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Biomedical subjects

M Fukui

Publications and source records attributed to M Fukui.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Prolactinoma with preferential infrasellar extension: a report of two cases.

The authors describe two male patients with prolactinomas which were incidentally found either during the course of a complete work up for headache or after minor head trauma. Since these tumours were located mainly in the sphenoid bone and did not show any upward growth to the suprasellar region, they were initially thought to be a primary skull base tumour; however, the serum prolactin levels of these patients were 1,179 ng/ml and 3,260 ng/ml, respectively. The authors thus emphasise the need to recognise this peculiar infrasellar growth pattern of prolactinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Inverting papilloma of the sphenoid sinus: report of two cases.

Two patients with sphenoid sinus inverting papilloma who were treated either by transcranial or sublabial trans-septal approach are reported. Inverting papillomas arising from the sphenoid sinus are exceedingly rare. The clinical and neuro-imaging features, as well as surgical treatment, for sphenoid sinus tumours are also briefly discussed.

Female↗
PubMed2001

Pituitary tumours in adolescence: clinical behaviour and neuroimaging features of seven cases.

The clinicopathologic features of seven paediatric patients with pituitary adenomas (2 male, 5 female; mean age 14.3 years) were reviewed. There were three non-functioning adenomas, three prolactinomas, and one growth hormone producing adenoma. Five patients presented with visual field deficits, and six patients had endocrine symptoms, which included menstrual irregularities in all female patients, pubertal delay in two females, and growth delay and gigantism in one case each. On neuroimaging studies, five adenomas showed parasellar extension, while the remaining two prolactinomas were intrasellar microadenomas. While two patients with prolactinomas received good results with bromocriptine treatment alone, the remaining five patients underwent either craniotomy or transsphenoidal surgery. Postoperatively, visual disturbances improved markedly in all patients. Two patients also received replacement hormonal therapy. While six patients have been stable for 3.6 years on average, one non-functioning tumour recurred 2 years after the initial transcranial subtotal resection of the tumour. Although there are still many unknowns concerning the biology and optimal treatments for paediatric pituitary adenomas, many of them are assumed to be relatively rapidly growing tumours, while others merely have an earlier tumour genesis than in adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: clinical and neuroimaging features of four cases.

The clinical history, neuroimaging features, treatments, and outcome of 4 patients with histologically verified subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA) were retrospectively reviewed. The average age at the time of surgery was 13.3 years. Headache related to raised intracranial pressure was the first and only sign in 2 patients, with the remaining 2 being admitted because of sequential neuroimaging studies over several years revealing the growth of 'subependymal nodules' into intraventricular tumours. In each case the tumour was in the region of Monro's foramen and was associated with ventricular dilatation. On computed tomography (CT), multiple subependymal nodules were found in 3 patients, and these well circumscribed isodense SEGAs were markedly enhanced by contrast medium. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was obtained in 3 patients, 2 SEGAs were isointense with the cerebral cortex and one with the white matter on T1-weighted images, and on T2-weighted images, 2 were isointense with the cortex and one with the white matter. At surgery the tumours appeared to originate from the inferolateral wall of the lateral ventricle in the region of the head of the caudate nuclei. Total macroscopic removal was achieved in 3 patients, and subtotal removal in one patient. Follow up ranged from 4.6 to 13.2 years, and all patients have exhibited similar physical and mental conditions to preoperative. So far there has been no evidence of any recurrences. The diagnosis and the surgical indications for SEGA are discussed, with periodic monitoring with neuroimaging studies being recommended even for asymptomatic patients with 'subependymal nodules'.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Hypothalamic hamartoma associated with an arachnoid cyst.

A hypothalamic hamartoma associated with an arachnoid cyst in an 8-year-old boy is reported herein. He presented with precocious puberty, and neuroimaging studies demonstrated a solid mass in the prepontine cistern and a huge arachnoid cyst in the left cranial fossa. The mass appeared isointense to the surrounding cerebral cortex on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and was not enhanced after administration of Gd-DTPA. The patient underwent a left frontotemporal craniotomy and a cyst-peritoneal shunt was inserted. Histological features of the cyst wall and the mass were characteristic of an arachnoid cyst and hamartoma, respectively. While a hypothalamic hamartoma associated with an arachnoid cyst is rare, such a case may help clarify the geneses of both anomalous lesions.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed2001

Secretory meningioma: clinicopathologic features of eight cases.

