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M Gninafon

Publications and source records attributed to M Gninafon.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Outcome of tuberculosis retreatment in routine conditions in Cotonou, Benin.

SETTING: National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP), Cotonou, Benin. OBJECTIVE: To study the patient characteristics and outcome of tuberculosis retreatment cases in a well-functioning NTP. METHODS: A retrospective, register-based study of all smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases put on retreatment (2SERHZ/1ERHZ/5R3H3E3) between 1992 and 2001 in Cotonou. For comparison, information on new smear-positive cases in Cotonou in 1999 was entered and analysed. RESULTS: Of 8103 tuberculosis patients registered, 642 were put on retreatment. The analysis is mainly based on the 236 patients whose initial treatment regimen records were available (113 relapses, 84 failures, 39 returns after default). Most of the relapse (57%) and return after default (72%) cases were put on retreatment within 12 months after stopping their initial treatment. Overall, the retreatment results were satisfactory (78% success) and comparable with those of new cases (82%); the failure rates were low (3%), as were those for initial treatment (1%). There were more defaulters from retreatment among those who had already defaulted from initial treatment (21%). Treatment success rates were better among women than men. CONCLUSION: The standardised retreatment regimen is effective in Cotonou, probably because the NTP is functioning well, there are no drug shortages, drug taking is strictly supervised, and a good treatment plan is followed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Granulomatous peritonitis from ascariasis: apropos of 1 case in a Benin child].

We report a case of granulomatous peritonitis in a child, due to Ascaris lumbricoïdes eggs. A 6 year-old child was admitted to the emergency ward with acute abdomen pain. Upon performing a laparotomy, severe adhesive inflammation and adenopathies were found and abdominal tuberculosis was diagnosed. Specific treatment was administered. Later, the acurage diagnosis of Ascaris ova peritonitis was made by histopathological examination of tissue removed during the operation. The pathogenesis is briefly discussed.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of primary and acquired resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antituberculosis drugs in Benin after 12 years of short-course chemotherapy.

SETTING: Benin National Tuberculosis Programme, West Africa. OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence of primary and acquired resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to the antituberculosis drugs isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and streptomycin in Benin from 1994-1995, after 12 years of short-course chemotherapy regimens. METHODS: Prospective study by cluster sampling according to the methodology recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and the World Health Organization (WHO). RESULTS: The survey of primary resistance included 333 strains, of which 28 (8.4%) were drug-resistant, one to both rifampicin and isoniazid (multidrug-resistant). For acquired resistance, out of 57 strains tested 26 (45.6%) were resistant, six of which (11%) were multidrug-resistant. CONCLUSION: Despite the considerable increase in the number of tuberculosis cases observed in recent years (52% between 1987 and 1995), direct observation of patients taking their antituberculosis drugs during the intensive phase of treatment has limited the development of drug resistance in Benin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Epidemiological observations on the first case of human paragonimiasis and potential intermediate hosts of Paragonimus sp. in Benin].

Parasitological investigations were carried out for four months in 1998 in two Beninese centres of pneumo-phtisiology (Akpakpa, at Cotonou, and Akron, at Porto-Novo) to detect the patients harbouring eggs of Paragonimus sp. amongst the persons consulting for tuberculosis and showing a broncho-pneumopathy without mycobacteria. Eggs of Paragonimus sp. were detected in the sputum of a single patient out of 369 persons examined (prevalence, 0.2%). This patient had eaten crabs in the months preceding the date of diagnosis. A treatment using praziquantel has improved clinical symptomatology and biological signs found in this patient. These studies have been completed by visiting markets located in the coastal plain of Benin to identify the crabs that were sold and to find metacercariae of Paragonimus sp. Negative results were obtained when 126 Cardisoma armatum ("hole crab") were dissected. In contrast, the dissection of 176 Callinectes marginatus ("swimming crab") was successful, with 5% of crabs harbouring metacercariae of probably Paragonimus sp. Further studies are necessary to confirm these first results and to determine the global prevalence of Paragonimus infection in these definitive and intermediary hosts.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Information management in national tuberculosis control programmes and national health information systems.

