Biomedical subjects

M Furusato

Publications and source records attributed to M Furusato.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

[Image cytometric DNA analysis in bladder tumors].

UNLABELLED: We studied image cytometric DNA analysis of bladder tumors to evaluate malignant potentials of bladder tumors. METHODS: Thirty nine samples were obtained by TUR from 37 patients. Nuclear DNA content of all samples were measured by image cytometer and were determined ploidy pattern by DNA histogram. RESULTS: Of 39 TCC non-diploid pattern was recognized in 50% of grade 1 cases, 73% of grade 2 cases and 100% of grade 3 cases. DNA ploidy was strictly correlated with histological grading in TCC. DNA non-diploid pattern was present in 67% of papillary tumors, 87.5% of non-papillary tumors and 100% in CIS. In diploid pattern 2 of 7 cases with grade 1 and 2 of 4 cases with grade 2 recurred. In non-diploid pattern 1 of 4 cases with grade 1, 4 of 10 cases with grade 2 and 4 of 6 cases with grade 3 recurred. There was no significant correlation between diploid and non-diploid pattern in grade 1, 2, 3. CONCLUSION: Image cytometric DNA analysis may be useful in addition to the classic and prognostic parameters of stage and grade, especially in TCC. The differences between image analysis system and flow cytometric analysis for DNA measurement were discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Lectin histochemical evaluation of glycoconjugates in dog efferent ductules.

Glycoconjugates in the epithelial cells of the efferent ductules in the dog were investigated using lectin histochemistry. These ductules connect the extratesticular rete with the epididymis. The epithelium of the ductules consisted both of ciliated and nonciliated cells. Whereas the apical zone of ciliated cells showed selective binding with WGA, SWGA, SNA, MAA and neuraminidase-PNA, that of nonciliated cells bound to all lectins used in the present study: WGA, SWGA, SNA, MAA, PNA, neuraminidase-PNA, RCA1, DBA and SBA. The nonciliated cells were divided into 3 types: type A cells which lacked both specific granules and vacuoles, type B cells which were characterised by a few specific apical vacuoles and many large specific granules, and type C cells which were characterised by some specific apical vacuoles and small basal granules. The specific granules and vacuoles of type B cells showed binding with WGA, SWGA and MAA. The specific granules of type C cells showed binding with WGA, SWGA, SNA, MAA, PNA and neuraminidase-PNA, while their specific vacuoles showed binding with WGA, SWGA, SNA and MAA. The Golgi zone both of ciliated and type A cells did not bind with any lectins used in this study, while type B and C cells showed similar lectin binding patterns between the Golgi zone and their specific granules. Specific lectin binding patterns revealed a different carbohydrate composition of each type of cell, indicating a biological difference between the ciliated cells and the 3 types of nonciliated cells in dog efferent ductules.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Mutation analysis of the BRCA1 gene in ovarian cancers.

Germline mutations of the BRCA1 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 17q are involved in a significant fraction of hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. Allelic deletions that include the BRCA1 locus are common in breast and ovarian cancers, implying that somatic mutations of this gene may play an important role in the more common sporadic forms of these tumors as well. The recent cloning of BRCA1 allows direct testing of this hypothesis. A combination of single strand conformation and sequencing analyses was used to examine the 22 coding exons and intronic splice donor and acceptor regions of BRCA1 for mutations in 115 unselected cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Seven mutations were identified, all of which were present in the germlines of patients with remarkable family or medical histories of breast and/or ovarian cancer. Eighty-nine of these tumors were examined for loss of heterozygosity in the BRCA1 region of chromosome 17q, and 67% of the tumors studied exhibited allelic deletions that included this region. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that BRCA1 mutations are involved in the etiology of hereditary ovarian carcinomas but occur rarely in sporadic tumors, and that the frequent allelic loss on chromosome 17q in this cancer type reflects the involvement of an additional tumor suppressor gene(s).

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Prevalence of androgen receptor gene mutations in latent prostatic carcinomas from Japanese men.

