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Biomedical subjects

M F Pranulis

Publications and source records attributed to M F Pranulis.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

Nurses' roles in protecting human subjects.

This article highlighted several nursing roles and strategies for the protection of human subjects including the importance of socializing new nurses into their role responsibilities and reporting questionable scientific conduct. Although different strategies were suggested in relation to each role, one commonality pervaded--nurses, by virtue of their license and focus of their professional discipline, are keys to the protection of human subjects in research.

Clinical Nursing Research

Strategies for provider reimbursement. Should physician pay exceed that of mid-level practitioners?

It is clear that the bitter disputes over power and control in health care have been dysfunctional. The issue of reimbursement equity for nurse practitioners who provide primary care services is only one of many numerous, complex issues--each of which has many underlying and unresolved elements contributing to the dysfunctionality of the contemporary health care system. What is needed is a united effort and interdisciplinary collaboration to: a) address the maldistribution and excessive costs of health care, b) reevaluate all aspects of healthcare including who carries out what functions at what level of educational preparation and reimbursement, and c) redesign a system that is efficient, effective, and economical. It is imperative that individual nurses and physicians as well as organized medicine and nursing work with each other and with other health care providers, payors, regulators, suppliers, and most especially consumers to restructure health care and redefine roles. Doing so requires divestment of self-interests and a dispassionate focus on the mission and goals of the system. Using a conceptual model facilitates analysis of the literature, specific issues, and their impact on the system. However, resolution of the issues and improving the health care system's functionality requires commitment to the goal regardless of personal cost. This is the challenge confronting all of us.

Economic Competition

Protecting rights of human subjects.

A significant problem exists with the volume of human subjects research that is being carried out by investigators who are not in compliance with the Belmont Report's guidelines for the protection of human subjects. Numerous reasons exist for noncompliance, which may create dilemmas for resolving this issue. However, it is important that health care organizations-regardless of size-take a proactive position in addressing this problem. This article has briefly described the nature, scope, and underlying dilemmas of this issue and has suggested a strategy for resolving the issue at an organizational level. As patient advocates by virtue of their professional licenses, nurses in any role can and must take a lead in protecting human subjects' rights.

Ethics, Nursing

Ethical considerations for quality assurance versus scientific research.

There is increasing evidence to support the contention that the boundaries between QA and scientific clinical research are blurred. This blurring is of particular concern in relation to the protection of human subjects rights (Brett & Grodin, 1991). The article thus concludes that it is essential that proposals for QA programs undergo periodic appraisal by an institutionally responsible, disinterested review panel. It further concludes that it is essential to submit proposals for all prospective QA projects, potentially scientifically meritorious QA projects, and all scientific clinical research projects to an institutional review board (IRB) to render decisions about the protection of human subject's rights before accessing data. Doing so protects the subject's rights, protects the investigator from unwittingly rendering harm rather than good, and enhances the ethical credibility of the projects. It also protects the investigator from embarrassing and potentially litigious situations. It is also incumbent on IRBs to develop efficient, effective, and expeditious review processes that encourage rather than discourage the a priori review process.

Confidentiality

"United we stand"...

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Delivery of Health Care

Identifying nurses vulnerable to role conflict.

To remedy the nursing shortage in the US, hospitals initially focused on expensive recruitment efforts to fill nursing vacancies. Few addressed a core component of the problem: role conflict, which when reduced can be instrumental in hospitals attracting and retaining nurses.

Adult