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M Entezami

Publications and source records attributed to M Entezami.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Early diagnosis of conjoined twins by real-time three-dimensional ultrasound--case report and review of the literature.

In 1:50 000 to 1:100 000 births, conjoined twins occur, caused by incomplete division of the embryonic disc more than 13 days after fertilisation. We present a case of cephalothoracopagus janiceps, a very rare form of conjoined twins, which was diagnosed at 13 weeks of gestation. Three-dimensional and colour Doppler ultrasound enabled precise prenatal visualisation of the fusion of the foetal head and chest up to the umbilicus. We could demonstrate the presence of two foetal hearts connected by an arterio-arterial shunt as well as two pairs of upper and lower extremities. After the clear 3-D presentation of the anomaly, making the poor prognosis visible, the mother decided to have the pregnancy terminated. Autopsy confirmed the prenatal diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Epignathus: always a simple teratoma? Report of an exceptional case with two additional fetiforme bodies.

We report on a case of a fetal epignathus combined with two fetus-like structures resembling acardius acranius. The anomaly was detected at 23 weeks of gestation and led to termination of pregnancy at 24 weeks. This is the first description of epignathus with parasitic fetuses detected prenatally. It shows that the boundary between fetal teratoma and multiple pregnancy in special cases may be difficult to define.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2002

Autosomal recessive type of Adams-Oliver syndrome: prenatal diagnosis.

We report on three pregnancies complicated by Adams-Oliver syndrome in a consanguineous Turkish couple. Two cases were correctly diagnosed prenatally at 22+3 and 13+0 weeks gestation following the first case of Adams-Oliver syndrome in which severe anomalies of the extremities were observed at 26+5 weeks' gestation. In this first case, the diagnosis of Adams-Oliver syndrome was made following termination of pregnancy at 27+2 weeks' gestation. In all three cases, autopsy was performed. All fetuses showed anomalies of the extremities, aplasia cutis and symmetric defects of the skull, with bone being replaced by collagenous tissue. Although there have been numerous cases of the postnatal diagnosis of Adams-Oliver syndrome following termination of pregnancy, this is the first description of the prenatal diagnosis of this disorder.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2001

Mesomelic campomelia, polydactyly and Dandy-Walker cyst in siblings.

The present report describes two fetuses, one female and one male, with thus far undescribed skeletal malformations. The mother was a gravida 2, para 0. Both pregnancies were terminated in the second trimester because of multiple congenital anomalies diagnosed ultrasonographically resembling a short rib-polydactyly syndrome. Both fetuses were found to have postaxial hexadactyly of the hands and feet, marked bilateral campomelia of the forearm and shank bones, and a Dandy-Walker cyst. In addition, the fourth ventricle was dilated in the first sibling and the second sibling had an inverse intestinal malrotation. A literature search failed to reveal similar observations.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2001

Prenatal diagnosis of familial absent pulmonary valve syndrome: case report and review of the literature.