The incidence rate of clinically apparent prostatic carcinoma is 8-fold higher in the United States than in Japan, while the prevalence of latent prostatic carcinoma, a presumed precursor to clinical carcinoma, is similar in the two countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that this profound difference in incidence rates of clinical carcinoma reflects distinct profiles of molecular genetic alterations in the latent precursor lesions that occur in the two countries. A significant fraction of latent carcinomas from Japanese men were found to contain inactivating mutations of the androgen receptor gene, while no such mutations were found in latent carcinomas from American men. No mutations were found in clinical carcinomas from either country. These data offer a potential molecular genetic explanation that may partially account for the distinct prostatic carcinoma incidence rates in these two populations.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

A clinical and immunohistochemical study of papillary adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Clinical and immunohistochemical studies were conducted to evaluate prostatic papillary adenocarcinoma and prostatic papillary hyperplasia. Subjects consisted of 5 cases of papillary adenocarcinoma and 2 cases of papillary hyperplasia. There is no conclusive clinical factor for preoperative diagnosis, but we attach importance to endoscopic findings. PSA, PAP, high molecular weight cytokeratin, and PCNA were evaluated immunohistochemically. PSA became positive in every instance but one--a case of papillary adenocarcinoma which became +/-. PAP was + in all cases, except for 1 case of papillary adenocarcinoma. Basal cells were positive for high molecular weight cytokeratin in 2 cases of papillary hyperplasia but were missing in papillary adenocarcinoma. Although PCNA was free from positive nuclei in papillary hyperplasia, positive nuclei were found in all cases of papillary adenocarcinoma. Considering these immunohistochemical results, papillary adenocarcinoma can be said to originate in the glandular epithelium of the prostate, as does ordinary prostatic carcinoma.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1995

Antigenicities of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, lysozyme, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin on macrophages of genitourinary malacoplakia.

Seven cases of genito-urinary malacoplakia were analyzed histologically, ultrastructurally and immunohistochemically in a comparison with two cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Immunohistochemically, von Hansemann cells and Michaelis-Guttmann bodies, both hallmarks for the diagnosis of malacoplakia, showed a common antigenicity for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli as cytoplasmic granules of varying sizes. These microscopic manifestations corresponded ultrastructurally to a series of phagolysosomal degradations of coliform bacilli. Serogroups against E. coli OK antigens, which were positive for malacoplakic cells, were not confined to a particular group. Macrophages of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis did not show the E. coli antigenicity. Antigenicity of lysozyme and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin on the von Hansemann cells was equivocal, but these enzymes were strongly positive on macrophages of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. The macrophages of both malacoplakia and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis were positive for antihuman macrophage antibody. These results indicate that malacoplakia depends mainly on infection by a non-specific strain of enteropathogenic E. coli and may arise from defective digestive enzyme activity of infiltrating macrophages. Immunohistochemical analysis using antisera against E. coli OK antigens, lysozyme and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin was useful in identifying the prediagnostic stage of malacoplakia and in differentiating the lesion from xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Nuclear bodies appearance rate in canine testicular Sertoli cell tumor.

A number of nuclear bodies (NB) were observed in the canine testicular Sertoli cell tumors (SCT). We statistically examined nineteen cases of canine SCT concerning the NB appearance rate (NBAR), and also examined the NBAR in four cases of the normal testicular Sertoli cells. The mean value of the total number of the NBAR of SCT was significantly higher than that of normal Sertoli cells. The SCT were classified into three groups according to the Nielsen and Lein's histological classification (1974): intratubular SCT without invasion, intratubular SCT with invasion, and diffuse type SCT. The mean value of NBAR of the diffuse type SCT was significantly higher than that of the intratubular SCT with and without invasion, and there was no significant difference between the mean values of NBAR of the latter two groups. The distribution of NBAR of the diffuse type SCT was significantly different from that of the intratubular SCT with and without invasion. On the other hand, the individual differences of NBAR of the diffuse type SCT and the intratubular SCT with invasion was significantly higher than that of the intratubular SCT without invasion. The present study suggests that the increase of NBAR in canine SCT might be correlated with the tumor invasive progression.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Observer disagreement in histological classification of ovarian tumors in Japan.

