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Biomedical subjects

M Frydenberg

Publications and source records attributed to M Frydenberg.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Renal oncocytomas--an Australian experience.

A review was made of 24 cases of renal oncocytoma seen between 1978 and 1989. There was considerable overlap between the clinical presentation of renal oncocytomas and renal carcinomas. Although pre-operative radiological, cytological and pathological investigations may suggest the presence of an oncocytoma, these studies cannot make a definitive diagnosis. We recommend that these tumours be treated as potential renal carcinomas until post-operative microscopic evaluation proves otherwise.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Blunt abdominal aortic trauma.

Due to its well protected position within the abdomen, blunt injuries to the abdominal aorta are uncommon. A review of previous reports in the literature, together with four new cases, are presented here. Motor car accidents are the most common cause of this injury, especially if seat belts are worn. Associated gastrointestinal injuries did not lead to any increased mortality; however, delay in the diagnosis was a significant factor in the deaths of several patients. Prompt recognition and early surgical management are essential in the treatment of this problem.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complexity of care and mental illness in medical inpatients.

We investigated the complexity of medical inpatient care to learn it was associated with the presence and type of mental disorders, and with emotional distress and somatization. Six indicators of care complexity, including length of stay (LOS), were assessed for 294 consecutive medical inpatients. Patients rated their own health and physical disability, and medical consultants assessed them for chronic and life-threatening diseases. A subsample of 157 patients was assessed for ICD-10 psychiatric diagnoses by means of an extensive semi-structured interview known as Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). With a few exceptions, the indicators of complexity of care were not statistically significantly associated to ICD-10 mental disorders; psychological distress, measured by the SCL-8 rating scale; or somatization, measured by the Whiteley-7 rating scale. On the other hand, four of six complexity indicators were significantly associated with self-rated physical disability or health, or both, when controlling for the severity of the medical condition. In conclusion, complexity of care, including LOS, was substantially associated with the patient's own health perception but only marginally with the presence of mental illness. This is noteworthy, as previously published results concerning the same patients have shown a clear association of mental illness with utilization of admissions to nonpsychiatric departments, and with utilization of primary care resources.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Knowledge, attitudes and experience associated with testing for prostate cancer: a comparison between male doctors and men in the community.

BACKGROUND: Debate about testing for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE) continues. The evidence of benefit from screening for prostate cancer using PSA tests is inconclusive, and it is unclear how PSA can be used most effectively in the detection of prostate cancer. Given the lack of consensus, it is important that consumers understand the issues in a way that will permit them to decide whether or not to have a test and, if symptomatic, how their condition is managed. AIMS: To compare prostate cancer knowledge, attitudes and testing experiences reported by male doctors and men in the community, despite the lack of evidence of a benefit. METHODS: The primary method for ascertaining the attitudes of male doctors (MD) was a telephone survey, with some doctors electing to complete a written survey. Each MD was selected, at random, from a register of male practitioners aged > or = 49 years of age. A total of 266 MD participated in the survey. The community sample (CS) was accessed using a telephone survey. Five hundred male Victorian residents aged > or = 49 years of age participated in the study. RESULTS: Knowledge - Overall, 55% of the CS indicated correctly that prostate disease is sometimes cancer, compared to 83% of MD. Attitudes - Fifty-five per cent of MD believed men should be tested for prostate disease at least every 2 years, compared to 68% of men in the CS. Testing experience - Forty-five per cent of MD had been tested for prostate cancer in the past, and 92% of those tests were reported as negative. In the CS, 56% had been tested for prostate cancer in the past, and 78% of the results were reported as negative. The significant independent predictors of having had a prostate test among MD were: (i) age (> or = 60 years; odds ratio (OR): 1.59; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.30-1.88) and (ii) positive attitudes towards regular testing for prostate cancer (OR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.98-2.56). The significant independent predictors for the CS were: (i) age (> or = 60 years; OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.40-1.89), (ii) being married (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.00-1.60), (iii) knowledge that prostate disease was sometimes cancer (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.26-1.66) and (iv) positive attitudes towards regular testing for prostate cancer (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.90-2.34). CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight that testing for prostate cancer is widespread in the community and in the medical profession. Further research should be undertaken to identify how to help men make fully informed decisions about prostate cancer testing.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory disease and lung function in a tobacco industry.

In a field study, 75 workers from a cheroot factory were compared with 50 reference workers from a large telephone company. Questionnaire responses revealed higher prevalences of cough and shortness of breath on exercise among the tobacco workers than controls. Cigarette smoking was the same in the two groups, but tobacco workers also smoked cheroots. Significantly decreased values (p less than .01) of forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1.0) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were found among tobacco workers compared to referents. After adjusting for number of cigarettes and cheroots smoked, there remained no significant differences. There was a suggestion (p less than .10) of decreased FEV1.0 among light or nonsmoking tobacco workers. When cigarette consumption only was considered, this difference was significant (p less than .01). Lung function values were not associated with the very low measured dust exposures. Bronchial reactivity to inhaled histamine, diurnal and weekly changes in FEV1.0, skin-prick tests with tobacco extracts, and precipitating serum antibodies to tobacco extracts and extracts of microorganisms were similar to that expected in a nonexposed population. Differences in lung function between the two groups may result from excess cheroot consumption and higher previous exposure to tobacco dust among the tobacco workers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mental disorders in medical inpatients and the association to severity of illness, self-rated physical disability, and health perception.

In a study of 294 consecutive medical inpatients, the authors assessed a subsample of 157 patients for psychiatric diagnoses using an extensive semistructured interview, Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). Patients rated their health and physical functioning, and medical consultants assessed them for chronic and life-threatening diseases. A life-threatening condition increased odds for having a psychiatric diagnosis by 3.1 times (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.03-9.1), while a chronic medical disease had no such impact (OR=1.1; 95% CI: 0.5-2.3). In women, mental disorders were strongly associated with self-rated disability (OR=6.7; 95% CI: 1.6-27.8) and self-rated health (OR=9.4; 95% CI: 2.7-32.4). This association was absent in men (OR(disability)=0.7; 95% CI: 0.2-2.7; OR(health)=1.6; 95% CI: 0.6-4.7). Analyses included adjustment for age and gender.

Adult↗