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Biomedical subjects

M Forest

Publications and source records attributed to M Forest.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Clear cell chondrosarcoma. Study of 13 clinical cases and review of the literature].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Clear cell chondrosarcoma is a variant of bone chondrosarcoma. These unusual tumors are peculiar by their epiphyseal location in long bones, by their cytology and by their cytology and by their protracted course. Clinical, radiographical and histological features are described before therapeutic approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We report a series of thirteen cases of clear cell chondrosarcoma identified and treated between 1965 and 1995 in Cochin Hospital. RESULTS: Clear cell chondrosarcoma represented 5.4 per cent of the whole chondrosarcomas registered in the same period. There was a male prevalence (8 cases). Most patients were in their third decade (8 cases). Clinical course was usually of long duration ranging from three months to nine years. Roentgenographically, the lesion was often indistinguishable from chondroblastoma; this tumor involved the proximal part of the femur in 8 cases, located in the epiphysis. Histologically, cells with clear cytoplasm were always present, and areas of conventional chondrosarcoma were seen in half of cases. All patients underwent surgical treatment: "en bloc" resection was performed in 12 cases, after a curettage with bone grafting in 2 cases; a simple curettage with bone grafting was performed in one case. Two recurrences occurred: a local recurrence after a bone grafting treated by resection with good result, and another recurrence with pulmonary metastasis leading to death within 8 years. DISCUSSION: Clinical, radiographical and histological features are the same in our series and in the series published by Unni et al. in 1976 and by Bjornsson et al. in 1984. Treatment consists in "en bloc" resection because the lesion may recur after curettage. Rarely the tumor may metastasize. Prognosis is good with a five year survival rate similar to grade 1 chondrosarcoma (O'Neal and Ackerman classification). CONCLUSION: These rare bone tumors are characterized by their good prognosis when the treatment is an "en bloc" resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Alveolar sarcomas of soft tissues. Immunohistochemical, ultrastructural study and flow cytometry].

Alveolar soft tissue sarcoma is an unusual tumor, known to have a poor prognosis. Although a muscular origin has been supported by most authors, the histogenesis of such tumors remains unclear. We report a case of alveolar soft tissue sarcoma with histological, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and flow cytometry study. Pour results support a myogenic origin of these tumors and demonstrate its aneuploid nature. Pulmonary metastasis occurred early in spite of intensive chemotherapy and surgical removal of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

aku, a mutation of the mouse homologous to human alkaptonuria, maps to chromosome 16.

Alkaptonuria is a human hereditary metabolic disease characterized by a very high urinary excretion of homogentisic acid, an intermediary product in the metabolism of tyrosine, in association with ochronosis and arthritis. This disease is due to a deficiency in the enzyme homogentisic acid oxidase and is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. We have found a new recessive mutation (aku) in the mouse that is homologous to human alkaptonuria, during a mutagenesis program with ethylnitrosourea. Affected mice show high levels of urinary homogentisic acid without signs of ochronosis or arthritis. This mutation has been mapped to Chr 16 close to the D16Mit4 locus, in a region of synteny with human 3q.

Alkaptonuria↗
PubMed1994

Paradiaphyseal calcific tendinitis with cortical bone erosion.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical, radiologic, and histologic features of calcific tendinitis with cortical bone erosion. METHODS: The records of 6 patients with paradiaphyseal calcific tendinitis and adjacent bone cortex erosion were reviewed. RESULTS: Calcific tendinitis involved the linea aspera in 4 patients, the bicipital groove in 1 patient, and the deltoid insertion in another. Calcium deposits were associated with cortical bone erosions, revealed on plain radiographs in 4 patients and computed tomography scans in 2. Bone scans were performed in 2 patients and showed local hyperfixation of the isotope. In 4 patients, suspicion of a neoplasm led to a biopsy. Calcium deposits appeared to be surrounded by a foreign body reaction with numerous giant cells. Apatite crystals were identified by transmission electron microscopy and elemental analysis in 1 surgical sample. CONCLUSION: Paradiaphyseal calcific tendinitis with cortical bone erosion is an uncommon presentation of apatite deposition disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. A study of 13 clinical cases and review of the literature].

