PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Gemperlé

Publications and source records attributed to M Gemperlé.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Prevention of hyperkalemia and muscular fasciculations induced by suxamethonium].

Suxamethonium has not yet been replaced to ease endotracheal intubation despite its many undesirable side effects. Hyperkalemia and muscle pain are two such side effects; they are not reliably prevented by giving, before suxamethonium, a small dose of a non depolarizing muscle relaxant, although it does decrease muscle fasciculations. The purpose of this study was to compare with a control group three different pretreatments of these undesirable effects of suxamethonium: 1) hyperventilation, 2) calcium chloride which are accepted means of lowering the serum potassium, and 3) magnesium sulfate which has been reported in a non-controlled study to decrease muscle fasciculations. The study was performed in 40 patients (10 per group) in whom changes of plasma potassium and calcium levels were determined and muscle fasciculations measured by an objective method. Serum electrolyte variations and the quantity and duration of muscle fasciculations were similar in all groups. None of the pretreatments administered had any adverse effect on the neuromuscular block induced by suxamethonium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Psychiatric complications in patients under intensive care].

Ten adult patients with psychiatric disorders in the intensive care ward were examined. The length of stay varied from one week to four months and mechanical ventilation was necessary for all patients. Their experience of intensive care and their psychosensorial problems were as follows: temperospatial disorientation, perturbation of the sense of posture, hallucinations which could go as far as oneiric delirium, anguish and symptoms of depression. No psychotic syndrome, literraly speaking, was observed objectively. In the monthes that followed the stay under intensive care many patients presented important psychosomatic disorders. Organic factors are responsible for these complications, though the environment of the intensive care could induce a marked disafferentation. An effort by the attending staff, aimed at orientating or "reafferenting" these patients, could reduce these problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Anesthesia in ophthalmology (author's transl)].

General anesthesia in ophthalmological surgery has become a great fashion. However there are still many problems especially in intraocular surgery. The eye with normal intraocular pressure generally needs no special technique. Most of the usual anesthesia produce a slight hypotonia with the exception of Succinylcholine, whose effect is contrary. Unfortunately this is not the case in eyes with pathologically increased intraocular pressure as in the different forms of glaucoma. Eye surgeons and anesthesists therefore look for solutions to this problem which in principle consist in the application of medicaments, which not seldom are rather agressive. The controlled hypotension by ganglion blockers, the curarisation in the state of being awake, the rapid perfusion of solutions with high osmotique effect (isolated or associated) represent such measures. The one has the disadvantage to be applied during so-called subvigile anesthesias where the security that the patient is asleep is rather doubtful; the other has the disadvantage that it requires a rapid perfusion of solutions with highly osmotic effect. It goes without saying that these conditions represent risks especially if one considers that the candidates for this type of intervention very often are senile persons with prearious cardiovascular equilibrium, with insufficient renal function and with insufficient arterial cerebral circulation. These are some of the problems which are to be discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Effects of Etomidate on ventilation and blood gases].

17 surgical patients, agent 49 to 87, are studied. Their anaesthetic induction was performed by an intravenous injection of Etomidate on a 0,23 mg/kg body weight basiis. Respiratory frequency and minute ventilation were put on continuous recording, PO2, PCO2 and arterial blood pH were measured 1,3 and 5 minutes after injection of the drug. Anaesthetic induction, occuring 10 seconds after injection of the drug, was followed by an increase in respiratory frequency (32 p 100) and a rather modest increase of minute ventilation (9,2 p. 100). Among blood gases measurements, only PaO2 showed a decrease of 6,7 p. 100, when PO2 and pH remained practically unchanged. The small increase in minute ventilation, compared with a relatively important increase in respiratory frequency, suggests some decrease in efficient alveolar ventilation without however affecting blood gases in an important fashion.

Aged↗