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Biomedical subjects

M G Kataev

Publications and source records attributed to M G Kataev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Potentialities of conservative and surgical treatment of patients with congenital microphthalmia and anophthalmia].

Congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia were responsible for 1.7-1.8% cases of all cases treated at laboratory of plastic surgery and ocular prostheses. Clinical picture of the condition is described. The philosophy of rehabilitation of patients with congenital anophthalmia and microphthalmia is as follows: 1) no operations during the first years of life; 2) early staged fitting with prostheses; 3) surgical treatment in older age, when the resources of conservative extension of the cavity are exhausted. The authors emphasize that active conservative treatment should be preferred. Method for nonsurgical extension of the conjunctival cavity by staged insertion of prostheses is described. Positive and negative aspects of surgical treatments are discussed. The authors emphasize that surgical activity in early age is extremely harmful. Results of surgical treatment of 27 patients are presented. The patients were divided into 2 groups differing by the tasks of surgery: repair of consequences of previous operations (59.2% cases) and typical correction of the eye lids (40.8%). Clinical examples are offered.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Postradiation atrophy of anophthalmic orbit after treatment of retinoblastoma. System of surgical rehabilitation].

A system of surgical treatment of patients with radiation atrophy of orbital tissues has been developed in order to attain a stable position of the prosthesis in the cavity and improve the patients' appearances. A total of 366 interventions were performed in 242 patients. The operations were as follows: formation of conjunctival cavity by autotransplants of the mucosa from the lips (242), delayed plasty of the stump (81), contour plasty of the temple and external edge of the orbit (32), correction of eyelids (11). Single-stage treatment was carried out in 156 patients and 2-7 stages in 86 patients. Positive results were attained in all cases: the depth of the vault increased, lagophthalmos decreased, falling-in defect of prosthesis, eyelids, and temple were reduced, and stable position of the prosthesis in the cavity was attained. Surgical treatment of this condition differs greatly from plastic repair for other diseases because of changes in tissues after radiotherapy. Functional and cosmetic rehabilitation of patients with postradiation atrophy of orbital tissues after treatment of retinoblastoma with good effect can be attained only by staged surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[New methods of measuring the mobility of ocular prosthesis in anophthalmia and their comparative study].

Methods for measuring the mobility of ocular prostheses in patients with anophthalmia were developed and compared between each other and with the traditional Forster method for measuring the prosthesis mobility along perimeter. The most accurate method is measurement of the angle tangent (method No. 3), while Forster measurement is the least accurate and most subjective. The most rapid method is making use of millimeter pattern, which can be used in early terms after surgery in adults and children. All methods are convenient, simple, and require no special training.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dependence of mobility of an eye prosthesis on the method of rectus muscle fixation].

The relationship between the mobility of eye prosthesis and method of musculus rectus fixation was investigated. The results indicate that fixation of the muscles to subconjunctival tissues allows the best mobility of the eye prosthesis. This method of musculus rectus fixation is most similar to anatomical fixation. In addition, fixation of musculus rectus is essential for configuration and mobility of the conjunctival cavity. Hence, the optimal method for fixation of musculus rectus in order to attain the best mobility of the eye prosthesis and therefore the best cosmetic result can be chosen during enucleation.

Eye, Artificial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical tactics in surgery of medial ruptures of the eyelids].

Consequences of untreated or inadequately treated medial ruptures of the eyelids occur in 4-4.5% of patients consulted at plastic surgery laboratories. The technique of plastic surgery for medial ruptures of the eyelids with due consideration for the type of injury and the anatomy of the face is described. Restoration of the lacrimal canaliculi continuity is achieved by the intubation with a silk thread No. 0, 1, 2 in combination with microsurgical suturing of the injured canaliculus at the site of rupture. The correct shape of the ocular opening is achieved by fixation of the ruptured medial ligature with a -shape suture with due consideration for the shape and height of the bridge of the nose. Twelve patients were operated on within a year, good cosmetic and functional results were achieved in 11. In one patient the continuity of the lacrimal canaliculi could not be restored because they were smashed along 3/4-4/5 of their length. The described method makes use of available instruments and suture material and is recommended for practical ophthalmology.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of strabismus combined with ptosis].