We report on a case of absent pulmonary valve syndrome in a woman with a history of one healthy child and one child with tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve. The diagnosis was missed at the first ultrasound examination performed at 13 + 5 weeks of gestation and correctly diagnosed at 21 + 5 weeks. Re-evaluation of the ultrasound examination recorded at 13 + 5 weeks exhibited severe insufficiency of the pulmonary valve at this time. However, neither dilatation of the right and left pulmonary arteries nor asymmetry of the ventricles were present at that time. The pregnancy was terminated at 22 + 1 weeks of gestation when autopsy confirmed the diagnosis of absent pulmonary valve syndrome. Karyotyping of the fetus after termination of pregnancy revealed normal chromosomes. Echocardiography of the parents and the healthy sibling revealed normal results.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The relevance of placental location at 20-23 gestational weeks for prediction of placenta previa at delivery: evaluation of 8650 cases.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between placental position at 20-23 weeks and incidence of birth complications caused by placental position. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In an ongoing prospective study, placental position was determined by transabdominal sonography as part of anomaly scanning at 20-23 gestational weeks, followed by transvaginal sonography in uncertain or suspicious situations. Examination was performed in 9532 cases; feedback was obtained from 8650 patients (90.7%). RESULTS: Transabdominal sonography was followed by transvaginal scan in 363 of 8650 cases (4.2%). In 8551 cases (98.9%), we found normal placental position, with the placenta not reaching the internal os and a Cesarean section rate of 17.1% (1458/8551). The incidence of 'low placental position', with the placenta reaching the internal os was 0.66% (57/8650), with a Cesarean section rate of 21% (12/57). In 0.49% (42/8650) of cases, the placenta overlapped the internal os at 20-23 weeks; Cesarean section because of placenta previa or bleeding was performed in 28 of 8650 cases (0.32%). Vaginal delivery was possible in 43% of cases (13/30), when the overlap did not exceed 25 mm. If the overlap exceeded 25 mm (12 cases), no vaginal delivery was reported. There was no reported case of placenta previa missed at the 20-23-week scan. CONCLUSION: At 20-23 weeks, a combination of routine transabdominal and indication-based transvaginal location of placental position is a powerful tool in predicting placenta previa at delivery. The advantage of determining placental position at this stage of pregnancy is a low false-positive rate compared to at earlier stages of pregnancy. We conclude that an overlapping placenta at 20-23 weeks has the consequence of a high probability of placenta previa at delivery. An overlap of 25 mm or more at 20-23 weeks seems to be incompatible with later vaginal delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Clinical variability of Larsen syndrome: diagnosis in a father after sonographic detection of a severely affected fetus.

Larsen syndrome shows a broad spectrum of clinical manifestation ranging from a lethal form of the disorder to a mild clinical expression with absence of major diagnostic features. Here we show that even intrafamilial manifestation may vary extremely to the point that Larsen syndrome in a father has been diagnosed only by typical sonographic features in an affected fetus.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Sonographic markers of exencephaly at 9 + 3 weeks of gestation.

Following the introduction of transvaginal sonography, several first trimester diagnoses of the exencephaly anencephaly sequence have been reported, with the earliest being described at 10 weeks of gestation. We report a case with a high index of suspicion for exencephaly at 9 weeks and 3 days because of three sonographic features: the cranial pole of the embryo was smaller than the chest, the cranial pole bulged dorsally and the surface of the cranium was irregular. The diagnosis was confirmed by a repeat ultrasound examination at 11 + 4 weeks and by autopsy after termination of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Acute onset of blindness during labor: report of a case of transient cortical blindness in association with HELLP syndrome.

The coincidence of HELLP syndrome and cortical blindness is an uncommon but very dramatic event, for the patient as well as the obstetrician. This report describes the first case of HELLP-syndrome-associated cortical blindness occuring suddenly in the third stage of labour. There were only modest correlates of cortical blindness in cerebral CT, MRI and angiography findings, but no signs of a posterior leucoencephalopathy syndrome. Mother and baby were discharged from hospital to outpatient care in good health on the 12th day.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Hepatocellular carcinoma as a rare cause of excessive rise in alpha-fetoprotein in pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: Elevation of alphafetoprotein in pregnancy warrants a thorough diagnostic workup. In most cases, no pathologic result in the fetus will be obtained. CASE REPORT: A case report is presented on a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during pregnancy, in which a massive increase of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was found during a routine screening for neural tube defects in the 17th week of gestation. The amniocentesis revealed a normal AFP value in the amniotic fluid. Liver sonography in the 21st week of gestation showed a 5 cm tumor, which was interpreted as nodular focal hyperplasia. In the control sonography in the 32nd week of gestation, there was a growth to 12 cm. The subsequently performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fine needle aspiration led to the diagnosis of a HCC. Delivery was performed in the 34th week of gestation by cesarean section followed by surgical therapy of the HCC. CONCLUSIONS: Unexplained cases of alphafetoproteinelevation in pregnancy can be caused by maternal disease and should prompt a directed amnamnestic and diagnostic search for maternal causes. Nuclear magnetic resonance beyond the first trimester of gestation can help to clarify the diagnosis in liver tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Nuchal cord.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1998

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung and fetal hydrops--a case with favourable outcome.

