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Biomedical subjects

M García

Publications and source records attributed to M García.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[A protocol for prognostic evaluation of newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis].

A modified Vásquez-Estévez protocol for prognostic appraisal of newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis was retrospectively applied to 23 confirmed cases from year 1987 throughout 1989 in general metropolitan hospital at Santiago, Chile. Cases were classified as low (0-12 points) or high (13-30) risk according to its corresponding score. Case fatality rates ranged from 7.1% to 77.7% in low and high risk groups, respectively. Sensibility was 87.5%, specificity 86.6% and efficiency 86.6%. Instrument application was easy. It concluded that this is a valuable tool for the prognostic evaluation of necrotizing enterocolitis. A wider and deeper prospective application would allow to measure more exactly its usefulness in other settings.

Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchial asthma and diabetes mellitus. Experimental evidences of mutual exclusion.

The reasons for the frequent mutual exclusion in the same patient of asthma and diabetes and the fact that dextran anaphylactoid reaction does not occur in diabetic rats remain unknown. The mortality induced by the compound 48/80 and its histamine releasing effect from peritoneal mast cells have been tested in alloxan diabetic rats. The effect of acetylcholine on isolated airways from these animals has also been investigated. It is suggested that the lower quantity of peritoneal mast cells found in diabetic animals (and not the histamine released from its mast cells or airway hyporeactivity to acetylcholine) contributes to the protective effect of diabetes mellitus to the anaphylactoid reaction consequences.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Repetitive electrical stimulation of X-area and parabrachial lateral nucleus: effects upon ponto-geniculo-occipital activity in the reserpinized cat.

The ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) activity is a characteristic field potential of paradoxical sleep, that can be continually induced by reserpine administration. It has been postulated that the X area (XA) and parabrachial lateral nucleus (Pbl) contain the generator cells for the PGO activity. In this study, repetitive electrical stimulation in the XA and Pbl was applied, with the aim of inducing progressive plastic changes in PGO activity, which was recorded from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Reserpinized cats were used; they were curarized and maintained with artificial respiration. We analyzed the PGO spike frequency at one, five and sixty minutes after stimulation, which was given every 30 minutes for at least 8 consecutive hours. Stimulation of the XA did not produce changes, while that of the Pbl induced a relatively poor progressive increment in the PGO spike frequency. The findings obtained with XA stimulation discard the possibility of inducing functional plastic changes in this region. On the other hand, the response to Pbl stimulation indicates an activation of the PGO spike generator system. These differences suggest that these nuclei have different influence on PGO activity, although it is possible that the responses found in the Pbl were indirect effects, given its anatomical relationships.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Socioeconomic status and hygiene habits of the members of a rural community from the province of Habana].

A study is made of the socioeconomic conditions, environmental sanitation, and hygienic habits in the members of a rural community in Havana province. This was compared with the results of a stool culture analysis made to all inhabitants of this locality in order to determine the degree of infestation by intestinal parasites. It was found that sanitation conditions are good, which explains the low prevalence of helminths. The greatest proportion of parasitized people show inappropriate habits of personal hygiene, which explains that most of them are due to protozoa.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[AIDS in Colombia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An unusual case of hyper-production of IgE, treated by plasmapheresis.

A 15-year-old boy with severe inflammatory skin lesions from an early age was found to have extremely elevated serum IgE levels (up to 376.000 IU/ml). His skin showed positive direct immunofluorescence for IgE and he had peripheral and bone marrow eosinophilia. No evidence for atopic disease was found, but he suffered intestinal helminthic infection of moderate intensity. He showed a somewhat depressed cell mediated immune response but a normal polymorphonuclear function. Various treatments that included anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-parasitic, anti-mycotic and PUVA therapy did not significantly improve his condition A therapeutic test using plasmapheresis produced marked, though short-lived clinical improvement. We believe that this case might result from the superimposition of the stimulatory effects of intestinal helminthiasis on a background of intrinsic hyper-production of IgE.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of kerosene on airway sensitization to egg albumin in guinea pig.

We undertook a study to determine if pre-exposure to kerosene smoke enhances airway sensitization to egg albumin in the guinea pig. Kerosene vapor inhalation for 15 days, 1 hour daily, in similar conditions to which some housewives who use kerosene as cooking fuel are exposed elicited tracheal damage characterized by signs of dysplasia and inflammatory infiltrate. When these animals were exposed to egg albumin aerosol there was an increase in the antialbumin antibody blood titer and an increased response to egg albumin in the isolated tracheal preparation (Schultz-Dale reaction), We conclude that the airway damage elicited by inhalation of kerosene vapor increase antigen absorption and thereby antibody formation.