The clinical and morphological features of eight patients with meningothelial meningiomas with numerous pseudopsammoma bodies (secretory meningiomas) are presented. The six female and two male patients ranged in age from 43 to 68 years. Tumours were located at the petroclival region in two, the lateral parasellar region in two, the petrous apex in one and the sphenoid ridge in three patients. On magnetic resonance imaging, they were iso or hypointense on T1-weighted images, and hyper or isointense on T 2-weighted images. Peritumoral brain edema was absent in five cases, and was mild to moderate in three cases. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were measured preoperatively in three patients, with one having an elevated serum CEA level which re turned to normal following tumour resection. Immunohistochemical analysis on the resected tumour tissues, pseudopsammoma bodies and surrounding tumour cells were shown to be CEA-positive. Ultrastructurally, pseudopsammoma bodies were composed of granular and filamentous materials located predominantly in the intracellular lumina, which were lined by microvilli. While these morphological features of focal epithelial and secretory differentiation of tumour cells call attention to the broad spectrum of differentiation properties of meningiomas, the biological behavior of the eight tumours reported herein corresponded to those of meningiomas in general.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Resolving obstructive hydrocephalus from AVM.

Obstructive hydrocephalus with deterioration of consciousness from a ruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM) requires urgent decompression, but also vigilance during the preoperative stage in case of rare spontaneous resolution.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Mobile intracranial oily substances from a ruptured teratoma.

A patient with a ruptured intracranial teratoma is presented. The distinctive imaging and neuroendoscopic findings of mobile fatty or oily globules in the subarachnoid or ventricular space are described. Fat suppression magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRI performed with the patient prone was helpful in distinguishing tumour tissue from floating oil.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Primary Ki-1 lymphoma in the central nervous system.

Large cell anaplastic malignant lymphoma with Ki-1 (CD30) antigen is a new entity among human non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas according Updated Kiel Classification and is also a very rare subtype in primary central nervous system (CNS) malignant lymphomas. The precise clinical characteristics and the significance of Ki-1 antigen have yet to be clarified. The authors herein report a case of Ki-1 positive primary T-cell CNS malignant lymphoma. A 49-year-old man presented with multiple mass lesions in the brain on MRI. Immunohistochemical investigations of biopsy specimens from the superior medullary velum revealed a large cell anaplastic T-cell lymphoma positive for Ki-1 antigen. After administering extensive chemo-radiotherapy, the patient has survived for more than 42 months after the onset of symptoms.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

Nerve cell tumours of the cerebrum: variable clinical and pathological manifestations.

Nerve cell tumours of the cerebrum tend to display a high degree of morphological variability from case to case, and this leads to poor understanding of these tumours. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and patho-anatomic features of 16 primary nerve cell tumours of the cerebrum (M:9; F:7; average age at onset: 10.2 years). Intraventricular tumours were not included. In 13 patients epileptic seizures were the only symptoms, while three had headache or hemiparesis. Seven tumours were located in the frontal lobe, four in the parietal lobe, two in the temporal lobe and one each in the fronto-parietal lobes, occipital lobe and the midbrain. Tumours were histologically classified into three groups. In the first group, six tumours had the morphological features of classic gangliocytoma or ganglioglioma. In the second group six cerebral and midbrain tumours were composed of small cells, which showed apparent neuronal differentiation including positive immunoreactivity for synaptophysin and the presence of synaptic structures. These tumours usually involved both the cortex and white matter. In the third group, three tumours were composed of small nerve cells and ganglioid cells. All tumours were relatively well circumscribed, and thus eight tumours were totally removed, five subtotally and three partially. Following surgery, three patients, except one, are alive with stable imaging findings for 4 months - 19.3 years (average 11.6 years) after treatment. While small nerve cell tumours are found throughout the cerebrum and its identification broadens the spectrum of neuronal and mixed neuro-glial tumours, most of these tumours are biologically indolent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Vascular endothelial growth factor in chronic subdural haematomas.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate molecular aspects of the mechanisms of expansion of chronic subdural haematomas (CSH), we examined the expression of two representative angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in CSH. METHODS: We quantified VEGF and bFGF in haematoma fluid and serum of 20 patients with CSH using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mean concentrations of VEGF in the haematoma fluid (10277 pg/ml) and in serum, (355 pg/ml) were much greater than those of bFGF (haematoma, 3.04 pg/ml; serum, 4.74 pg/ml). Surgical specimens, including dura and the outer membrane of the CSH were analysed by in situ hybridisation to detect VEGF mRNA. Macrophages and vascular endothelial cells in the outer membrane over expressed VEGF mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced production of VEGF by macrophages and vascular endothelial cells in the outer membrane is thought to be pathogenetically important in CSH.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Neuroendoscopic treatment of cystic craniopharyngioma in the third ventricle.

