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Biomedical subjects

M Furusawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Furusawa.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Partial hepatic resection under intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion in patients with chronic liver disease.

A partial hepatic resection was performed in 13 patients with chronic liver disease using intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion. Eleven patients had liver cirrhosis and two had chronic hepatitis. Seven patients were classified as Child's grade A and six as Child's grade B before operation. Dissection of the hepatic parenchyma was performed during intermittent inflow occlusion. The time of clamping and declamping was 10-20 min and 5-8 min, respectively. Postoperative data on liver function showed recovery to preoperative levels by about 10 days after operation. There were no life-threatening complications. These results indicate that intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion can be achieved easily and safely to allow non-anatomical resection in patients with chronic liver disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Attenuation of sound by schooling fish.

Attenuation of sound by schooling fish was measured or estimated for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata), sea bream (Pagrus major), and spotted mackerel (Scomber australasicus) in culture nets and a net cage. The results, along with those of other researchers, are normalized to obtain extinction cross sections per 2/3 power of the body weight. In the normalized cross sections there are no large differences among fish species, sizes, and measuring methods. The attenuation increases slightly with the frequency. Attenuations to be encountered in field observations by echo sounders are estimated and the results reveal that ordinary fish schools do not attenuate sound significantly.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of in vitro anticancer chemosensitivity between human squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

The chemosensitivities of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tissues from the head and neck area were compared to findings of adenocarcinoma, mainly from digestive organs. The sensitivity of each tissue was determined using the in vitro succinate dehydrogenase (SD) inhibition test, which shares a common principle with the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Tumor tissues were obtained at surgery or biopsy. Anticancer drugs tested were carboquone, Adriamycin, mitomycin C, cisplatin (CDDP), aclacinomycin A, 5-fluorouracil and 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil with 10 times the peak plasma concentration, respectively. The means +/- standard deviations of SD activities in SCC tissues were significantly lower than those in adenocarcinoma tissues (p less than 0.001), and the sensitivity rates of SD activity in SCC tissues had a higher value than those in adenocarcinoma tissues (p less than 0.05), against each drug. Our study showed that CDDP-based combination regimens might be effective for SCC tissues. The chemosensitivity of each excised tissue should be tested, in order to prescribe sensitive, effective drugs for each patient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Radionuclide therapy of Sipple syndrome using iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine].

A 40-year-old female who had lung and liver metastases from malignant pheochromocytoma was treated with 3.7 GBq 131I-MIBG (metaiodobenzylguanidine). After the treatment, 131I-MIBG showed increased uptake in the metastatic lesions of the lung and liver. The size of tumor was no significant change on CT and MRI, but the intensity of liver metastases decreased gradually on MRI. Prior to the treatment, the levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline were high. One to three days after treatment, the level of these laboratory data further increased, but they gradually decreased in 1 to 3 months. These changes may be due to necrosis of tumor tissue.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1992

Morphological factors aid in therapeutic decisions concerning gastric adenomas.

The morphology of 73 gastric adenomas and 134 protruded early gastric carcinomas was studied. Most adenomas were less than 2 cm in diameter (76.7%), while protruded lesions larger than 2 cm were more frequently early cancers (P less than 0.01). Adenomas larger than 4 cm in diameter usually contained foci of adenocarcinoma (83.3%). Flat or depressed adenomas were rare (6.8%). Protruded adenomas were compared with protruded early cancers. The superficial elevated adenoma was common, and the combined superficial elevated and superficial depressed form (IIa + IIc) was frequent in early cancer (P less than 0.001). A smooth surface was more common in adenoma (P less than 0.05), and erosion or ulcer more frequent in early cancer (P less than 0.01). Pale color was more common in adenoma (P less than 0.001), while areas of red were more frequent in early cancer (P less than 0.001). Gastric adenomas more than 2 cm, especially those more than 4 cm, in diameter, with flat or depressed or IIa + IIc morphology, with surface erosion or ulcer, and/or areas of red are likely to contain to cancer and should be treated aggressively.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

[A phase I study on a weekly schedule of DWA2114R].

