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Biomedical subjects

M Falip

Publications and source records attributed to M Falip.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Clinical characteristics associated with psychosocial functioning among patients with uncomplicated epilepsy in Spain.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the clinical characteristics associated with poor psychosocial functioning among Spanish patients with epilepsy but no other neurological or psychiatric disorder. METHODS: Between May and September 2001 a survey among patients with epilepsy was carried out in 32 Spanish health care centres. The selection criteria of patients were attendance to a routine neurologist visit, to be aged between 25 and 64 and not having another additional neurological handicap (n=812). Psychosocial function was elicited through six indicators: educational level, marital status, unemployment status, restricted car driving, self-perception of epilepsy as an important limiting factor in the educational level achieved and, among unemployed, as the cause of their unemployment. Multiple logistic regression models were fitted in order to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: After simultaneously adjusting for socio-demographic variables and clinical characteristics, the six outcomes analysed increased with seizure frequency. Moreover, all the outcomes except low educational level were also related to early age at onset of epilepsy. Although no relation with objective educational level was found, there was a strong association between early age at onset of symptoms and self-perception of epilepsy as an important limiting factor of educational achievement. CONCLUSION: These findings emphasize the need for more effective treatment of epilepsy and also highlight the importance of a psychosocial approach to management of epilepsy for patients with an early onset of symptoms in order to prevent social limitations in adult life.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Cortical laminar necrosis related to prolonged focal status epilepticus.

Cortical laminar necrosis (CLN) is radiologically defined as high intensity cortical lesions on T1 weighted MRI images following a gyral distribution. Histopathologically, CLN is characterised by pannecrosis of the cortex involving neurones, glial cells, and blood vessels. It has been reported to be associated with hypoxia, metabolic disturbances, drugs, and infections. We present two patients who developed CLN and permanent neurological deficits after prolonged and repeated focal status epilepticus. The possible mechanisms leading to CLN in these patients are discussed, together with the implications of prompt and aggressive treatment in similar cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Classic antiepileptic and new generation antiepileptic drugs: gender differences in effectiveness and adverse drug reactions].

INTRODUCTION: Women are more likely to suffer adverse drug reactions. Moreover adverse drug reactions differ depending on gender. The main objective of new generation antiepileptic drugs (AED) is to reduce adverse drug reactions while maintaining the same effectiveness as the classic ones. OBJECTIVES: a) To identify sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with being treated with new generation AEDs, and b) to compare effectiveness, averse drug reactions and quality of life among patients treated with monotherapy, either with classic or with new generation AEDs, examining the potential gender differences. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A survey among 990 patients aged 16-64 with epilepsy was carried out in 32 Spanish hospitals (response rate: 96 %). For the purposes of this study patients treated with monotherapy (n = 496) were selected. The outcome variables were: effectiveness in seizure control, adverse drug reactions and three dimensions of the SF-36 questionnaire (vitality, mental health and self-perceived health status). RESULTS: 21 % of women and 8% of men were treated with new AEDs. Women were more likely to be treated with new generation AEDs. Moreover, age of epilepsy onset was also positively related to new AEDs and a gradient was found. Whereas no differences in effectiveness, adverse drug reactions or quality of life were observed among men, among women, those treated with new generation AEDs had less adverse drug reactions but, on the other hand, effectiveness for controlling seizures was lower. CONCLUSIONS: Women are more likely to be treated with new AEDs. Although these new treatments seem to have less adverse drug reactions among females, their effectiveness in controlling seizures are lower than that of classic AEDs.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical usefulness of oligoclonal bands].

The presence of oligoclonal bands (OCB) of immunoglobulin G (IgG) is in our days the most useful finding in the study of the CSF for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The most sensitive method for the detection of OCB is the isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting. The prevalence of OCB changes in different populations with a rank of results from 60 to 95 97%. We have determined the prevalence of OCB in our population and the sensitivity and the specificity of the technique used in our laboratory. We have included 391 patients in whom we analysed the presence of OCB, subdivided in; Group 0: Diagnosed of MS, group 1: First episode of demyelinating process, group 2: Neurological disorders considered noninflammatory or nonautoimmune (NINA),group 3: Neurological disorders considered inflammatory, infectious or autoimmune (IIA). The presence of OCB was searched in CSF and serum simultaneously using isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting. In order to standardize the technique we achieved and internal and external validation. Internal validation: sensitivity and specificity (using as a control group first the group NINA and after the group IA). External validation: we choose 10 pairs of CSF/serum from patients with different diagnostics and sent to a reference laboratory ( Karolinska Institute Medical School) that was blind of our results and of the diagnostics. The prevalence of OCB in each group has been: group 0 (MS): 87.7%, group 1: 54.8%, group 2 (NINA): 17.5%, group 3(IIA): 52.7%. Sensitivity: 97.7%, specificity using group NINA as control 82.5% and using group IIA 45.7%. Concordance with the reference laboratory in 9/10 determinations. We conclude that in our population the prevalence of OCB, in patients with MS, is lower than in Northern Europe. The OCB appear in may inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, their specificity for the diagnostic of MS is low.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gabapentin and women].

