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Biomedical subjects

M Gleeson

Publications and source records attributed to M Gleeson.

161 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Respiration in exercising fowl. I. Oxygen consumption, respiratory rate and respired gases.

1. Oxygen consumption, respiratory frequency, and the PO2 of expiratory and interclavicular air sac gases were continuously monitored in six female domestic fowl trained to exercise on a treadmill for 10 min periods at normal or elevated air temperatures. 2. At normal temperatures (20 +/- 2 degrees C) the cost of locomotion rose from 0.46 ml O2 kg-1 m-1 at 0-3 km h-1 to 0.77 ml O2 kg-1 m-1 at the maximum speed of 4.3 km h-1. At 32 +/- 2 degrees C, Vo2 increased by as much as 20% compared to normal temperatures. 3. Hyperventilation occurred at all speeds and at both normal and elevated temperatures. End-tidal and interclavicular PO2 increased, in a parallel manner with speed, the latter remaining consistently 6-7 Torr less than the former both at rest and during exercise.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Respiration in exercising fowl. II. Respiratory water loss and heat balance.

1. Respiratory water loss and rectal temperature were measured in domestic fowl running for 10 min on a treadmill at speeds of 1.24-4.3 km h-1 in air temperatures of 20 +/- 2 degrees C or 32 +/- 2 degrees C. 2. At given speeds the water loss at 32 +/- 2 degrees C was approximately twice that at 20 +/- 2 degrees C and the end-exercise rectal temperature was 0.5-0.8 degrees C higher. 3. At 20 +/- 2 degrees C, respiratory evaporation accounted for 10-12% of the total metabolic energy used at all speeds. At 32 +/- 2 degrees C, the fractional respiratory heat loss fell from 26.5% at 1.24 km h-1 to 17% at 3.6 km h-1. The fraction of the total metabolic energy stored as body heat rose progressively with air temperature.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Gastric acid inactivation of erythromycin stearate in solid dosage forms.

The effect of hydrochloric acid at pH 1.2-3.2 ON ERYTHROMYCIN STEARATE AND COMMERCIAL DOSAGE FORMS OF ERYTHROMYCIN STEARATE WAS STUDIED. Under all conditions examined, erythromycin was readily dissolved from the stearate as hydrochloride, and rapidly lost its biological activity in solution. The inclusion of pepsin in the test systems did not affect the results. Although formulation differences somewhat affected the rate of destruction, acid lability was exhibited by all products examined, except enteric-coated tablets. Amounts of acid considered to be normal in the fasting stomach contents of adults during the time likely for a dose to remain in the stomach caused 70-90% destruction within 15 min after the shells started to rupture. Amounts of hydrochloric acid appreciably less than 1 mEq, representing abnormally small quantities even in the fasting state, caused destruction ranging from 30 to 70% of the doses in 15 min. These results are not reconcilable with published statements that the sensitivity of erythromycin to gastric acid is overcome by providing the antibiotic in the form of stearate salt.

Capsules↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Harsh lessons of history.

Reading Janet McCalman's history of the Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, is a humbling, emotional experience. It tells us so much about women--as nurses, as patients, and as childbearers, wives, victims, sufferers, champions. For nurses, and particularly for those of us who are midwives, it presents a remarkably unsanitized--and at times confronting account--of our profession.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outcome measures for the study of activities of daily living in vascular dementia.

Decline in functional abilities is a major component of the dementia syndrome. The definition of dementia in the International Classification of Diseases (10th rev.) requires a cognitive impairment sufficient to impair personal activities of daily living (ADL). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) also requires cognitive deficits sufficiently severe to cause impairment in occupational or social functioning and must represent a decline from a higher level of functioning. However, the term disability is more appropriate than impairment to describe a loss in activities, as opposed to a loss of elementary functions, and is consistent with World Health Organization definitions of impairment, disability, and handicap. There is no doubt that ADL outcomes are required in therapeutic drug studies on vascular dementia, and there is a good rationale and some evidence for the use of ADL scales developed for therapeutic research in Alzheimer disease, favoring scales devoid of items sensitive to physical disabilities. Similarly, ADL-related clinical milestones could be used for longer-term studies aiming predominantly at slowing progression of disease in both early and later stages of dementia. Slower decline in ADL and delay in reaching ADL-related clinical milestones should be considered as valid outcomes by regulatory bodies in the process of dementia drug approval.

Activities of Daily Living↗