Histological slides of 789 cases of ovarian tumor registered by the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group, sponsored by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan, were reviewed by three certified pathologists in order to evaluate the observer disagreement among the pathologists and the reproducibility of the histological classification. In 53.0% of the cases, all observers agreed upon the diagnosis. At least two of them agreed in 88.4% of the cases. The observer disagreement was highest for low potential malignancy (borderline malignancy) tumors (44.4%), including serous, mucinous, and endometrioid tumors. The results of the study clearly indicate the necessity of establishing a slide review system in order to obtain reliable data for comparative research. Moreover, the histological criteria, especially of tumors of borderline malignancy, should be more clearly defined to obtain high reproducibility of ovarian tumor diagnosis.

Carcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the p53 gene in paraffin-embedded surgical material from human renal cell carcinomas.

p53 tumour suppressor gene mutations were studied in 118 renal cell carcinomas using paraffin-embedded surgical material. Optimal results were obtained with analysis of exon lengths between 150 and 200 base pairs for polymerase chain reaction. Single strand conformation polymorphism and sequencing analysis revealed only two point mutations (2/118, 2%): one involving codon 135; TGC-->TTC (cysteine-->phenylalanine) and the other codon 175; CGC-->CAC (arginine-->histidine). Both of these cases were classified as granular cell subtype on microscopic observation. The data suggest that the p53 tumour suppressor gene is not related to tumour initiation, promotion, or progression of renal cell carcinomas. However, there is the possibility that granular cell type carcinomas may have a different genetic background from clear cell type renal neoplasms.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Muscular composition of the gastric groove in the golden hamster.

The golden hamster possesses a forestomach and a glandular stomach. The gastric groove connects the cardia to the glandular stomach and is situated on the lesser curvature of the stomach. The constitution of the muscle fibers in the gastric groove was investigated. The gastric groove consisted of two lips and a groove floor. The muscle coat of the lips was composed of a mixture of smooth and striated muscle fibers. The smooth muscle fibers were components of the cardiac muscle loop. The striated muscle fibers were extensions from the esophageal inner circular muscle layer, and invaded about half the length of the lips. The muscle coat of the groove floor consisted of an inner circular muscle layer made up of smooth muscle fibers, and the outer longitudinal muscle layer of the striated muscle fibers extended from the esophageal outer longitudinal muscle layer. The present study revealed that the muscle coat of the gastric groove in the golden hamster was composed of smooth and striated muscle fibers, and that these striated muscle fibers were extensions of the esophageal muscle coat.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Tumour angiogenesis in latent prostatic carcinoma.

Unrestrained growth of various malignant tumours has been shown to depend upon a critical number of tumour cells which have switched to the angiogenic phenotype. Angiogenic phenotypes were noted in the early stage of prostatic carcinoma (PCa). We investigated 65 cases of latent PCa to define the correlation between tumour angiogenesis and tumour volume. Tumour angiogenesis was determined by the blood capillary density ratio (BCDR) evaluated by a colour image analysis system. Using experimental regression analysis, the correlation between the BCDR and PCa volume was divisible into two distinct stages. When the PCa showed a volume of more than 83 mm3, there was a significant positive correlation between the BCDR and PCa volume (rS-test P < 0.001). However, when the PCa showed a volume of less than 83 mm3, the BCDR remained at a low level which did not change until larger volumes were present (rS-test, NS; ANOVA, NS). The present study suggested that latent PCa showing a volume of less than 83 mm3 would be 'early' indolent carcinoma which, on undergoing additional events concerning tumour angiogenesis, would assume more aggressive growth.

Autopsy↗

PubMed1994

Prognostic significance of histopathological subtypes in stage I pure yolk sac tumour of the ovary.

