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Biomedical subjects

M Gage

Publications and source records attributed to M Gage.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Interdisciplinary pilot project in a rehabilitation setting.

This project qualitatively evaluated the planning, implementation, and outcome of an interdisciplinary model of clinical education. Expectations of physiotherapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), and speech-language pathology (SLP) students and clinicians were assessed to determine whether the model allowed for the acquisition of the interdisciplinary knowledge and skills needed for current practice. Students from OT (n = 5), PT (n = 3), and SLP (n = 1) undertook normally scheduled five-to-eight-week clinical placements, beginning on the same start date. All students were at intermediate or senior levels in their programs. Discipline-specific activities were supervised by clinical instructors from the disciplines. Interdisciplinary sessions during the first five weeks covered cross-disciplinary activities related to clinical reasoning, interviewing techniques, professionalism, and communication skills for team reporting. Themes related to the clinical experience were derived from student and supervisor responses to pre-and post-placement questionnaires, post-placement focus group interviews, and student journals. The response to the model was positive. The students felt they had gained insights into developing interdisciplinary skills, although they did feel that some discipline-specific needs were not met. The instructors were less enthusiastic but, given better planning and communication before the placement, welcomed the opportunity to try it again.

Canada↗
PubMed1998

From independence to interdependence. Creating synergistic healthcare teams.

As the structure of healthcare institutions changes, nurse administrators frequently are being called on to lead interdisciplinary programs. To be successful in this new health paradigm, teams must strive to create total stakeholder satisfaction by adopting a mindset that work is interdependent, not independent, and then striving to work synergistically. The author presents 12 themes that emerged from a study investigating the essential elements of synergistic team relationships.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1997

Understanding the transition to community living after discharge from an acute care hospital: an exploratory study.

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to obtain patients' experiences in making the transition from an acute care hospital to their homes in the community. METHOD: Data were gathered through group and telephone interviews with a volunteer sample of 27 discharged patients. Analysis involved two stages: categorization of shared themes and interpretation of individual occupational experiences. RESULTS: Informants described their experiences of transition in terms that were analytically categorized as Perceived Self-Efficacy, Resources, Dimensions of Occupation, and Environmental Constraints and Opportunities. Analysis of individual patient transcripts suggests the presence of an hierarchical ordering of desired occupations. CONCLUSION: Understanding patients' perceptions of enabling and disabling experiences has implications for predischarge and postdischarge practice in occupational therapy.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Advertised foods on children's television.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the quantity and nutritional value of foods advertised on children's television following new regulations and an expanded number of networks. RESEARCH DESIGN: Children's television hours were surveyed (with use of a method modeled on previously published studies, for purposes of comparison). SETTING: Seven local network affiliates; all but one are broadcast nationally. RESULTS: Children viewed an average of 21.3 commercials per hour, each lasting an average of 28.6 seconds. Food advertisements accounted for 47.8% of these commercials. Ninety-one percent of advertised foods are high in fat, sugar, and/or salt. Compared with data collected before new regulations and networks, children now watch more numerous but shorter commercials. Cereals and sweet snacks are advertised proportionately less. Processed foods, canned and prepared foods, and dairy products are more frequently advertised. The proportion of foods high in fat, salt, and sugar has not changed. CONCLUSIONS: Commercials advertising unhealthy foods account for a large portion of children's televised viewing time. Current regulations and the incursion of cable networks into the children's television market have not meaningfully impacted the nature or number of food advertisements.

Advertising↗
PubMed1995

Breaking the cycle of aggression.

The continuous quality improvement literature has taught us that it is important to test out theories about the cause of a problem before generating solutions to the problem. The project described in this article illustrates the value of this systematic analysis as it applies to decreasing injuries related to aggressive actions of patients.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Strategic planning: positioning occupational therapy to be proactive in the new health care paradigm.

Strategic planning can be a powerful tool for occupational therapists seeking to position themselves to be leaders in the rapidly changing health care environment. The philosophical base and values of occupational therapy are consistent with those embraced by the emerging health care paradigm. However, occupational therapy staff at Victoria Hospital, an acute care university-affiliated health care institution, identified obstacles to seizing the opportunities offered by this shift in health care. In reviewing the literature, it was discovered that these obstacles were not unique to one particular facility, but were in fact common issues faced by the profession. The strategic planning process described in this paper provided a framework for addressing the identified barriers and positioning occupational therapists to play a proactive role in the evolving health care paradigm.

