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Biomedical subjects

M Fishman

Publications and source records attributed to M Fishman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Painful sickle cell crisis: bone marrow patterns observed with MR imaging.

Eleven patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia (SCA) undergoing painful crisis were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The signal intensity of bone marrow was diffusely decreased in the axial and peripheral skeleton on short repetition time (TR)/echo time (TE) images and long TR/TE images, which suggested hematopoietic marrow hyperplasia and was confirmed by isotope marrow scans in five patients. Focal areas of further decrease in signal intensity were seen on short TR/TE images in 12 of the 14 (86%) painful joints and three of the five (60%) painless joints. In the painful joints, these focal areas converted to high signal intensity on long TR/TE images, presumably due to edema, which suggested acute marrow infarction. In the painless joints, these low-intensity focal areas remained as low signal on long TR/TE images, which suggested absence of edema and thus areas of old infarction or fibrosis. These results indicate that MR imaging may enable differentiation between acute and chronic marrow infarcts in patients with SCA and serve as a useful guide in monitoring and directing therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Failure of sulfites to produce clinical responses in patients with systemic mastocytosis or recurrent anaphylaxis: results of a single-blind study.

Although sulfite sensitivity can precipitate asthma in a subpopulation of subjects with asthma, its role in precipitating anaphylaxis or as a nonspecific mast cell degranulator in systemic mastocytosis has not been examined. To evaluate critically the importance of sulfites in these diseases, eight patients with systemic mastocytosis and 25 patients with unexplained, recurrent anaphylaxis were challenged in a single-blind fashion; sodium bisulfite in capsules was administered in increasing doses of 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg every 30 minutes. On separate occasions a liquid suspension of 200 mg of sodium bisulfite was administered to one patient with systemic mastocytosis and nine patients with anaphylaxis. Vital signs, pulmonary function tests, plasma histamine levels, and clinical reactions were monitored. There were no observable responses in either the mastocytosis group or in 23 of 25 patients in the anaphylaxis group. Two patients in the anaphylaxis group with initial positive challenges had similar symptoms on subsequent placebo challenge. One subject with asthma and with a history suggestive of sulfite sensitivity responded to oral challenge with 5 mg of sodium bisulfite and 100 micrograms of sodium bisulfite intradermally with a dramatic reduction in FEV, requiring treatment with bronchodilators. A comparison of baseline plasma histamine levels with those obtained after the sulfite challenge procedure in each category demonstrated a significant rise (p less than 0.05) in the systemic mastocytosis group. The overall level of significance determined by applying paired sample t tests to the histamine data from all subjects was p less than 0.01.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Visual loss and foveal lesions in Usher's syndrome.

Forty-eight patients with Usher's syndrome were assess for the degree of visual loss, extent of lens opacities, and presence of foveal lesions. Twenty-one patients (44%) showed either atrophic or cystic-appearing bilateral foveal changes. Despite having foveal lesions and variable degrees of lens opacities most patients maintained central visual acuity of 20/60 or better until their middle 30s.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Multiple ocular anomalies associated with maternal LSD ingestion.

Severe ocular malformations, including microphthalmos, intraocular cartilage, cataract, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, and retinal dysplasia, occurred in a premature baby girl. The mother had ingested LSD during the first trimester of pregnancy. To our knowledge, this is the third case reported of ocular teratogenesis associated with maternal LSD ingestion. Further cases must be documented to establish an actual cause and effect relationship between the drug and the induced malformations.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1978

Vitelliform lesions associated with retinal pigment epithelial detachment.

Two patients with bilateral vitelliform macular lesions had normal electro-oculogram findings. The fluorescein angiograms showed retinal pigment epithelial detachment. Detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium associated with lipid and/or protein accumulation within the subpigment epithelial space represents another mechanism by which a lesion ophthalmoscopically similar to that seen in classical Best's disease can be produced.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pseudovitelliform macular degeneration.

Three patients with vitelliform-like macular lesions had normal electroooculogram (EOG) light-peak/dark-trough ratios, unlike typical cases of vitelliform dystrophy (Best macular dystrophy). Leakage of fluorescein dye from perifoveal cappillaries implicated an increased permeability of these vessels as the probable cause for the vitelliform-appearing lesions. All patients with vitelliform lesions demonstrating normal EOG ratios should have an evaluation by fluorescein angiography to rule out a diagnosis of what we prefer to call pseudovitelliform macular degeneration.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Macular lesions associated with retinitis pigmentosa.

Of 31 patients with retinitis pigmentosa, 18 (58%) had lesions of the retinal pigmentary epithelium within the maculae of both eyes. Six of the 31 patients (19%) showed macular cysts or holes (five bilateral, one unilateral) without angiographic evidence of leakage from perifoveal capillaries, while seven patients (23%) had macular cysts in both eyes associated with cystoid macular edema evident by fluorescein angiography. We believe that the macular cysts or holes were caused by changes at the vitreoretinal interface, eg, vitreous traction and preretinal membranes. Other pathologic sequences may also be responsible, such as an intrinsic increase in the permeability of retinal capillaries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Foveal lesions seen in retinitis pigmentosa.

A total of 110 patients with retinitis pigmentosa were prospectively and consecutively evaluated for the presence of foveal lesions. Of these 69 (63 percent) patients showed one of two types of separate and distinct bilateral foveal lesions. Forty-seven (43 percent) patients had atrophic-appearing lesions of the retinal pigment epithelium within the fovea of both eyes, and an additional 22 (20 percent) patients showed bitalteral foveal cysts or partial-thickness holes. Of the 22 patients in this last group, 16 showed cystoid macular edema evident on fluorescein angiography.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

The electro-oculogram in diffuse (familial) drusen.

Twelve patients with diffuse drusen of Bruch membrane had their condition evaluated by electro-oculography (EOG). All had normal EOG light-peak/dark-trough ratios, which suggests that the disease does not involve a diffuse functional abnormality of the retinal pigment epithelium. This finding is in contrast to the abnormal EOG ratios reported in patients with fundus flavimaculatus. Categorizing these two diseases along with fundus albipunctatus as flecked retina syndrome should be continued on the basis of the somewhat similar morphologic appearance of the lesions, rather than because of similar results on functional testing.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Studies on tolerance induction in vitro. II. Requirements for the generation and transfer of suppressor cell activity.

The induction of specific immunologic tolerance and its transfer has been studied in the in vitro response of unprimed rabbit spleen cells to solubilized phage antigens. Evidence presented shows that only viable cells transfer tolerance and that the responsible cells appear devoid of membrane-bound antigen but are sensitive to anti-thymocyte serum. It appears, therefore, that although the in vitro response to solubilized S-T2 has no demonstrable requirement for T "helper" cells, it is subject to the action of T "supp "suppressor" cells.

Animals↗