PURPOSE OF STUDY: Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is a variant of chondrosarcoma of bone consisting in a highly anaplasic sarcoma associated with low grade chondrosarcoma. The histopathology and the poor prognosis characterize these tumors. The clinical, radiographical and histological features are described before proposing a therapeutic approach to improve prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirteen cases of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma having the histological requirements described by Dahlin and Beabout were identified and treated between 1977 and 1992 at the Cochin Hospital. These tumors represented 10 per cent of all chondrosarcomas registered in the same period. Eleven cases were primary and in two cases the dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas were first found in recurrent tumors. The average of age was 53 years. This was a retrospective study. The clinical reports, radiograms and histological reports were reevaluated. In doubtful cases the histological sections were reviewed. RESULTS: The clinical features were no different from chondrosarcoma except for the high incidence of pathological fractures. The histology was associated in all cases with a grade 1 or 2 chondrosarcoma and a grade 3 or 4 anaplasic component. The anaplasic components were: 5 osteosarcomas, 5 fibrosarcomas, 2 fibrous histiocytomas, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma. All the patients underwent surgical treatment. Only one patient was treated by adjuvant chemotherapy. Among the eleven primary chondrosarcomas: two disarticulations were performed. En bloc resection was performed in nine patients: one wide margin, six marginal and two intralesional. The two secondary dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas were treated by disarticulation. No local recurrences were observed after disarticulation or wide resection. All patients presented pulmonary metastasis leading to death except one patient with only three months follow up. The average survival time was nine months (1 to 36 months). DISCUSSION: Prognosis is uniformly poor. The five years survival rate is 0 per cent in our series and 10.5 per cent in the series published by Unni and Frassica. The physiopathologic hypothesis which prevails is that the two histologic components originate from two different primitive cell clones, one of which differentiates into a low grade chondrosarcoma while the others fails to differentiate and remains a high grade sarcoma expressing different morphologic features. Treatment was not always adequate, because the diagnosis was missed at time of biopsy in five cases. The biopsies showed the two histological components in only six cases. All our patients presented pulmonary metastasis excepted one patient. This feature was also noted in other series (70 to 100 per cent). Those metastasis originate from the anaplasic component. Chemotherapy has not been well evaluated for these tumors but its effectiveness is evident for treatment of osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION: These tumors, which are characterized by their histology and their poor prognosis, are frequently inadequately treated. It is necessary to improve the prognosis: by performing a large biopsy adjusted on the lytic bone. by performing a wide resection or amputation. We believe that it is necessary to associate a chemotherapy to surgical treatment. We have decided to treat our patients with an osteosarcoma protocol.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Sarcoid-like forms of Whipple's disease. Report of 2 cases.

Whipple's disease is a worrying disease because of its protean manifestations. It may sometimes take on the appearance of sarcoidosis with polyvisceral granulomatous dissemination. We describe 2 cases of sarcoid-like Whipple's disease including one with synovial granulomatous involvement. It therefore appears to be essential, in view of the therapeutic possibilities, to perform periodic acid Schiff stain on all granulomas and duodenal fibroscopy with biopsies, even in the absence of any gastrointestinal symptoms, before concluding that the diagnosis is sarcoidosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Extended melanocytic tumor of the cervical spine. Apropos of a case of melanotic schwannoma].

A case of melanotic tumour was described localized close to the right cervical spine, destroying C6 and C7 vertebral bodies and pedicles, on a 27 years old woman. Histological and immunohistochemical findings, correlated with clinical and X-rays data, led up to the diagnosis of a melanotic schwannoma. Six years after the beginning of the illness, the outcome was preceded by a local vertebral involvement without metastasis and paradoxically with a good general state. The tumoral localization and the finding of nervous structures allowed to evoke a development from a cervical nerve root. On histological basis, we propose to classify this tumour along the new concept described by the Mayo Clinic pathologists team, under the name of psammomatous melanotic schwannoma. Some authors evoke a congenital outset in a context of endocrine disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Synovial sarcoma. A study of a series of 46 cases].