A phase I study on a weekly schedule of DWA 2114R, a new platinum analogue, was conducted in 21 patients with various tumor types by clinical groups at 10 institutions. Nineteen of the 21 patients entered in this study were evaluable. The starting dose was 200 mg/m2 (1 n) administered intravenously for 1 hr and gradually escalated stepwise to 700 mg/m2 (3.5 n). The dose limiting factor (DLF) was leukocytopenia, especially neutropenia and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 700 mg/m2. The major clinical toxicity was gastrointestinal. Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity were mild. Ototoxicity and cardiac failure did not emerge. Following administration of the drug, total platinum (Pt) showed a biphasic decay and AUC of total Pt was dependent on the dose. Excretion into urine 24 hr was between 42.6 and 100% of the administered platinum. The recommended dose of phase II study on a weekly schedule was 600 mg/m2, repeated every 2 or 3 weeks and administered via intravenous within drip infusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated with adenocarcinoma of the cecum and focal carcinomas in hamartomatous polyps of the colon: a case report.

We report herein a case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated with an adenocarcinoma of the cecum and four focal cancers arising in hamartomatous polyps of the colon. There were a total 27 polyps in the intestine; 4 in the small intestine and the rest in the large intestine. The hamartomatous polyps in which the 4 focal cancers were found showed no component of adenoma, and the other polyps removed from the colon and small intestine at the same time were all hamartomas with no evidence of dysplasia or malignancy. This case was rare in that multiple focal cancers may have arisen directly from the hamartomous polyps of the colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Clinico-pathological studies on the tissue reactions of human pulp treated with various kinds of calcium phosphate ceramics.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical values of calcium phosphate ceramics from the biological point of view. Two kinds of calcium phosphate ceramics, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) ceramics with a low sintering temperature (LT) and a high sintering temperature (HT), were applied to exposed pulp wounds in ninety healthy human teeth. Each group was further subdivided into 2 groups with selected granule diameters of 5 microns (S) and 40 microns (L), and investigated clinico-pathologically. Clinically, cases showing some kinds of discomfort symptoms comprised 3/15 of the TCP (S) group, 3/15 of the TCP(L) group, 3/15 of the LT(S) group, 4/15 of the LT(L) group, 2/15 of the HT(S) group, and 3/15 of the HT(L) group. The symptoms were generally slight or very slight and disappeared within eight days in the LT(S) group. Histo-pathologically, inflammatory reactions were observed within 2 weeks. Traumatic injury caused by surgical wound or by mechanical irritation from the materials produced various pathological changes. After the treatment, pulp manifested reparative changes such as cicatrization, formation of new denticles, and dentin apposition on pulp-chamber walls. In many cases, TCP and HAP produced similar effects on human dental pulp. In the TCP(S), the LT(S), and HT(S) groups, a calcified matrix had appended by 3 weeks. In TCP(L), LT(L), and HT(L) groups, the matrix had appended from 3 to 6 weeks. Calcified matrix formation in the LT group was slightly less than in that in the HT of HAP group. In a few cases, complete dentin bridges formed over the exposed pulp surfaces. These results suggest that HAP (both LT and HT) and TCP ceramics are biocompatible and do not harm human dental pulp. These ceramics were found to be clinicopathologically effective in biologically protecting exposed human dental pulp and useful as basic materials in endodontic therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The effects of lowering of blood pressure on pain sensitivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats].

