PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Galmarini

Publications and source records attributed to M Galmarini.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Characterization of an antigen from rat male accessory glands.

An isolated soluble antigen involved in the autoimmune response against rat male accessory glands migrated as a double band when it was submitted to analytical disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and as a homogeneous molecular species in SDS electrophoresis. The purified antigen had a molecular weight of approximately 78 K by SDS electrophoresis and 80 K by gel filtration chromatography. The antigen was identified as a protein and displays androgen dependency. The purified fraction was pathogenically active in microgram doses and induced humoral and delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. Besides, lesions were observed in the target organ. The cellular infiltration was located in prostate glands according to the localization of antigen by immunofluorescence findings.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Humoral autoimmune response to rat male accessory glands. Comparative specificity studies of auto and heteroantibodies.

A comparison of specific antibodies induced by a saline extract of chemically modified rat male accessory glands (MRAG) in isologous (male and female rats) and heterologous animals (rabbits and a goat) was made. This study was focused on the specificity of the antibodies confronted with saline extract of rat male accessory glands (RAG), their Sephadex G-100 fractions and autoantigen fragments. Specificity studies with Sephadex G-100 fractions of RAG showed that whereas in male rats only the antibodies reactive with Fraction 1 containing autoantigens were detected, one additional population of antibody with different specificity was revealed in female sera. In contrast, antibodies against several other macromolecules were present in heterologous sera. When analyzed for the serum specificity against three enzymatic fragments of autoantigen, the main specificities of male and female sera were different.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Antigen-induced inhibition of autoimmune response to rat male accessory glands.

Pretreatment of rats with low doses of purified fraction of rat male accessory glands (containing the autoantigen) markedly reduced the immune response to autoantigen when animals were subsequently challenged with modified rat male accessory glands in complete Freund's adjuvant. The rats pretreated with low doses of antigen prior to immunization showed marked suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (P less than 0.001) when compared to control animals (pretreated with rat lung saline extract or 0.15 M NaCl). There was also enhancement of migration of macrophages in test male rats, whereas the migration was inhibited in control male rats (P less than 0.01). The stimulation of migration found in the male rats in which the response was inhibited would suggest the presence of a migration stimulation factor, which is considered a marker of suppressor cell activity. Humoral immunity was also reduced. Pretreatment of rats with low doses of the antigen markedly reduced the immune response, probably because of the induction of suppressor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Humoral autoimmune response to rat male accessory glands. Effect of castration on the humoral response.

The ability to induce antibodies to rat male accessory glands in male and female rats was demonstrated, but a higher response with wider specificity was revealed in female animals. In order to investigate whether this different response may be influenced by sexual hormones we castrated male and female rats at 4 or 30 days after birth. After that we studied the course and specificity of their humoral response to male accessory glands comparing them with that of sham-operated, sex-matched, littermate controls. Orchidectomy in male or oophorectomy in female rats changed neither the course nor specificity of humoral immune response. We conclude, therefore, that hormonal factors do not play any important role in the experimental model under study.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Study of autoimmune response to rat male accessory glands in rats born to immune mothers.

Passive transfer of antibody across the placenta or in milk has been thought to have a regulatory effect on the immune responsiveness of young animals. The effect of maternal antibody against rat male accessory glands (MRAG) on the systemic autoimmune responses of rat kits was studied. Serum obtained during the nursing period from female rats immunized with 5 mg/0.5 ml of MRAG or human serum albumin (HSA) emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant before and during pregnancy contained anti-MRAG or anti-HSA, respectively. Kits born to MRAG-immunized dams were intradermally immunized with 5 mg/0.5 ml of MRAG-CFA at 21 and 51 days of age. Control kits from dams immunized with 5 mg/0.5 ml of human serum albumin emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant (HSA-FCA) were similarly immunized with MRAG-FCA. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) studied 13 days after immunization with MRAG given at 21 days of age was significantly reduced only in the male kits born to MRAG-immunized dams compared with that of male kits from HSA-immunized dams (P less than 0.005). This hyporesponsiveness was not found in female kits from dams immunized with MRAG-FCA. The titre of circulating anti-MRAG studied at 65 days of age in kits born to MRAG-immunized dams approximated that in control kits. Antibodies against MRAG passively acquired from MRAG-immunized mothers did not alter the humoral autoimmune response of their kits.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of the immunosuppression in an experimental model of autoimmunity: suppressor activity of spleen cells from cyclophosphamide-treated rats.

Rats immunized with chemically modified rat male accessory glands (MRAG) and injected 3 days later with cyclophosphamide (CY) were unable to develop humoral and cellular immune response to the autoantigen of MRAG. The present report demonstrates that the spleen mononuclear (SpM) cells transference from rats injected with CY 3 days after the antigen to normal male or female syngeneic animals before immunization with MRAG did not suppress the immune response to this antigen, whereas the transference of SpM cells from suppressed animals to animals previously immunized, depressed the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response against MRAG (suppression of the expression) only in male rats. Similar results were obtained by transference of purified T cells. SpM cells did not suppress an established humoral immune response induced in male or female rats. The results suggest that non-adherent cells present in the spleen of male suppressed rats might be one of the responsible mechanisms for suppression of the efferent phase of the cellular autoimmune response to MRAG.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The effect of cyclophosphamide on autoimmune response to rats immunized with modified accessory glands.