Hospitals, Teaching↗
PubMed1995

Re-engineering of health care: opportunity or threat for occupational therapists?

The health care system is responding to a paradigm shift from the industrial era to the knowledge society. The rapidly changing administrative structures of some hospitals and increasing numbers of proposals for new models of care are disconcerting for therapists who are used to working in traditional organizational structures and models of care. However, with a broader understanding of the shift that is occurring, it becomes apparent that this paradigm shift is pushing the system toward care practices that are more consistent with occupational therapy practices than those of the traditional medical model. This paper describes the factors influencing the direction of the paradigm shift, the major emerging models of care and organizational structures associated with the paradigm shift, and then discusses the issue of whether the paradigm shift presents a threat or a challenge to occupational therapists.

Canada↗
PubMed1994

The Patient-Driven Interdisciplinary Care Plan.

Given the paradigm shift to patient-focused care, the Patient-Driven Interdisciplinary Care Plan is the next, natural evolutionary step for the healthcare industry. The plan, based on four underlying principles, is presented, along with preliminary impressions of staff members and patients on one pilot unit.

Goals↗
PubMed1994

Enhancing occupational performance through an understanding of perceived self-efficacy.

The construct of perceived self-efficacy, proposed to explain the discrepancy between skill and actual performance, has received widespread attention in the psychological and medical literature. This paper describes the construct in detail, including the difference between self-esteem and perceived self-efficacy, and proposes a goodness of fit with occupational therapy practice. It is postulated that attention to the assessment and monitoring of perceived self-efficacy, along with the use of activities that closely approximate the actual activities to be performed in the community, will result in improved occupational performance and thus, better occupational therapy outcomes. Occupational therapists are challenged to identify and incorporate this construct into their day-to-day clinical programs to enhance treatment outcomes.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Measuring perceived self-efficacy in occupational therapy.

OBJECTIVES: Occupational therapists sometimes observe an alarming discrepancy between the occupational performance skills developed in the clinical setting and the degree to which the client willingly puts these skills to use outside the clinical environment. The literature strongly suggests that perceived self-efficacy partially explains this discrepancy; however, an understanding of perceived self-efficacy has not yet been integrated into the practice of occupational therapy. Both a lack of awareness of the construct and a lack of ability to assess perceived self-efficacy within the occupational performance domain are responsible for this lack of integration into practice. This article presents the development, reliability, and validity testing of a measure of perceived self-efficacy developed particularly for use by occupational therapists, the Self-Efficacy Gauge. METHOD: Reliability and validity testing was performed through use of a mailed survey (n = 126). Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and alternate form reliability were examined. In addition, the subjects' scores on the Gauge were compared to actual performance and a hopelessness scale. RESULTS: The Self-Efficacy Gauge has a reasonable degree of reliability when used on a clinical sample whose perceived self-efficacy for occupational performance activities is unlikely to change. The results also provide preliminary support for the validity of the instrument. CONCLUSION: It is recognized that without a gold standard for comparison, validity testing will be an ongoing need.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

The appraisal model of coping: an assessment and intervention model for occupational therapy.

This paper presents a new synthesis of the coping literature, the Appraisal Model of Coping. It is based largely on the theoretical concepts of the cognitive relational theory of coping and emotion (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984, 1987) and social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1977). The model provides a conceptual template to guide occupational therapy intervention with respect to assisting patients to cope better with the effects of their disease. It explains the influence of many factors that affect the person's ability to cope with the disease process as well as the effect of feedback concerning the efficacy of the coping plan on future coping efforts.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Retention strategy: a clinical ladder for occupational therapists.

This article explores the issue of retention of occupational therapists and its impact on the facility, client, department and the profession. It also describes the use of a clinical ladder as a retention tool and presents the experience of one clinical facility in developing a clinical ladder. The literature, in association with the experience of the aforementioned clinical facility in the development of a clinical ladder in an occupational therapy department, does not provide conclusive evidence of the efficacy of a clinical ladder as a retention tool. However, it does lend enough support for the concept to encourage its further use in occupational therapy departments. There is a need to be creative in the design of retention methodologies which will decrease turn over and attrition from the profession in order to provide a stable pool of personnel to agencies that employ occupational therapists.

Career Mobility↗