On the basis of examination of 172 patients with strabismus concomitant with ptosis, different clinical forms of the former were defined and their clinical variations were classified. Symptomatology was described for each form. An independent type of false positive ptosis was pointed out. The notion of "positive and negative fixation tests" was introduced. A proper interpretation of the origin of true and false ptosis was presented. Finally, a sequence and tactics of surgical and functional treatment of different clinical presentations of squint concomitant with ptosis are lain down.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Orbital fractures: diagnosis and treatment policy].

The present paper generalizes the tactical principles of the examination and treatment of patients with orbital fractures. The clinical signs of a fracture are evaluated, with emphasis laid on the significant and insignificant symptoms. Routine X-ray study is regarded as an inadequate diagnostic technique, computed tomography is presented as a basic procedure for detecting and detailing the specific features of the fracture. The cases (n = 161) are divided into 5 groups according to the types of fracture. The treatment sequence is defined, by taking into account the severity of injury. The time of reparative operations (early or late) is recommended in terms of the risk for ocular dysfunction. The principles of reparative and compensatory surgical techniques for different types of injuries, mainly by applying bony autografts and Carbotextim, are given.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Histological studies of carbon felt (carbotextim M) in late periods after its orbital implantation].

The authors performed histological studies of a grown carbon felt implant and its adjacent tissues in late postoperative studies. During planned operations (cavity or stump correction), pieces of a grown implant with its adjacent tissues were taken for examination from 25 patients in whom carbon had been earlier implanted during enucleation and delayed stump plastic repair. Morphological studies indicated that mature connective tissue had grown between the fibers of the implant, that a connective tissue capsule had formed around the whole implant, and that there was no inflammatory reaction in both the implant itself and its adjacent tissues. By taking into account the fact that there is a good tissue basis and vascularity, the authors present the results of additional simulation of an implant in late postoperative periods and those of additional correction of the implant's volume.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Childhood ophthalmoplasty].

The paper lays down the basic principles of ophthalmoplastic treatment on the basis of an analysis of the results of treatment and follow-ups of 2300 patients aged 6 months to 18 years who have abnormalities of the orbit and appendages of the eye. Emphasis is laid on the preference of methods for plastic repair, using local tissues, and free autologous grafting of the skin and mucosa. A soft material that is to be easy grown through, such as Carbotextim-carbonic felt, is recommended when contour plastic repair of the orbit is required. For hanging, a mersilene mesh should be employed in case of blepharoptosis. To achieve the better cosmetic results, it is better to operate at the age of more than 4 years; however, treatment should be initiated at the age of 1 year when there are available functional indications (symblepharon, ablepharia, or cryptophthalmus).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current approaches to surgical treatment for cranioorbital injuries].

A hundred and two victims (120 reconstructive operations) with cranioorbital injuries were operated on at the N. N. Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery in different periods after injury in 2000 to 2005. In 69 (67.6%) of the 102 patients (82 operations) bone autografts, mainly calvarial ones (61 operations in 55 victims), were used. The operations were performed, by utilizing both neurosurgical and ophthalmoplastic techniques and up-to-date craniofacial surgical procedures. The basic principle of surgical treatment for cranioorbital injuries was three-dimensional orbital anatomy restoration, such as the stabilization and repair of the orbital rim and one-stage reconstruction of the afflicted walls. Computed tomography provides main information for the efficient planning of a surgical intervention. Optimal cosmetic and functional results are attained when primary reconstructive surgery is made in the acute or early (10-14 days) periods after injury. Secondary cranioorbital reconstructive surgery may be performed in one or several steps in relation to the severity and signs of bone structural injuries and to the state of soft tissues. A bone autograft is the material of choice for repair of all portions of the cranioorbital region.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Significance of topographic diagnosis of foreign bodies situated in the orbit].

Clinical picture of extraocular foreign bodies in the orbit is analyzed in 49 patients, specific features of the diagnosis and treatment of this condition are discussed. Study of the topography of foreign bodies in the orbit has helped distinguish the clinically significant area of fragment localization, areas at a high risk of developing complications, and 'quite' areas. A localizing probe on a space molding was found an effective diagnostic tool. Using this probe, stereotopic localization of a foreign body may be associated with roentgen-negative intraorbital structures, i.e. vessels, nerves, muscles. Topographic location of a foreign body helped explain a considerable vision acuity reduction in relatively transparent media, recurrences of hemorrhages to the fundus oculi, and the type of the pain syndrome. Foreign body removal is indicated in stubborn persistent pain and regressive time course of changes.

Diagnosis, Differential↗