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Biomedical subjects

M Forss

Publications and source records attributed to M Forss.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Changing pattern of cervical carcinoma: a report of 709 cases of invasive carcinoma treated in 1970-1974.

Seven hundred and nine new cases of carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated by surgery, radiotherapy, or both at Helsinki University Central Hospital between 1970 and 1974. Of these, 241 (34.0%) died of the disease during the 5-year follow-up period. Three hundred and eighty-three (53.9%) of the patients were operated on and in 112 (29.3%) of them the stage of the disease had been underestimated preoperatively. This was mainly due to the undetected lymph node involvement observed first at operation in 72 cases (18.8%). In 237 of the patients carcinoma was confined to the cervix according to findings at operation but in 24 (10.1%) of them a relapse or metastasis was observed within 5 years. Comparison of the results for 1970-1974 with those from the same hospital for 1926-1969 revealed a reversal in the steady improvement in the total 5-year survival rates. It is concluded that, even if the incidence of cervical carcinoma in Finland is to decrease, the prognosis for the disease may become poorer. This is mainly due to a shift in the peak incidence of cervical carcinoma to older age groups. Also a mass screening program is likely to decrease the relative number of slowly growing, less aggressive type of the disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Perinatal heart rate variability and circulatory adaptation in association with normal labor and after elective cesarean section.

Heart rate variability and basal hemodynamic parameters were studied in connection with 20 normal deliveries and after 16 elective cesarean sections. Eight of the cesarean sections were performed with the use of maternal barbiturate anesthesia and eight with the use of epidural blockade. The interval index describing the long-term variability and the differential index describing the short-term variability of the heart rate were measured continuously from 10-minute samples of a direct fetal electrocardiogram and a neonatal electrocardiogram of the infants by a microprocessor-based system. In association with normal labor, significant increases in both indices of variability were observed during the second stage of labor and during the first 2 hours of extrauterine life. After elective cesarean section both indices of neonatal heart rate variability remained significantly lower than those after normal labor. However, a significant increase was observed in the differential index of the infants delivered with the use of epidural blockade. During the neonatal period, simultaneous recordings of basal heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and rectal and heel temperatures were made at 10-minute intervals. The basal neonatal heart rate was significantly higher in both cesarean section subgroups compared with that after normal labor. A significant decrease in basal neonatal heart rate during the second hour of life was observed after normal labor and after cesarean section with the use of epidural blockade. Systolic blood pressures in newborn infants delivered with the use of maternal epidural blockade were equal to those after normal labor, but higher than those after cesarean section with barbiturate anesthesia. Newborn infants after elective cesarean section had significantly lower diastolic blood pressures than infants delivered normally, but there was no difference in the diastolic blood pressures between the two cesarean section subgroups. The infants delivered vaginally had lower heel temperatures than those delivered abdominally. According to the present study, the neonatal circulatory adaptation after elective cesarean section is different from that after normal delivery; however, the neonatal hemodynamics after cesarean section with epidural blockade more closely resemble the situation after normal labor.

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1983

Reduced short-term variability of fetal heart rate in association with maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy in insulin-dependent diabetic women.

The differential index, which describes the short-term component of fetal heart rate variability, and maternal blood glucose levels were measured 109 times in 19 insulin-dependent diabetic mothers in the second half of gestation. An abnormal differential index was observed more often with maternal hyperglycemia (11/45) than with normoglycemia (5/64). A significant negative linear correlation was found between the differential index and the blood glucose level of the mother.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1983

Antepartum fetal heart rate variability and intervillous placental blood flow in association with smoking.

Intervillous placental blood flow and indices of fetal heart rate variability were measured from seven healthy pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy, once before and twice after smoking one cigarette. A blood flow reduction was observed in seven, a rise in five, and no change in two measurements. When intervillous placental blood flow decreased both indices of variability decreased (p less than 0.001), and when it increased the short-term component of fetal heart rate variability increased more significantly (p less than 0.001) than did the long-term component (p less than 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Midtrimester fetal heart rate variability and maternal hemodynamics in association with smoking.

Maternal heart rate (MHR), blood pressure (BP), the differential index (DI) describing the short-term component of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability, and the interval index (II) describing the long-term component were measured in eight subjects in the midtrimester before, during, and after the mothers smoked a standard cigarette. The analyses of FHR variability were performed by an "on-line" method with an abdominal fetal electrocardiogram used as a triggering signal and with a sample time of 1 minute. An increase of MHR, FHR, and BP with a concomitant decrease of II was observed. Unlike our findings regarding the third trimester, no significant change of DI was observed. A correlation analysis revealed fetomaternal hemodynamic relationships different from those in the third trimester: There was a negative correlation between DI and FHR (p less than 0.01) and between DI and MHR (p less than 0.01). There was a positive correlation between FHR and MHR (p less than 0.001). Unlike our findings regarding the third trimester, no correlation was found between DI and BP or between II and MHR. We suggest that the midtrimester fetus shows the narcotic effect (decrease of II) of one cigarette, as does the term fetus, but fails to show the hypoxic effect (decrease of DI), which has been observed in the term fetus.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1983

Polarographically detected effect of ultrasound and irradiation on DNA solution.