Aerosols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Haemophilus influenzae sensitivity to ampicillin and chloramphenicol in children in Mexico City].

The sensitivity to chloramphenicol and ampicillin of 127 strains of H. influenzae was tested. One hundred and one strains were obtained from the pharyngeal exudate of 828 healthy carriers under 5 years of age and 26 from the spinal fluid of children with meningoencephalitis. Sixty per cent of isolations corresponded to type b; 40 per cent were non typical and we only identified one type e. All H. influenzae obtained from spinal fluid corresponded to type b. The frequency of healthy carriers was greater in intrafamily contacts of children with H. influenza meningoencephalitis (p less than 0.01). Percentages of resistance to ampicillin varied between 6 and 23% for the different groups; we found no statistical difference among them (p less than 0.2). The prevalence of H. influenza resistant to ampicillin in the population studied was 1.2% for type b strains and 0.2% for non typical bacteria. Fourteen per cent of penicillin resistant type b strains were identified; all 127 isolations were to chloramphenicol; therefore, we recommend this drug instead of ampicillin for the treatment of H. influenza infections, with the exception of acute otitis media.

Ampicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on the effects of kerosine aerosol on airways of rabbits.

The effects of kerosine aerosol inhalation at a mean concentration of 32.5 mg/L on spontaneously breathing rabbits as well as on artificially ventilated rabbits were studied. Kerosine aerosol inhalation by spontaneously breathing rabbits during 4 minutes elicited an increase in total pulmonary resistance (RT) by 38 +/- 15 percent of control value (p less than 0.05). After atropine injection (0.2 mg/kg. I.V.) there was an immediate decrease in RT which was not significantly different from the control value after either, 1 or 5 minutes administration. Kerosine aerosol inhalation during 9 minutes elicited an increase in tracheal resistance by 45.5 +/- 8.2 percent of control value in artificially ventilated normal rabbits, while in vagotomized ones the increase was only by 21.2 +/- 6.9 percent of control value (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that inhalation of kerosine by spontaneously breathing or artificially ventilated rabbits elicit an acute increase in airways resistance which is mainly reflex and mediated by parasympathetic pathways.

Aerosols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of Mycoplasma gallisepticum F-strain surface epitope.

The expression of a Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) F-strain surface epitope was studied using monoclonal antibody 6F10. Different F strain colonies were cloned based on positive or negative expression of the 6F10-recognized epitope. Clones selected for the lack of expression of this epitope (negative clones) reverted rapidly to positive expression. On the other hand, negative clones derived from F-strain-vaccinated chickens expressed the 6F10-recognized epitope variably. After in vitro passages, two groups of cultures were observed. One group reverted rapidly to positive expression. The other group exhibited a very slow rate of reversion, with 30% or fewer of their colonies expressing the 6F10-recognized epitope. These results indicate that the 6F10-recognized surface epitope of F-strain is variably expressed under in vivo and in vitro conditions.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Asymptomatic cryptosporidiosis in an infant].

A two year-old male who presented lack of appetite, mild coughing and one episode of vomiting was assisted in a pediatrics outpatient clinic. The parasitological examination of three stool samples of the patient revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Fecal parasitological examination of his mother and a one year-old sister showed oocysts of the same protozoon in this last patient, who was asymptomatic. With no pharmacological treatment, parasitological stool examination, performed one month later on the two children, resulted negative, being the boy without any symptom.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology of trichinosis in Chile. Prevalence study by immunodiagnostic reactions].

In the period 1983-1994 a series of seroepidemiological surveys, by using immunodiagnostic tests for trichinosis, was carried out in 138 localities and health institutions from the 13 regions of the country. Thus, a total of 12,882 randomly selected persons, with different sex and age distribution, were submitted to precipitin test and indirect hemagglutination test for trichinosis. One hundred and ninety one (1.5%) persons resulted positive for trichinosis. Higher rates of infection were observed in central and southern Chile. No differences of positivity, according to age sex, but constant increase parallel to age of the individual were detected. The general prevalence rate of infection of 1.5% is in a reasonable accordance with the prevalence of 2.0% found in human corpses in 1992.

Adolescent↗