It was found that the organ specific hemagglutinating autoantibodies to rat male accessory glands can be suppressed by the injection of a single dose of cyclophosphamide applied 3 days after the first immunization. On the other hand, injection of the drug 3 days before immunization did not modify the response, that is, there were comparable incidence and titers in both treated and the control animals. Cyclophosphamide did not appear to act on the homocytotropic antibodies. These results indicate that cyclophosphamide acts only when it is administered after antigenic stimulation, to suppress hemagglutinating antibodies production.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of rat male accessory glands autoantigens by affinity chromatography.

The autoantigens of rat male accessory glands were isolated by a short procedure which involved 1) immunization of rats with chemically modified rat male accessory glands' saline extract; 2) purification of immunoglobulin G (IgG) from the autoantisera by chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50;3) coupling of rat IgG anti-rat male accessory glands with 4-B activated Sepharose; 4) addition of rat male accessory glands' saline extract and removal of autoantigens by glycine-HCl, pH 2.9. The purity of the eluted autoantigens was determined by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis (PAGE). These components retained their immunologic activity as demonstrated by inhibition of tanned cell hemagglutination and double immunodiffusion gel precipitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Specific suppression of humoral and delayed hypersensitivity responses by cyclophosphamide in an experimental model of autoimmunity.

The aim of this report is to investigate the effect of cyclophosphamide (CY) in an experimental model of autoimmunity to rat male accessory glands. The results indicated that 100 mg/kg of this drug suppressed humoral immune response that persisted for at least 45 days when administered 3 days after the first immunization of rats with modified rat male accessory glands (MRAG) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Administration of the drug 3 days before ID injection of antigen caused a shorter suppression of antibody formation. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) studied 13 days after the first immunization was suppressed only in the animals that were administered CY after the antigen. The specificity of the immunosuppression was studied in rats treated with CY after the first immunization with MRAG using aggregated human gamma-globulin (AHGG) as an unrelated antigen. The studies demonstrated significant suppression of DTH (p less than 0.005) and humoral immunity only against MRAG. On the contrary, the response to AHGG was not significantly modified.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Detection of autoimmune response to rabbit epididymal and seminal spermatozoa.

Conventional and anaphylactic autoantibodies to rabbit epididymal and seminal spermatozoa were detected in sera of rabbits autoimmunized by several procedures. Antibodies against epididymal spermatozoa were found in 85% of rabbits showing lesions of varying degrees in testes. When the comparison was made with antibodies to antigens of spermatozoa from semen, the correlation was markedly lower. The data prove the importance of a proper selection of the antigenic material when looking for antibodies to spermatozoa in studies of autoimmunity and fertility.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Testosterone metabolism in vitro by male sexual accessory glands from normal and autoimmunized rabbits.

In vitro metabolism of (3H)-testosterone from male accessory gland homogenates from autoimmunized and normal rabbits was studied at different times of incubation. Results indicated that 5 alpha - androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol was the main metabolite formed in both cases, though the presence of the 3 beta-isomer cannot be excluded. On autoimmunized rabbits with small histological alteration, transformation of the precursor (3H)-testosterone was significantly greater (40 min: P less than 0.01; 60 min: P less than 0.05). This led to a higher yield of 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol at both incubation times, being significant only at 40 min (P less than 0.02). The 4-androstene-3,17-dione also increased as compared with the normal group. In autoimmunized rabbits with a greater histological alteration, the bioconversion of (3H)-testosterone decreased for both incubation times, being significant only for the 40 min (P less than 0.05). A decreased interconversion to 4-androstene-3,17-dione was also observed, being significant only for 40 min (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that in an early stage of autoimmunization there might be a transient stimulation of enzyme activities in the sexual accessory glands. In another moment of the phenomena a more severe histological lesion with infiltration of male accessory glands was present. At the same time, decrease in the enzymatic activities could be noticed.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of L-tetramisol associated with rifampicin in patients with lepromatous leprosy. L-tetramisol in patients with lepromatous leprosy].

In this work are presented results obtained in the treament of thirty patients suffering of lepromatous leprosy. In a group of fifteen patients L-tetramisol was administrated in association to antimocrobian drugs. The control group received only the last medication. Immunological modifications were not observed in any case. However, in six patients treated with L-tetramisol associated to rifampicin during three months it was possible to observe a notable improvement of the clinical state. In the patients that received L-tetramisol associated to other drugs or in those that received only antimicrobian drugs the clinical improvement was very low or null.

Adolescent↗