We present a case of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung (CCAM) diagnosed at 23 weeks of gestation with concomitant fetal hydrops. The sonographical picture of CCAM disappeared in the third trimester of pregnancy and fetal hydrops resolved under medication with digitalis to the mother. The neonate showed mild dyspnea; the prenatal diagnosis of CCAM was confirmed by chest X-ray and computed tomography. The affected lung segments were dissected at 5 days of age. The diagnosis of CCAM type III was confirmed histologically.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Stage I primary malignant mixed müllerian tumor of the fallopian tube. Report of a case with five-year survival after minimal surgery without adjuvant treatment.

BACKGROUND: Sarcomas of the fallopian tube are rarities in gynecologic oncology, consisting of < 1% of all genital sarcomas. CASE: A 70-year-old woman with a stage I malignant mixed müllerian tumor (MMMT) (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics classification of fallopian tube carcinomas) did not undergo radical surgery or adjuvant treatment because of the patient's refusal of them. The patient underwent only abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. She was discharged feeling well and without abnormal clinical findings. Sixty months after primary surgery there were no signs of recurrence. CONCLUSION: This case suggests the possibility of a good prognosis in early-stage MMMT, especially if there is no deep infiltration of the fallopian tube muscle layer or lymphatic permeation and if the peritoneal cytology is negative. The important feature of this report is the five year disease-free survival after nonradical surgery for prognostically favorable MMMT.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Diagnostic dilemma with elevated level of alpha-fetoprotein in an undiagnosed twin pregnancy with a small discordant holoacardius acephalus.

We report a case of a patient who had highly elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein when she was first examined and a positive acetylcholinesterase test result in amniotic fluid. Despite repeated ultrasonographic screening, pathologic findings were not detected and the holoacardius acephalus twin was not identified. After termination of pregnancy the histopathologic findings demonstrated a twin pregnancy with a holoacardius acephalus.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1997

Short-term treatment with levonorgestrel does not antagonize the ethinyl estradiol-induced increase of uterine blood flow in postmenopausal women.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a short-term ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel medication on blood flow in the uterine arteries in postmenopausal women in a prospective placebo-controlled double-blind study. Twenty-one healthy postmenopausal woman at least 2 years after menopause received 60 micrograms ethinyl estradiol (EE) for 14 days followed by 40 micrograms EE plus 125 micrograms levonorgestrel (LNG) for 12 days (total treatment period 26 days). Sonographically, uterine volume, endometrial thickness, and blood flow in the uterine arteries [as reflected by pulsatility (PI) and resistance indices (RI)] were measured. Uterine size increased from 44 to 80 mL (day 14, p < 0.001) and 87 mL (day 26, p = NS). Endometrium grew from 3 to 8 mm (day 14, p < 0.001) and 11 mm (day 26, p = NS). Uterine arterial PI fell from 2.76 to 1.37 (day 14, p < 0.001) and 1.34 (day 26, p = NS), whereas RI fell from 0.9 to 0.68 (day 14 and day 26, p < 0.001). In conclusion, short-term treatment with LNG does not antagonize the vascular effect of EE on the uterine arteries as reflected by PI and RI. This result might have clinical significance in the selection of the progestin used in hormonal replacement therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Notch in the umbilical artery Doppler profile in umbilical cord compression in a twin].

Monoamniotic twins have a mortality rate of up to 50%, mainly due to umbilical cord accidents, e.g. true knots. Because of the rarity of monoamniotic twin gestation, few data are presently available on the optimal management of these gestations. Some authors recommend delivery at 32 weeks of gestation, while others state that the risk of cord accidents declines with advancing gestational age, thus questioning the usefulness of routine delivery at 32 weeks. It is possible nowadays to obtain an impression of the fetal blood supply by Doppler sonography. In our case, Doppler sonographic evaluation showed a notch in the umbilical artery in the twin, who later developed a pathological CTG requiring delivery at 28 weeks of gestation. Both fetuses are liveborn and developed normally. Our case shows that a notch in the umbilical artery could be an indication of umbilical cord compression and that attention should be paid to it in monoamniotic twin gestation.

Adult↗