis, thrombosis, vasomotor regulation, inflammation and angiogenesis. Quiescent endothelium is antithrombogenic, whereas perturbed endothelial cells become thrombogenic. The endothelium produces both vasodilating substances like endothelial derived relaxing factor and prostacyclin and vasoconstrictive compounds such as the endothelins. The presence of leucocyte adhesion molecules on the endothelial surface allows specific interactions with circulating leucocytes. Surface expression of HLA-antigens class I and II further underscores the importance of the endothelial cells in the inflammatory process. In the recent years it has become evident that the endothelial cells play a major role in the pathogenesis of diseases such as atherosclerosis, preeclampsia, hemolytic uremic syndrome and certain vasculitides.

Arteriosclerosis↗