It has been reported that elevation of blood pressure produces a reduction in pain sensitivity. This study was designed to clarify the correlation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) between fall in blood pressure and pain sensitivity. In seven-weeks-old male SHR, the angiotensin converting inhibitor delapril (10 mg/kg/day) or calcium antagonist nifedipine (3 mg/kg/day) was administered orally every day for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) pretreatment was significantly higher in the SHR than in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and pain sensitivity measured with the hot plate method was significantly lower in the SHR than in the WKY rats. Administration of both drugs produced a significant suppression of elevation of SBP, and produced a significant elevation of pain sensitivity. Furthermore, at 8 weeks after drug administration, urinary norepinephrine (UNE) significantly decreased and plasma beta-endorphin (beta-end) significantly increased. A significant correlation was noted between pain sensitivity and SBP and also between pain sensitivity and UNE. Of these, pain sensitivity was the more closely correlated to degree of change in UNE than to degree of change in SBP. It appears that elevation of pain sensitivity is due to suppression of the sympathetic nervous system by antihypertensive drugs, but not to elevation of beta-end levels. These data suggest that a fall in blood pressure through administration of delapril or nifedipine reverses decrease in pain sensitivity in SHR and that decrease in sympathetic tone plays an important role in the restoration of levels of sensitivity to pain.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Pharmacokinetics of netilmicin in patients after abdominal surgery].

The pharmacokinetics of netilmicin (NTL) was examined in normal volunteers and patients after abdominal surgery who received a single administration of 100 mg, intramuscularly (i.m.) or intravenously (d.i.v.) over 30 or 60 minutes. In postoperative patients, the serum half life after i.m. or d.i.v. was increased, and absorption after i.m. was delayed compared to those in normal volunteers. No large differences between normal volunteers and postoperative patients were found in peak serum levels. The clearance of NTL from circulation was so rapid that the serum level decreased to below 1.0 micrograms/ml at 8 hours after administration. Renal functions were monitored after abdominal surgery in 116 patients who received NTL at a dose of 200 mg daily for 3-13 days by i.m. or d.i.v. Slight increases in serum creatinine were observed in only 2 patients after i.m., but not after d.i.v. From these results, intravenous infusion over 30 or 60 minutes of NTL seemed safe and effective for the prevention of postoperative infections after abdominal surgery.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1991

Hepatic recurrence not prevented with low-dosage long-term intraportal 5-FU infusion after resection of colorectal liver metastasis.

Seventeen patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver underwent hepatic resection. For five we prescribed adjuvant therapy which included intraportal mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and consecutive oral administrations of tegafur (N1-(2'-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil), in an attempt to reduce recurrences in the liver. Intraportal chemotherapy consisted of low-dosage, long-term 5-FU infusion, 40 days at 250 mg/day, and a 10 mg bolus injection of MMC at the start and the end of continuous 5-FU infusion. With regard to postoperative events in patients given the infusion therapy, there was no hepatotoxicity or hematologic toxicity, no mechanical complications and no pain or vomiting. Two of five patients given infusion therapy and six of 12 not given the therapy died within 5 years after surgery. There was recurrence in the liver in two patients given infusion therapy and in four not given the therapy. Although low-dosage, long-term intraportal chemotherapy is a safe treatment given hopefully to prevent hepatic recurrence, we found no beneficial effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

In vitro and in vivo effects of protein phosphatase inhibitors, microcystins and nodularin, on mouse skin and fibroblasts.

Three microcystins, YR, LR and RR and nodularin, all of which are hepatotoxic compounds, inhibited dose-dependently the activity of protein phosphatase 2A in and the specific [3H]okadaic acid binding to a cytosolic fraction of mouse skin, as strongly as okadaic acid. However, microcytins and nodularin did not induce any effects on mouse skin or primary human fibroblasts. Microinjection of microcystin YR into primary human fibroblasts induced morphological changes which were induced by incubation with okadaic acid. Microcystins and nodularin penetrate into the epithelial cells of mouse skin and human fibroblasts with difficulty, which reflects tissue specificity of the compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A rectal carcinoid tumor of less than 1 cm in diameter with lymph node metastasis: a case report and a review of the literature.

