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Biomedical subjects

M F Trapeznikova

Publications and source records attributed to M F Trapeznikova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Reductase activity of 17beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in prostatic tumors of different histological structure.

Reductase activity of 17beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in biopsy specimens of prostatic cancer and benign hyperplasia, and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and serum concentrations of testosterone, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, 4-androstene-3,17-dione were compared in patients and healthy individuals. Reductase activities of 17beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase in soluble fraction of prostatic biopsy specimens decreased in the following order: prostatic cancer>prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia>>benign prostatic hyperplasia. No differences in serum concentrations of testosterone, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, 4-androstene-3,17-dione between these three groups of patients were found, while the mean serum concentration of these androgens in patients with prostatic tumors did not surpass the threshold normal values for men. Hence, high reductase activity of 17beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase can be associated with pathogenetic mechanisms of human malignant prostatic tumors.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed2005

[Vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia].

The authors examined 25 patients with prostate cancer (PC) and 36 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In the group of patients with morphologically verified PC mean serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was significantly higher than in patients with BPH (p < 0.05). The study demonstrated strong negative association between VEGF and prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels (r = 0.72, p < 0.05) in PC patients. There was no association between VEGF serum level and the stage or malignancy of PC (Gleason score). In benign prostatic glands moderate VEGF expression was observed only in basal cells, whereas in cases of PC all tumor cells displayed active VEGF expression; the difference was significant (p < 0.05). High serum VEGF levels and its active expression in patients with PC suggest an important role of angiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of this disease. The negative association between VEGF and PSA serum levels in PC indirectly confirms antiangiogenic activity of PSA, shown before.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Monitoring of uropathogens and their susceptibility to antibiotics].

Samples of urine collected from patients with complicated urology infection and hospitalized to the Moscow Region Research Clinical Institute in 1986, 1991, 1995 and 1999 were analysed. Of 11,444 samples examined, bacteriuria was estimated in 7143 samples. 9786 strains (29 genus) of bacteria were isolated--56.9 per cent as mono culture and 43.1 per cent as associations. Susceptibility to 21 antibiotic was determined by disk diffusion method for 1607 strains; beta-lactamase production was determined in 198 strains, MIC was determined for 41 antibiotics. Gram-negative rods relative amount among pathogens decreased substantially (84.7 per cent in 1986 against 61.6 per cent in 1999), particularly Enterobacteriaceae (74.7 per cent in 1986 against 41.4 per cent in 1999). Nonfermenting Gram-negative rods (NFGNR) relative amount increased (10.8 per cent against 19.2 per cent), along with Gram-positive cocci (19.8 per cent against 64.2 per cent), particularly coagulasenegative staphylococci (CNS) (10.8 per cent against 35.9 per cent) and enterococci (5 per cent against 16.5 per cent) and candida and fungi (0.5 per cent in 1986 against 15.9 per cent in 1999). At the period 1986-1999 the main pathogens in urology infection were E. coli, Enterobacter spp., NFGNR (including P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus, CNS, Enterococcus spp. The problem pathogens for urological department were the following: E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp., NFGNR including P. aeruginosa, CNS, Enterococcus spp., candida and fungi. At the period 1991-1997 Gram-negative pathogens susceptibility to amikacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, ceftazidime, cefotaxime was not changed in general, Gram-positive cocci (staphylococci and enterococci) retained the same susceptibility to vancomicin, cefamandol and amoxyclave. Staphylococci were also susceptible to amikacin, imipenem, rifampicin, oxacillin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin. Production of beta-lactamase was registered for 38.7 per cent of CNS, 26.5 per cent of E. coli, 38.5 per cent of K. pneumoniae, 25 per cent of P. mirabilis and 55.6 per cent of P. aeruginosa strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

[The biochemical markers of bone remodeling in cancer patients with skeletal involvement].

The report discusses a study of pyridinoline (Pyd) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyd) as biochemical markers of bone resorption as well as total bone alkaline phosphatase level (APh) and that of its bone fraction as criteria of osteogenesis in skeletal lesions in breast, prostate and lung cancer and multiple myeloma. The investigation established a significantly enhanced Pyd and Dpyd excretion with urine and increased blood-serum APh levels in skeletal cancers (n = 271) as compared with healthy subjects (n = 173) and patients without bone metastases (n = 94). A case has been made for determination of total excretion of Pyd crosslinks of collagen to diagnose bone metastases. Most pronounced hyperenzymemia was found in prostate cancer which points to the leading role of APh as a bone metastasis marker. Pyd and Dpyd excretion and APh levels were significantly higher among patients multiple metastases with than in those with single bone metastases. The universality of pyridinoline crosslinks as skeletal damage markers has been confirmed by establishing a significant correlation between drug and therapeutic effect for Pyd and Dpyd only, in patients receiving ibandronate.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1999

[Immuno-microbiological aspects of chronic bacterial prostatitis pathogenesis].

