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M Flint

Publications and source records attributed to M Flint.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Anthropological perspectives of the menopause and middle age.

A review of how the anthropologist has studied the menopause, the climacteric and middle age is given. The types of field methodology used by the anthropologist in the above-mentioned studies are described, and their application for research in other fields is suggested. Research problems which have yet to be addressed in the study of the climacteric and middle age, are suggested for anthropologists, as well as other researchers. The application of anthropological perspectives to these aspects of life is illustrated with an example of middle-aged women in the U.S., whom the author has studied in the past and is currently studying.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Chimpanzee reproductive senescence: a possible model for evolution of the menopause.

Reproductive senescence was studied in 2 female Pan troglodytes and one Pan paniscus over 40 yr old. Menstrual cycle data for these animals, in the last 3 yr, when compared to that of the same animals in previous years and to records obtained between 1967 and 1980 on 51 Pan troglodytes between 18-39 yr old, demonstrated increased length of menstrual cycles, as shown by decreases in frequency of menses. Oestrone glucuronide and pregnanediol glucuronide were measured in 24-h urine samples by radioimmunoassay. The pattern of excretion differed only slightly from that of younger animals. One Pan troglodytes had reduced oestrogen levels, but normal gonadotropin levels. The single ovulatory peak of LH normally seen in younger animals was replaced by multiple peaks in the Pan troglodytes. Menopause was observed in the Pan paniscus as documented by cessation of menstrual cyclicity, elevation of gonadotropin levels, and exaggerated response to injection of 100 microgram of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. The FSH: LH ratio was reversed in this animal. Histology of the ovaries of the Pan paniscus revealed a paucity of primary and developing follicles, and an increase in fibrous tissue. The Pan troglodytes appear to be peri-menopausal. This data suggests that the chimpanzee may serve as a model for certain phases of reproductive senescence in the human.

Aging↗
PubMed1978

Is there a secular trend in age of menopause?

A review of the difficulties encountered in analyzing a secular trend in age of menopause is given with emphasis on the advantages and disadvantages of the recollective and "status quo" methods. It is suggested that no methodology except that which is prospective will give accurate ages of menopause. Accepting this given, a review of the literature from 1864 to 1964 is undertaken, that suggests there may be a secular trend in Denmark, England, France, Germany, Russia and the USA. This must, however, be corroborated by longitudinal, cross cultural, generational research of mothers' and daughters' ages at menopause, or at least, cohort analysis of specific populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of the hepatitis C virus glycoproteins in infection.

HCV encodes two glycoproteins, E1 and E2, that are believed to be exposed on the surface of virions. These molecules are likely to be involved in viral interactions with the host immune response and responsible for mediating viral entry into target cells. They are obvious major components for prototype vaccine studies. Recently, E2 has been reported to bind to the tetraspan molecule CD81, which represents a putative receptor for HCV. Here, we discuss the role the HCV gps may play during infection, the contribution of E2 gp variation to HCV evasion from the immune response and possible implications of the E2-CD81 interaction for HCV pathogenesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