A good notification system is one of the key elements for the success of national tuberculosis programmes (NTPs). The national health information system (NHIS) in low income countries is often weak and unreliable. When restructuring this system, what circuit should be used to integrate TB data: the NTP or the NHIS? Experience from several countries shows that unlike the NHIS, only the data generated by the NTP are reliable and complete, and arrive rapidly enough to be used for programme management. It is therefore the duty of the NTP to collect this information and transmit it to the NHIS at each level of the health system. These were the conclusions of a seminar held in Cotonou, Benin, organised by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, which involved the leaders of the NHIS and of NTPs of six West African countries.

Africa↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of a standardized recording tool for sputum smear microscopy for acid-fast bacilli under routine conditions in low income countries.

SETTING: Laboratories performing sputum smear microscopy for tuberculosis in Benin, Malawi, Nicaragua and Senegal. METHODS: Analysis of computerized laboratory registers to ascertain workload, yield from serial smear examination, and demographic characteristics of examinees. RESULTS: Data from more than 60,000 examinees in 42 laboratories showed that the average number of smears examined per day ranged from 4 to 19 (mean 6) per country. To find one case of tuberculosis, on average 21 smears of suspects were examined (range 8 to 50). Of all cases with ultimately at least one positive result, 87% were already positive on the first examination. Demographic characteristics of cases differed considerably by country and gender. In 35 of 42 laboratories, males were more frequently found to be cases than females, and with increasing age an increasingly larger number of female than male suspects had to be examined to identify one case. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the usefulness of a standardized recording system for results of acid-fast microscopy in obtaining essential information for program management and on demographic characteristics of persons presenting for examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Seroprevalence of treponematosis among pregnant women in Cotonou (Benin)].

A study of frequency of treponematosis among pregnant women in Mother Hood of Zogbo (Cotonou) shows 5.1 +/- 2.8% of positivity with risk of 5% by TPHA and VDRL. The low level of endemicity, associated with the absence of cutaneous lesions of treponematosis in Cotonou may correspond to a syphilis infection. This study points out the necessity to strengthen the struggle against the all other sexually transmitted diseases (MST) in the same way that the HIV infection in Benin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Initial resistance to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol in bacillus-laden tuberculosis patients at the National Center of Pneumo-physiology at Cotonou (Benin)].

The authors are reporting results from a study about BK sensitivity among principal antituberculosis drugs in Benin Republic: 81.5% of them are susceptible for all specific antibiotics, 8.5% are offering resistance to INH and Streptomycin together. In this preliminary study no primitive resistance for RMP has been found.

Benin↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiologic study of adult bronchial asthma in a Benin hospital environment].

This work is a contribution to the epidemiological study of bronchial asthma in adults in a hospital environment at Cotonou. It is a question of the necessity of admission to hospital of clinical cases. The study has emphasized the following points: Separation according to age has shown that 52% of patients are less than 35 years old, young subjects are in this group. The two sexes are equally involved, with a sex ratio of 1. The different socio-professional groups involved have shown a predominance of those without profession. The main allergic factors identified by questioning are dominated by housedust, which suggests, failing allergological tests, that the role of mites is probably preponderant. There does not seem to be any particular influence of meteorological factors (rain or dryness) on the frequency of crises. Finally, it should be emphasized that technical difficulties make it very difficult to study asthma in Benin.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Renal complications associated with human acquired immunodeficiency virus infection in a population of hospital patients at the Hospital and University National Center in Cotonou].

We studied 92 HIV-positive patients retrospectively between January 1994 and December 1996 and prospectively from January to July 1997. We determined serum creatinine and 24-hour proteinuria. The median age of the patients was 22 (+/- 4) years and most patients were aged between 25 and 45 years. The sex ratio was 2.17 and most patients were infected with HIV-1 (67.39%). Renal failure occurred in 27.16% of cases, due to changes in blood pressure and infectious diseases. Three patients had a nephrotic syndrome caused by HIV. Thirty-eight cases of lung infection, ten of urinary infection, twelve infections of the digestive system and fifteen cases of skin infection were recorded. The median duration of stay in hospital was 23 (+/- 8) days and the median cost of hospitalization was 147,450 F CFA (+/- 31,057). The treatment given was purely symptomatic and three patients died during the study. One patient suffered chronic renal failure and is now undergoing hemodialysis. Preventive treatment would be of great value.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