The correlation between histological subtype [endodermal sinus (ES), polyvesicular vitelline (PV), glandular (G) and hepatoid (H) subtypes] and the prognosis of pure yolk sac tumours (YSTs) of the ovary was investigated. From 1964 to 1989, 35 patients with YSTs were treated with primary surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The prevalence of histological subtypes was as follows: 14 patients had a single subtype, either ES (12) or G (2); 12 patients had two subtypes, ES+G (4), ES+PV (3), ES+H (4) or G+H (1); six patients had three subtypes, ES+P+H (4) or ES+G+H (2); and three patients had all four subtypes. Multivariate analysis showed that important predictors were FIGO stage, chemotherapeutic regimen and residual tumour size. However, for stage I, multivariate analysis showed that the histological subtype was a superior predictor to the subclassification of FIGO stage I, age or chemotherapeutic regimen (P = 0.03). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that YSTs composed of an admixture of three or four subtypes was associated with a better prognosis than those composed of one or two subtypes (P < 0.01), other variables being constant.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Coexpression of different cytokeratins, vimentin and desmin in the rete testis and epididymis in the dog.

The expression patterns of low and high molecular weight cytokeratins (LCK and HCK) vimentin and desmin were investigated by immunocytochemistry in the rete testis and epididymis in the dog. The epithelium of the rete testis displayed coexpression of LCK, vimentin and desmin. The epithelium of the efferent ductules was composed of ciliated and nonciliated cells; the ciliated cells expressed LCK strongly. The epithelium of the epididymal duct was composed of principal, apical and basal cells. Principal cells in the duct of the head of the epididymis displayed LCK and vimentin, with a predominance of LCK in the apical cytoplasmic regions and vimentin in the basal portions of the cells. Expression of vimentin in the principal cells decreased towards the body of the epididymis and disappeared in the tail region, where LCK remained unchanged. Apical cells of the epididymal duct expressed LCK. Basal cells in the duct of the head and body of the epididymis showed LCK and those of the duct of the body of the epididymis also HCK expression.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

[Study on the establishment of erythropoietin producing human renal cell carcinoma heterotransplanted to nude mice].

We conducted the establishment of erythropoietin (Epo) producing human renal cell carcinoma heterotransplanted in nude mice (JRC 901) and analysed its histopathological and biological characteristics. Regarding to histopathological analysis, JRC 901 showed renal cell carcinoma with granular cell subtype, alveolar pattern and grade II malignancy. In an effort to the electron microscopic analysis, JRC 901 showed renal cell carcinoma with microvilli, rich lipid droplets and mitochondria. As to the tumour doubling time, the JRC 901 showed 14.81 days in a logarithmic phase. As to the karyotype, the JRC 901 showed human, 46, XY, -11, 8p+, 17q-, +mar. After tumour inoculation to the nude mice, the blood level of Epo increased at 5 weeks, and its level reached at 485.2 mU/ml at 12 weeks after tumour inoculation. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining using anti-Epo showed positive staining within cytoplasm of JRC 901. Moreover, the production of Epo was observed in the level of mRNA (264 bp) using RT-PCR method. We conclude that the JRC 901 is a human renal cell carcinoma heterotransplantable to nude mice and this tumour produce the Epo after tumour inoculation to nude mice.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Confronting cisternae in canine testicular seminoma: special reference to appearance rate.

A number of confronting cisternae (CC) were found in canine testicular seminomas (SEM). The CC consisted of two or three closely attached cisternae separated by an electron-dense layer, but occasionally four or more cisternae were stacked in a similar fashion. They showed a short, straight, and direct continuity with the rER or the nuclear envelope. They were found in SEM cells of both interphase and mitotic stages. We statistically examined 18 cases of canine SEM concerning the CC appearance rate in interphase cells (CCARI) and in mitotic cells (CCARM), and the tumor mitotic index (TMI). The SEM were classified into three groups (intratubular SEM without invasion, intratubular SEM with invasion, and diffuse type SEM) using Nielsen and Lein's classification (1974). The CCARI and TMI of the diffuse type SEM were significantly higher than those of the intratubular SEM with invasion, and those of the latter group were significantly higher than those of the intratubular SEM without invasion. On the other hand, the CCARM were similar between these three groups, and this parameter showed a non-significant correlation with the TMI. The present study suggests that the increase in the number of CC in interphase canine SEM cells might be correlated with the tumor progression.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Cytofluorometric analysis of spermatocytic seminoma.