OBJECTIVE: In the management of epilepsy, as a chronic disorder, one should remember the factors which differentiate the patients so that they may be classified into groups with common characteristics. Using gender as a differentiating criterion, we tried to systematize the factors which should be considered when studying and treating a female patient with epilepsy. DEVELOPMENT: The factors to be taken into account are biological such as the sex hormones or of psychosocial type such those related to the stigma, which may have special characteristics depending on gender. Once these factors had been systematized, we reviewed the clinical use of gabapentin from the point of view of the group considered. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that special guidelines should be used according to the patient s gender. This review considers the female gender. The rational use of gabapentin, as monotherapy or polytherapy plays an important part in fulfilling the requirements described.

Acetates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prognostic factor for medical control for seizures in patients with radiologic evidence for mesial temporal lobe sclerosis].

INTRODUCTION: Patients with mesial temporal lobe sclerosis (MTS) usually have suffered a brain insult during early childhood, a febrile convulsion in most cases. Complex partial seizures start after a seizure free period of variable duration. These complex partial seizures have an stereotypic semiology. Often, these seizure are not controlled with medical therapy, previous studies shows a rate of control not superior of 30%. AIM. To know the prognosis for medical control of patients with MTS and to find related factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical characteristics of 51 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and radiologic evidence of MTS (hippocampus atrophy or increased signal on T2 or Flair magnetic resonance sequences). RESULTS: 51 patients, of them 17 (34%) were men. 17 (34%) presented right MTS, 30 (60%) left MTS and 2 (4.3%) bilateral MTS. 16 patients (34.8%) referred autonomic aura, 14 (27.5%) psychic aura, 4 (7.8%) dysphasia and 13 (25.5%) no aura, in 2 (3.9%) aura were mixed: autonomic psychic. The aura was associated to the lesion laterality (p= 0.023) and to the reference of some antecedent of cerebral aggression during early childhood (p= 0.011). Concerning to the seizure control, 15 patients (29.2%) were seizure free in the last 6 month and 36 (70.6%) remaining uncontrolled. The associated factors to the medical control were the age of onset (p= 0.024) and the duration of the epilepsy (p= 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Around 29% of patients with MTS can be controlled with medical therapy. Seizure control is related with later age of onset and short duration of the epilepsy

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Idiopathic generalised epilepsy. The value of semiology and EEG scanning in its classification].

INTRODUCTION: The different syndromes included in the idiopathic generalized epilepsies present an important overlapping of their electroclinical characteristics. AIM: To compare the two actual classifications (International classification of epileptic syndromes: ILAE of 1989 and of 2001) in a sample of patients with idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE) and to evaluate which electro-clinical factors were more useful in order to classify a patient into a syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 70 patients (44 women/26 men). Neurological examination and neuro-radiological examination were normal in all cases. The EEG (standard or sleep deprived) showed generalised epileptiform discharges in all patients. Clinical findings included a median age of onset 12.3 years. Most frequent first type of seizure was tonic-clonic (71%). Seizures during awakening were the most frequent (37%) and lack of sleep was the most important precipitating factor (44.7%). Generalized epileptiform discharges were present in 62.9% of the basal sleep deprived EEG, on the other hand, only 22.3% of the basal standard EEG showed epileptiform discharges, p = 0.048. 28% of patients were unclassifiable according to the 1989 ILAE classification, 7% were unclassifiable according to the 2001 ILAE classification. EEG during intermittent photic stimulation (p = 0.007), at awakening (p = 0.015) and the timetable of the seizures (seizures generalised at awakening) (p = 0.053) differentiated between idiopathic generalised syndromes of adolescence. CONCLUSION: The 2001 ILAE classification is more useful in order to classify patients with IGE because includes patients previously considered unclassifiable in the syndrome of generalised epilepsy with different phenotypes.

Adult↗