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Biomedical subjects

M Frost

Publications and source records attributed to M Frost.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Pharmacokinetics of interpleural bupivacaine in patients undergoing cholecystectomy.

Arterial and venous plasma concentrations of bupivacaine were measured following interpleural administration of 20 ml of 0.5% solution with adrenaline in patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Mean maximum arterial and venous concentrations in eight of 11 patients were 1.90 (SD 0.36) and 1.65 (0.48) mg litre-1 and occurred at 22 (10) min and 25 (10) min, respectively. An arteriovenous difference for bupivacaine of approximately 20% was noted during the first 45-60 min after administration. Mean systemic venous plasma clearance (0.15 (0.08) litre h-1 kg-1) was less and the mean elimination half-life (6.85 (2.29) h) and mean body residence time (9.99 (3.00) h) were longer than reported previously for interpleural bupivacaine--possibly because of continued slow absorption of the drug from its absorption site.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Loco-regional recurrence following surgery of breast carcinoma: prognostic factors and therapeutic consequences].

The course following local relapse after mastectomy was studied prospectively in 225 women. Factors significantly influencing the further course were determined. On the whole the prognosis was relatively good, with a projected 5-year relapse-free survival of 47%, a median time interval of 53 months until development of distant metastases, and an estimated death rate of 41% after 5 years. The most important factor influencing the incidence and time interval until appearance of distant metastases is the axillary lymph node status at the time of mastectomy. N0 patients have a much better prognosis than N+ patients in univariate as well as multivariate analysis. Other factors in univariate analysis which play a role in either the incidence of distant metastases or overall survival include estrogen receptor content, site of the local relapse (skin or regional lymph nodes), time interval between mastectomy and the occurrence of the local relapse, and number of tumor nodules in the local relapse. In multivariate analysis virtually the only really independent prognostic factors are primarily the initial axillary lymph node status for survival free of distant metastases and the time interval from mastectomy to local relapse for overall survival.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Idiotypic control of the immune response.

Anti-idiotypic antibodies are antibodies against the antigenic determinants (idiotypes) of an antibody's antigen-binding region. Anti-idiotypes can bind near (Ab2 gamma) or away (Ab2 alpha) from the antigen-combining site or can carry the internal image of the antigen (Ab2 beta). Idiotypes and anti-idiotypes have been described in T- and B-cell systems. They have been used in basic research to purify and characterize receptors and ligands against receptors, to treat tumors, to make vaccines and to diagnose and suppress the immune response. In experimental myasthenia gravis anti-idiotypes protect animals against the disease, block idiotype binding and share idiotypic specificities.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Estrogen receptor levels and survival of breast cancer patients. A study on patients participating in randomized trials of adjuvant therapy.

A series of 1,022 patients taking part in clinical trials to compare postoperative radiation therapy with postoperative CMF chemotherapy, and postoperative tamoxifen with no adjuvant therapy, had their tumors analyzed for estrogen receptor content. Isoelectric focusing of the receptor in polyacrylamide gel was used for receptor assay and the results were related to tumor DNA content. The estrogen receptor content was significantly correlated to prolonged survival both for premenopausal and postmenopausal women. It was confirmed that postmenopausal women have increased median receptor values, and for this group values of more than approximately 0.3 fmol per microgram DNA were correlated to prolonged survival. For premenopausal women, a lower level of more than 0.1 fmol per microgram of DNA defined patients with prolonged survival. Lymph node involvement and receptor level were independent prognostic indicators. Patients randomized to tamoxifen or CMF tended to live longer as compared with control patients but this was not statistically significant. Moreover, there was no tendency for adjuvant tamoxifen to further increase the survival of patients with receptor-containing tumors as compared with control patients with similar receptor values.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Tea and empathy.

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Aged↗
PubMed1979

B-mode echoencephalography in the normal and high risk infant.

Commercially available high resolution, contact, gray scale imaging systems can now dependably visualize the normal and abnormal ventricular system as well as some other intracranial structures in all newborns. On 25 normal infants and 41 high risk infants, 135 B-mode echoencephalograms were performed. The technique for obtaining these scans is described. The normal lateral ventricle at the midbody in term infants is 0.9--1.3 cm wide (mean, 1.1 cm). Normal ratio of lateral ventricle to hemisphere is 28% (range, 24%--30%). High risk premature infants have a ratio of 31% (range, 24%--34%). The demonstration of hydrocephalus and cystic intracranial masses is reliable and the correlation with computed tomography is excellent. Postoperative or high risk infants can be repeatedly evaluated without radiation, at a lower cost, and more rapidly with ultrasound than with computed tomography. Ventricular size can be closely monitored and shunt failure detected at any early stage.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1978

Biter bit.

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Depression↗
PubMed1978

Problems in the care of the infant diabetic patient.

The unique problems of three infants who developed diabetes mellitus at 13 months of age or younger are discussed. These problems include: the administration of small doses of insulin; the difficulty in attaining control; and the evaluation of urinary sugar content. Suggestions for care are made.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1977

Carcinoembryonic antigen in renal allograft recipients and immunosuppressed renal patients.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was estimated in plasma from 70 patients with a renal transplant, 105 patients with glomerulonephritis who had received immunosuppressive therapy, and 124 healthy controls. There were raised levels in 30% of those with a renal transplant, 10% of those with glomerulonephritis and 2% of controls, and levels were higher in current smokers. CEA levels did not correlate with pre-transplant dialysis time nor with serum creatinine levels, but tended to fall with increasing time after transplantation, especially in non-smokers. CEA levels did not correlate with prednisolone dosage nor with number of rejection episodes, after allowing for time after transplantation and smoking habit. Nine of 70 patients with a renal transplant and three of 105 with glomerulonephritis had cancer, of skin in seven, cervix uteri in four, and colon in one. CEA was raised in all four transplant recipients with a visceral cancer (cervix three and colon one), but in none of the five with cutaneous cancer. Raised CEA levels occurring late after a renal allograft should prompt a careful search for visceral cancer.

Adolescent↗