We report herein, a patient with a rectal carcinoid tumor of less than 1 cm in diameter with lymph node metastasis, and discuss a surgical policy for these lesions with reference to other such cases reported in the literature. A 40 year old female was admitted with a rectal mass and colonoscopy revealed a subpedunculated lesion, 1 cm in diameter, with a depression in its tip. A diagnosis of carcinoid was made by biopsy and transsacral excision performed. The excised specimen revealed a subpedunculated lesion measuring 7 X 6 X 6 mm with a central depression. The tumor was histologically confined to the submucosa but lymphatic invasion with pararectal lymph node involvement was observed. A radical proctectomy was thus performed. The incidence of metastasis from rectal carcinoids with a diameter of 1 cm or less is very low ranging from 1.5 to 3.4 per cent, and it therefore seems that most lesions of 1 cm or less in diameter can be treated by local excision alone. Thus, although it is recommended that local excision be performed first to determine the extent of spread, lymphatic vessel invasion and lymph node metastasis, radical surgery is indicated if lymphatic invasion or nodal involvement is present, even when muscle invasion is absent.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A fluoroquinolone (DR-3355) protects human lymphocyte cell lines from HIV-1-induced cytotoxicity.

HIV-1 infection of human CD4+ lymphocyte cell lines results in cell death. Treatment, but not pretreatment, of infected cells, with a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, DR-3355, protects a significant subfraction of cells from HIV-1-mediated cytolysis. All surviving cells have lost expression of the CD4 antigen, but do (MT-4) or do not (CEM) express viral antigens and produce infective virus. The rescued CEM and MT-4 cells are phenotypically stable and do not require continuous exposure to the drug for survival.

CD4 Antigens↗
PubMed1990

Proposed distal margin for resection of rectal cancer.

To determine the adequate distal margin, particularly from the point of extent of lymph node metastasis, 2,333 lymph nodes from 44 patients with rectal carcinoma were evaluated, using a clearing method. The tumors were divided into two growth patterns; infiltrative and localized. Lymph node metastasis was histo-pathologically examined with special attention focused on nodes on the distal side of the tumor. The intramural spread was also given attention. The proximal pararectal lymph nodes often contained malignant cells, whereas the distal ones were rarely involved, and if involved, they were present within 1 cm from the tumor. Pararectal lymph node metastasis and intramural spread were seen with a range of 1 cm and 0.5 cm, respectively, in the localized type and 1 cm and 2.1 cm, respectively in the infiltrative type. Based on these findings, the distal margin for surgical resection of rectal carcinoma is considered to be 2 cm for the localized type and 3 cm for the infiltrative type.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Fluoroquinolones protect the human lymphocyte CEM cell line from HIV-1-mediated cytotoxicity.

Infection of the human lymphocyte CEM cell line with the HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus-1, LAV-1 strain) results in cell death. A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, ofloxacin, protected the infected cells from HIV-1-mediated cytolysis. Other fluoroquinolones, e.g. ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and enoxacin, also protected the infected cells from HIV-1-mediated cytolysis. The d-isomer of ofloxacin (DR-3354) was about 50-fold less effective than the l-isomer (DR-3355). Almost none of the rescued cells had detectable HIV-antigens and they could be maintained for long periods in vitro without drugs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

In vitro augmentation of macrophage-activating-factor release from peripheral blood cells of cancer patients by a DNA fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG.

Effect of a DNA-rich fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG (MY-1) on the macrophage-activating-factor (MAF)-activity release from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of patients with benign diseases and patients with gastric cancer or colorectal cancer was studied in vitro. The MAF activity was augmented by the addition of 10 micrograms/ml of MY-1 in many cases. Augmentation of the MAF activity in benign disease, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer in stages I to III was observed in five of six cases, eight of 10 cases and five of eight cases, respectively. The activity of MY-1-induced MAF was partially abolished by the treatment with monoclonal anti-interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) antibody. These results suggest that MY-1 augments MAF-activity release from PBL by inducing IFN-gamma and other MAF-like substances.

DNA, Bacterial↗