Synovial sarcoma is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor. The histological diagnosis remains sometimes difficult. The authors report 46 cases, treated in different hospitals in Paris. The medium survival rate of this group (which includes cases treated long ago) is of 30 per cent at 5 years. But only 24 per cent are disease free at this time. At the last follow up, the patients deceased after the fifth year included, the survival rate drops down to 12 per cent. Local recurrences and metastasis are analysed with reference to the different treatments applied. It seems that the association of polychimiotherapy and wide surgical excision might increase the survival rate, but this has to be confirmed in future. Radiotherapy is still a valuable treatment when excision is only limited, or when excision is impossible, due to localisation or extension of the tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Ewing's sarcoma of bone in adults: an anatomic-clinical study of 30 cases].

The records of 30 adult patients with Ewing's sarcoma (ES) of bone treated between 1980 and 1990 at the Institut Curie were studied retrospectively; the diagnosis was reevaluated by histological and immunohistochemical analysis, using HNK and anti-neuron specific enolase (NSE) antibodies. The immunohistological analysis disclosed a significant staining of neoplastic cells in only few of our cases and is therefore of limited interest in the diagnosis of ES. Three groups of patients have been considered according to their clinical presentation: axial, peripheric and initial metastatic disease. The global prognosis is poor: the survival rate is 70% after a follow-up period of one year, and 23% after three years. The evolution was severe for patients with pelvic localization and/or initial metastatic disease. In contrast, five of six patients who are currently free of disease after a mean follow-up period of 42 months presented initial peripheric lesion. Four of these six patients were treated by a combination of surgical, chemical and radiation therapies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Parosteal sarcoma of the radius in the course of etretinate therapy].

A parosteal osteosarcoma of the right radius has developed in a patient treated for a long time by etretinate (total dose: 73 g). If brachial ossifications have been reported to etretinate in 2 cases, they were benign tumours; so coincidence is possible in our case. Nevertheless, a relation between the tumour and the treatment cannot be excluded and justify the report of this observation.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Modification of inflammatory processes by phenobarbital in rats.

Enzyme-inducing drugs such as phenobarbital (PB) increase serum concentrations of an acute-phase protein, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), in man, dogs, and rats via an unknown mechanism. We studied the effects of PB on components of an acute inflammatory reaction in rats in order to determine if PB acts only on this biological marker of inflammation or is capable of altering the clinical course of inflammatory processes. Local carrageenan injection induces a similar time-dependent plantar edema and increases serum AGP levels in Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Dark Agouti (DA) rats. Pretreatment with PB for seven days modified neither parameter in SD rats while plantar edema was aggravated and serum AGP levels were increased in DA rats. The sedative-hypnotic properties of PB were not involved, since a single administration of this drug had no action in DA rats. On the other hand, chronic PB administration reduced the severity of an autoimmune disease, type II collagen-induced arthritis, in DA rats. These data indicate that PB, a potent inducer a cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes, modifies the course of the inflammatory process. Preliminary results with macrophage transfer experiments suggest that this response to PB could be mediated by stimulated macrophages.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Femoral infarction following intraarterial chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the leg: a possible pitfall in magnetic resonance imaging.

Bone infarction of the distal femur is reported in two patients with osteosarcoma of the leg (1 tibia, 1 fibula) treated by preoperative chemotherapy including intraarterial chemotherapy (IAC) by Cis-platinum. Both patients were examined by magnetic resonance imaging before chemotherapy and again prior to limb salvage surgery. The location of these lesions in the distal femur must suggest bone infarction especially if the tumor has decreased in size under treatment.

Adult↗