Aqueous solutions of DNA were sonicated, irradiated, or sonicated and irradiated. The effect of the treatment was detected by pulse-polarography. The polarographic response of irradiation depended on the concentration of DNA. It was found that the effects of sonication and irradiation were non-additive. The reason for this is discussed briefly.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Significant correlation between maternal hemodynamics and fetal heart rate variability.

The differential index, describing the short-term component, and the interval index, describing the long-term component, of fetal heart rate variability were measured by an on-line method from the abdominal electrocardiograms of eight fetuses during the third trimester of normal pregnancies while mothers were smoking a cigarette. Maternal heart rate and maternal blood pressure were measured intermittently before, during, and after smoking. Analyses of fetal heart rate variability were performed continuously with the sample time of 1 minute during the experiments. An increase in maternal heart rate and blood pressure, with concomitant decrease in the interval index and the differential index, was observed. The correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between maternal heart rate and the interval index (p less than 0.001), between diastolic pressure and the differential index (p less than 0.01), and between systolic pressure and the differential index (p less than 0.01).

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1981

Prevention of venous thrombosis by dipyridamole-naproxen and low-dose heparin in patients undergoing hysterectomy.

Orally administered dipyridamole in combination with naproxen was compared with subcutaneously administered low-dose heparin in prevention of deep venous thrombosis after abdominal hysterectomy. The radioactive fibrinogen test was used to diagnose thrombosis. Only one patient in the total series of 65 developed thrombosis. She belonged to the dipyridamole-naproxen group; the oral intake of the agents was disturbed by postoperative gastrointestinal side-effects. Vomiting and headache were more common in the dipyridamole-naproxen group, but wound complications (haematomas, ruptures and infections) were more common in the low-dose heparin group.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

The acute effect of smoking on uteroplacental blood flow in normotensive and hypertensive pregnancy.

The acute effect of smoking on uteroplacental blood flow was studied by the 133Xe method in 12 normotensive and 11 hypertensive pregnant women at term. A standard cigarette caused an acute decrease in intervillous blood flow in the normotensives but normalized within 15 minutes. In the other group, smoking produced a progressive increase in this flow, whose basal presmoking value lower in the hypertensive women. The myometrial blood flow was equal in both groups before smoking but significantly higher in the hypertensive group immediately afterwards. Smoking produced a constant increase in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure in the normotensive women. In the other, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure increased only temporarily, while systolic blood pressure remained unchanged. Heart rate increased in both groups. Repeated decreases in the intervillous blood flow could explain growth retardation of the fetus and some other complications of pregnancy in normotensive smokers. The authors assume that postischemic reactive hyperemia in the uterine vessels caused the increased flow in hypertensive pregnant women after smoking but cannot recommend it as beneficial because of the increased placental transfer of the harmful elements found in tobacco smoke.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Growth of the fetal biparietal diameter in different types of pregnancies.

A total of 24,560 fetal biparietal measurements were made using the B-scan technique. The increase in biparietal diameter was compared in normal pregnancies, in those complicated by diabetes or toxemia, and in fetuses thought to be small for dates. Only the last of these groups demonstrated a statistically significant difference.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Changes in placental intervillous blood flow measured by the 133xenon method during lumbar epidural block for elective caesarean section.

The effect of lumbar epidural block on placental intervillous blood flow (IBF) was estimated with the i.v. 133Xe method in 24 cases and in 14 controls. All parturients had uneventful pregnancies and were scheduled for elective caesarean section. Lumbar epidural block caused a significant decrease in maternal mean arterial pressure (MAP), when no preloading infusion with a plasma expander was given. In contrast, the MAP remained unchanged during lumbar epidural block when the parturients received a preloading infusion (Haemaccel, 100 ml/10 kg body weight within 10 min immediately before lumbar epidural block). The IBF decreased to some extent in the non-preloaded group, but increased temporarily in the preloaded group 15 min after the administration of lumbar epidural block. The mean changes of IBF in the non-preloaded and the preloaded groups differed statistically significantly from each other during lumbar epidural block. The IBF of the preloaded group did not differ significantly from the IBF of the control group receiving no lumbar epidural block.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The acute effect of smoking on intervillous blood flow of the placenta.

Smoking a standard cigarette caused an acute decrease in intervillous placental blood flow. This change normalized within 15 minutes. At the time intervillous blood flow was depressed, heart rate and blood pressure were elevated and remained so throughout the study period. Repeated decreases in the intervillous blood flow could explain growth retardation of the fetus and some other complications of pregnancy in women who smoke.

Adult↗