Whether spermatocytic seminoma (SS) develops during meiosis or not is still controversial. To determine that, the DNA content of large, small, and intermediate cells of SS was measured by cytofluorometry to obtain DNA histograms for each cell type. The large cells were aneuploid and showed cell cycles with G0/G1 DNA values from 3C to 18C. The ploidy of the large cells doubled stepwise (i.e., 4.5C-9C-18C, 3C-6C-12C, and so forth). The small cells showed distinct cell cycles with a DNA content of 2C or near 2C, and the intermediate cells showed both diploid and aneuploid DNA values. It is speculated that none of the cell types is involved in meiosis, based on the fact that each size of cell appears to have its own cell division cycle. It is concluded that in SS, the diploid cell cycle formation by small cells and the creation of large cells by continuous sequential polyploidization result in the morphologic expression of three types of cells (large, small, intermediate).

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Mutation of the Ki-ras protooncogene in human endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma.

Previous studies have demonstrated that some human endometrial carcinomas contain an activating point mutation in codon 12 of the Ki-ras protooncogene. To examine the hypothesis that this mutation may occur at an earlier stage of neoplastic progression in the endometrium, we analyzed 89 samples of premalignant endometrial hyperplasia and an additional 84 samples of endometrial carcinoma for point mutations of Ki-ras codon 12. Mutations were found in all three types of endometrial hyperplasia, simple, complex, and atypical, with no clear evidence of a differential distribution in any particular type. Furthermore, the overall incidence of Ki-ras mutations in the hyperplasia specimens (16%) was similar to the incidence detected in carcinomas (18%), indicating that ras mutation may represent an early event in a subset of endometrial carcinomas. When the tissue samples were segregated as to country of origin, the frequency of this mutation was approximately 2-fold higher in hyperplasia and carcinoma samples from Japan than from the United States, where the incidence, clinicopathological characteristics, and risk factors for endometrial carcinoma differ dramatically. There was no apparent correlation, however, between ras mutation and any pathological, histological, or clinical parameter examined, except survival. The presence of a ras mutation was inversely associated with death from disease, suggesting that this molecular feature may characterize a subset of endometrial carcinomas with a good prognosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Endothelial-pericyte interdigitations in rat subcutaneous disc implanted angiogenesis.

Cytoplasmic interdigitations between the endothelial cells and pericytes (CIDEP) consist of a pericyte cytoplasmic projection and corresponding endothelial indentation. These are frequently present at the angiogenic sites. We have ultrastructurally examined CIDEP numbers at angiogenic sites induced by a polyvinyl alcohol foam disc implanted subcutaneously in rats. On Day 3 after implantation, the CIDEP number per endothelial cell and pericyte was similar to that of normal subcutaneous tissue, and then increased sharply with time to peak on Day 10. After this, it decreased, and on Day 30 was similar to that of normal subcutaneous tissue. The capillary density on Day 3 was significantly lower than that of normal subcutaneous tissue, increasing to peak on Day 7, and then decreasing with time. Until Day 7, capillary size was significantly smaller than in normal subcutaneous tissue, then increased with time. On Day 10, the number of endothelial cells significantly decreased, and that of pericytes significantly increased. The present study indicated that the predominant CIDEP distribution was observed on Day 10 following the active vascular proliferation stage on Day 7 and was concomitant with a decline in the number of the endothelial cells and an increase in the number of the pericytes.

Animals↗