Biomedical subjects

M Falkensammer

Publications and source records attributed to M Falkensammer.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1981

[Stepwise combination of skeletal scintigram and x-rays in the improvement and rationalisation of skeletal metastases detection (author's transl)].

Skeletal scintigraphy with 99mTc phosphate complexes allows the early detection of sites of pathological activity in bones. High sensitivity of this procedure (93%) contrasts with low specificity (59%). Scintigraphically-located sites are uncharacteristic and can imply various diagnoses and require radiodiagnostic investigation. The stepwise application of both methods is recommended, according to tumour type and clinical picture in order to avoid unnecessary and costly duplication of investigation procedures. Thus, the combination of the high specificity of skeletal radiology and the high sensitivity of scintigraphy aids the early detection of skeletal metastases, whereby whole-body skeletal scintigraphy forms the basis for such investigations.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1979

[Estimation of lung water with 131I-antipyrine and 99mTc-HSA (author's transl)].

Extravascular lung water is estimated in vivo from indicator dilution curves of diffusible and non-diffusible tracers utilizing their different transit times as they pass the lung microvessels. 131I-antipyrine as the diffusible and 99mTc-HSA as the non-diffusible tracer were injected simultaneously, using a pneumatic injector. Indices for rELW/V and rELW/F were calculated using programs previously published, and gave numerical values for the presence and intensity of pulmonary interstitial oedema. Inaccuracies due to sequential inputs are avoided. 131I-antipyrine has a more convenient pulmonary interstitial oedema. Inaccuracies due to sequential inputs are avoided. 131I-antipyrine has a more convenient shelflife and can therefore serve for emergency and follow-up examinations. The results do not differ significantly form those with 123I-antipyrine, and the higher radiation burden is tolerable. A mobile set-up for bed-side measurements is described.

Antipyrine↗

PubMed1978

[Thymomas (author's transl)].

Immunological investigations concerning pathological autoantibodies and defects of humoral immunity were performed in 7 patients with thymomas, 5 of which showed invasive growth. The number of B and T lymphocytes in blood was determined at the same time using membrane markers as well as blood lymphocyte stimulation with phytohaemagglutinine. Two of the 3 patients with auto-antibodies against striated muscles or nuclei showed the clinical signs of accompanying disease (myasthenia gravis, lupus erythematodes). A humoral immunodisturbance with IgM deficiency was demonstrable in one patient and was accompanied by clinical symptoms. Lymphopenia with decreased numbers and functional disturbance of T and B lymphocytes could be shown in the majority of patients. Immunological investigations simplify proof of accompanying diseases in thymomas. These represent an important prognostic criterium in the same way as does invasive growth.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

[The differentiation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by immunological methods. III. Results in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (author's transl)].

In 47 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia surface markers were evaluated on mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood as well as in some cases on bone marrow lymphocytes. The lymphocytes were characterized by their binding capacity for sheep red blood cells, the demonstration of Fc-receptors, complement receptors as well as surface immunoglobulins. In 6 of 23 untreated patients the blasts bound sheep red blood cells spontaneously (T-ALL), in two of these six cases the lymphoblasts had simultaneously receptors for complement. In a further patients the lymphoblasts had complement- and Fc-receptors. The blasts of 16 of 23 patients were negative in respect to the markers tested (O-ALL). By comparing two groups of patients--one with positive cells, one unreactive--the clinical features differed: the marker positive group showed a predominance of male patients, 5 of 7 patients had a massive mediastinal mass and the remission rate was lower than in the group with positive blasts. 24 patients in remission under maintance treatment had a decreased percentage of rosette forming lymphocytes as well as lymphocytes with surface immunoglobulins and Fc-receptors. There existed some correlation between the percentage of rosette forming lymphocytes and the clinical course: patients with complications had lower percentages of rosette forming lymphocytes than patients with a favourable course.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Immunological characterization of lymphoproliferative disorders by membrane markers.

The characterization of lymphocyte subpopulations by means of surface markers improved our understanding of the immunopathology of lymphoproliferative disorders. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia an accumulation of B-lymphocytes have been documented. The antibody deficiency syndrome in these patients might well reflect a maturation defect of the leukemic B-lymphocytes. In patients with Hodgkin's disease the relative number of B- and T-lymphocytes in the blood was not markedly altered in comparison to normal controls. An increased proliferation primarily of T-lymphocytes however, might suggest their accelerated turnover as an indication of the host response. In most patients with "Non-Hodgkin" lymphomas high numbers of B-lymphocytes were found in affected lymph nodes, and these appear occasionally in the peripheral blood. Differences in immunopathological manifestations of the various subgroups of the "Non-Hodgkin" lymphomas are emphasized and the rare occurrence of lymphomas of T-lymphocytes (mainly observed in lymphoblastic lymphomas and in Sézary syndrome) is discussed. Immunopathological alterations in immunocytomas and the myelomas are considered in respect to the involvement of B-lymphocytes at different stages of maturation.

B-Lymphocytes↗

PubMed1976

[Rosette tests in lymphoproliferative diseases].

The percentage and absolute count of B- and T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of 170 patients with various lymphoproliferative diseases was determined. T-lymphocytes were assessed by their capacity to form rosettes with unsensitized neuraminidase treated sheep red blood cells, and B-lymphocytes by their capacity to bind immune-complement complexes. The results in CLL, in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and in Hodgkin's disease are discussed with respect to the immunopathology of these diseases.

B-Lymphocytes↗

PubMed1976