The third ventricle is a relatively uncommon location for craniopharyngiomas. Generally, craniotomy has been considered the procedure of choice in such cases. We describe a girl in whom a cystic third ventricular craniopharyngioma was successfully treated by evacuation of the cyst contents via a flexible neuroendoscope and precise placement of an Ommaya reservoir catheter within the tumor.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2001

The architecture of the arcuate eminence-a microanatomical study and its application to the transpetrosal approach.

This study was performed to determine if the arcuate eminence can be drilled down without opening the semicircular canal to obtain a flatter operative field during an anterior or posterior transpetrosal approach. The depth of the superior semicircular canal from the top of the arcuate eminence was measured in 43 dry temporal bones. We found that the arcuate eminence was situated approximately 20 mm from the petrosigmoid intersection, and the superior semicircular canal was located 2.0 mm deep from the top of the arcuate eminence (range, 0.2 mm to 4.2 mm). The arcuate eminence consists of either (1) the otic capsule and additional overlying bone, (2) the naked otic capsule of normal thickness, or (3) the thinned otic capsule. In cases strictly selected by preoperative computed tomography, it may be possible to drill down the arcuate eminence with meticulous manipulation. The relationship between opening the semicircular canal and hearing preservation is also discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Ancestral MADS box genes in Sugi, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don (Taxodiaceae), homologous to the B function genes in angiosperms.

In flowering plants, flower organ identity is controlled by the ABC genes, including several MADS box genes. We present two MADS box genes of a conifer, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. The genes, CjMADS1 and CjMADS2, were related to the angiosperm B function genes which determine the identities of petals and stamens. A phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes form a new clade outside the angiosperm B group, that is, PISTILLATA (PI) and APETALA3 (AP3) lineages. CjMADS1 had a PI-group specific motif and CjMADS2 had AP3-group specific motifs at the C terminal end, respectively. CjMADS1 was expressed in male strobili (or cones) throughout its development, while CjMADS2 was transiently expressed during male strobilus development. The specific expression in the male reproductive organ indicated that the B function is maintained in gymnosperms. Our cladistic analysis suggests that the gene duplication event which generated B function gene lineages predates the divergence of angiosperms and gymnosperms and that the gene duplication which produced the two genes of C. japonica occurred in an ancestral conifer species.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on electrocorticographic activities in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

To compare the neuroexcitatory effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane, we recorded electrocorticograms (ECoG) during wakefulness and during sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthesia in six patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). These patients had subdural grid electrodes chronically implanted in the temporal region. During sevoflurane anesthesia at 1.5 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of the combination with 67% nitrous oxide (N2O), a marked increase in interictal paroxysmal activities was observed in four patients. Two patients had a slight increase in paroxysmal activities. Activated areas were widely distributed, not being confined to the ictal onset zone of spontaneous seizures. However, isoflurane anesthesia at 1.5 MAC of the combination with 67% N2O was associated with less increased paroxysmal activity. While the neuroexcitatory properties of sevoflurane proved greater than those of isoflurane, the widespread irritative response to sevoflurane administration was not helpful in localizing the epileptogenic area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Involvement of the multidrug resistance protein 3 in drug sensitivity and its expression in human glioma.

The multidrug resistance protein (MRP) family belongs to the ATP-binding cassette superfamily (ABC) of transporters, which are involved in ATP-dependent transport of hydrophobic compounds. One of the MRP family, MRP1, is partially associated with the multidrug resistance phenotype in brain tumors. In this study, we asked whether another MRP family gene, MRP3, could affect drug sensitivity to anticancer agents in human glioma cell lines and clinical glioma specimens. We first produced two antisense transfectants by introduction of antisense MRP3 cDNA into the glioma cell line NHG2, which endogenously expresses MRP3. The two MRP3 antisense transfectants showed 2- to 5-fold increases in drug sensitivity to etoposide and cisplatin compared with NHG2 cells, but their sensitivity to vincristine or nitrosourea was not changed. Two MRP3 cDNA sense transfectants of pig kidney cell lines showed 4- to 6-fold drug resistance to etoposide, but only 1.4- to 1.5-fold to cisplatin. We next compared the mRNA levels of four ABC transporters, multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1), MRP1, MRP2 and MRP3 in clinical samples, including 34 patients with gliomas, by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. In some of the clinical samples, increased expression of MRP1 and MRP3 was apparent in malignant gliomas. In situ hybridization revealed that glioma cells were stained with MRP3 probe. MRP3 may modulate drug sensitivity to certain anticancer agents in human gliomas.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B↗