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Biomedical subjects

M Erdreich

Publications and source records attributed to M Erdreich.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Sectorial automatism: a further development.

This article deals with surprising delinquent behaviour of a limited kind--in time and nature. This delinquent behaviour manifests itself during actual life stress conditions where in the person's past there is evidence of psychotraumatization. The author offers an etiological theory concerning the medicine of behaviour and psychosomatics. The application of this theory to consider delinquency an important branch of behavioural sciences and medicine is concretized, updated and the evolution of the concept towards a sectorial approach becomes the main topic of the present work. A sector of faulty interaction between the individual with a psychotraumatic history and the environment is activated during life stress conditions, and may lead to behavioural or psychosomatic disturbances. Case histories are presented, concretizing the sectorial faulty behaviour following an impaired reality testing and impulse control in a vulnerable field of interaction with the environment. The legal implications are discussed, in the light of an inconsistent mens rea, offering at the same time a judicial psychiatric rehabilitation model. The advantages of this approach, which has been developed during the past seven years, are mentioned. A continuous interprofessional dialogue between judges and psychiatrists has made possible this rather enlightened attitude towards this special kind of delinquent behaviour promoting rehabilitation instead of unnecessary social ostracism or 'social death'.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Psychological aspects of cochlear implantation].

Psychological aspects of cochlear implantation were studied in 20 adults and children. Patients were interviewed before admission and were given tests and questionnaires to answer with regard to overall wellbeing, intellectual functioning, hopes and beliefs, expectations with regard to the implant and the support they were getting (last 2 also for a family member). Those who passed the screening were referred for surgery, and those who didn't were referred for therapy. 6 months after implantation the patient and the family member were again interviewed and answered questionnaires with regard to adjustment to the implant and the patient's satisfaction with it. In those who benefitted from the implant there were no psychopathological features, there was good cognitive functioning, a moderate level of concentration and attention span and a great degree of flexibility in personality traits. Crucial to better adjustment was quality of family support. Following cochlear implantation there was considerable improvement in life style.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Does a detailed explanation prior to gastroscopy reduce the patient's anxiety?

The object of this study was to investigate the assumption that a detailed explanation and description of gastroscopy to a patient reduces his fears of the procedure. In order to check this assumption, 243 consecutive patients who underwent elective gastroscopy were randomly distributed to 4 groups: Group A received a standard brief description of upper G-I endoscopy by the treating physician; Group B patients were given a detailed description by the endoscopist himself; Group C was given a comprehensive explanation and was shown an album of pictures illustrating each stage of the procedure; Group D saw a specially prepared video film of the procedure. A fifth group, E, consisted of patients who had previously undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patient anxiety was measured using the "Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Scales". According to the scoring on these scales there was no significant difference between the groups, thus showing that increasingly detailed description of the procedure did not diminish patients' fear. Neither did ethnic background or age have any significant influence on these results. Higher education had marginal influence on patients' apprehension about the procedure. However, female patients had significantly higher anxiety state and trait anxiety scoring than men. If endoscopy can be taken as typically representative of all invasive procedures, these results may have a much more general application.

Adolescent↗