The paper deals with a role of the factors of the body's antiinfective resistance system in the pathogenesis of chronic bacterial prostatitis and with the identification of an etiological factor of the disease. Long-term studies have revealed that chronic bacterial prostatitis runs in the presence of impairments in the antiinfective resistance system, in failures of T lymphocytes, phagocytic activity, and opsonization in particular. Gram-positive cocci, predominantly Staphylococcus and Enterococcus alone or as part of 2-component associations have been found to be the leading agents in the etiology of chronic bacterial prostatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Current approach to solving the problem of urolithiasis].

The article analyses experience in the management of about 1,500 patients with urolithiasis who underwent in- and out-patient treatment at the Urological Clinic of the Moscow Regional Scientific Research Clinical Institute in 1990-1993. Indications were determined for applying lithotripsy in patients with stones in anomalous kidneys, in cases of a solitary kidney, and children with urolithiasis. The tactics of management of large kidney stones is described. The use of endoscopic methods of treatment (percutaneous and transurethral) is evaluated. Modern methods of urolithiasis treatment were applied instead of an open operation in 90% of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Maxaquin and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of complicated and recurrent urinary infections in adults].

Clinical efficacy of maxaquin versus ciprofloxacin against complicated or/and recurrent urinary infections (62 patients primarily with chronic pyelonephritis with nephrolithiasis) proved higher (92.3% vs 80.0%) in equal microbiological activity (73.2% vs. 73.4%) of the drugs. Maxaquin was less active in enhancing the culture resistance. Both quinolones had no negative effects on the studied systems of the body's antiinfectious resistance and promoted partial correction of dysbiotic manifestations on the colon mucosa. Side effects of both drugs occurred with similar frequency and severity, starting earlier in administration of maxaquin. The authors offer to manage urinary infections in adults effectively with maxaquin in a dose 400 mg once a day and ciprofloxacin in a dose 500 mg twice a day by 7-14-day courses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Several aspects of general biological concept of osteogenesis].

Basing on the literature data and their own findings, the authors present the general biological concept of osteogenesis. The significance of copper compounds (ceruloplasmin) in bone tissue synthesis was revealed; the role of bound iron (transferrin) in the development and maintenance of the inflammatory process induced by opportunistic bacteria and in bone regeneration was confirmed. Analysis of clinical and microbiological findings in the patients with chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis, coral uroliths, gastrointestinal diseases complicated by cholelithiasis has lead the authors to a suggestion that fecal microcenosis may become one of the criteria for estimating mineral metabolism in the body; the markers of this metabolic disorders are shifted levels of full-value E. coli, Lactobacilli, and, to a lesser degree, of L. bifidum. The presence of E. coli hemolytic variant also essentially contributes to these disorders, when its level surpasses by 2-3 orders the level of this microorganism in normal subjects and in patients whose mineral metabolism is virtually unchanged. When planning multiple-modality treatment of patients with locomotor system defects and disordered salt metabolism, a physician should investigate intestinal biocenosis and prescribe agents to correct the detected disorders.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1981

[Computerized tomography in the complex diagnosis of space-occupying formations in the kidneys].

A computer tomography study of 10 cases of suspected nodulation in kidneys was carried out. The method proved effective in the identification and differential diagnosis of cysts and tumors in the kidney. Tumors were detected in 40 cases, polycystosis -- in 10 patients. Out of 10 cases, renal polycystosis and clinically -- implicit polycystosis of the liver were revealed in 4 patients. Computer tomography should be carried out at the beginning of examination because it may often save the trouble of using more complicated procedures. Application of computer tomography provides fresh means of differential diagnosis of nodulation in the kidney.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1977

Electrohydraulic impulse lithotripsy of bladder stones with URAT-I.

The electrohydraulic method of crushing bladder stones due to many aforesaid advantages can fully replace mechanical lithotripsy as being both more effective and having little danger of traumas. In rare cases when the stone cannot be crushed with Urat-I its removal should be performed by way of cystomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current aspects of extracorporeal lithotripsy (ECL)].

Basing on original experience (2150 cases) and literature data, the authors review in detail current status of EL: indications and contraindications, complications, pediatric applications, use in anomalous and single kidneys, in single, multiple and coral concrements. Prospects for the future are outlined.

Humans↗