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Biomedical subjects

M Goos

Publications and source records attributed to M Goos.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Pathogenetic significance of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in chronic wounds].

The colonisation and infection with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represent an interdisciplinary problem especially in the treatment of chronic wounds. To prevent medical wound-healing centres of becoming vectors for further epidemics it makes sense to take regular bacterial smears of all patients with chronic wounds to identify, isolate and treat patients with MRSA colonisation or infection. Especially infections should only be treated after microbiological diagnostics had been done to allow systemic treatment with antibiotics in accordance with the specific resistances. Otherwise the uncritical use of broad-spectrum- or reserve-antibiotics supports the critical development of further resistances.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed2003

CD44 variant isoform v10 is expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and mediates hyaluronan-independent heterotypic cell-cell adhesion to melanoma cells.

CD44 is a family of cell-surface receptors on human lymphocytes that act as co-stimulatory molecules leading to the induction of effector functions in T cells. We have analyzed primary cutaneous malignant melanomas with clinical and histologic signs of tumor regression using immunohistochemistry and observed the predominant expression of the CD44 variant isoform v10 on CD3 CD4/CD8 co-expressing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). We further analyzed the role of CD44v10 in adhesion of lymphocytes to human melanoma cells. In contrast to CD44- lymphatic cells, CD44v10+ lymphatic cells strongly bound to cultured human melanoma cells and to frozen tissue samples of melanomas. Antibody blocking studies revealed a hyaluronan-, integrin-, and selectin-independent pathway of adhesion. Furthermore, CD44v10+ lymphatic cells exhibited significantly higher invasiveness in three-dimensional collagen matrices as compared with CD44H+ and CD44-negative lymphocytes. These results indicate that expression of CD44v10 on TIL may mediate adhesion to melanoma cells and result in gain of novel invasive properties.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed2002

[The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and therapy of chronic wounds].

Molecular oxygen plays a central role in the pathogenesis and therapy of chronic wounds. When reactive oxygen species are overproduced, oxidative stress results, with detrimental cytotoxic effects causing delayed wound healing. Therefore, elimination of reactive oxygen species could be an important strategy to improve healing of chronic wounds. Currently first therapeutic strategies targeting reactive oxygen species by antioxidants are being introduced into the treatment of chronic wounds.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as part of biosurgical management of a chronic leg ulcer].

Colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains is an increasing problem in the treatment of wounds. Only a very limited repertoire of effective treatment strategies is available, especially for outpatient care. We successfully treated a chronic leg ulcer colonized with MRSA on an ambulatory basis, using larvae of the common greenbottle fly Lucilia sericata. Whereas the proteases secreted by Lucilia sericata may lead to efficient selective necrolysis, the phenylacetate and phenylacetataldehyde may exert antimicrobial effects. Treatment with Lucilia sericata represents an effective and inexpensive treatment strategy of chronic wounds, especially when colonized with MRSA Due to the low acceptance by patients and medical stuff, it is not often employed.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Recurrence of an epithelioid sarcoma of the scalp].

Epithelioid sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor that, due to its clinically unspecific features, is frequently mistaken for other benign and malignant entities. We report on a 63-year-old male presenting with a relapse of an epithelioid sarcoma. At clinical inspection, the tumor presented as an erythematous nodule with ulceration in the center. Despite its slow growth, epithelioid sarcoma should be regarded as an aggressive neoplasm exhibiting frequent local recurrences and subsequent lymphatic and visceral spreading in about half of the patients. Histopathological findings are the presence of large epithelioid and spindle cells with immunoreactivity for cytokeratin and vimentin.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of metal allergies in patients with coronary stents.

In-stent restenosis is a complication which impairs the success of coronary stenting. Recently, it was supposed that a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to nickel and molybdenum might be one of the triggering factors in in-stent restenosis. We have analyzed the data collected in our centre with respect to this hypothesis. Altogether, 34 patients were investigated (24 male, 10 female). Patch tests were performed with the standard series of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group and a metal series containing the metal components of 316 L stainless steel. A positive patch test reaction to nickel was observed in 4 (11.8%) patients. None of the patients showed sensitization to the other metals. Retrospective analysis was performed in 20 patients: 2 of these patients had a positive patch test reaction to nickel, one of whom had an in-stent restenosis, and the other not. Restenoses were predominantly observed in patients with negative patch test reactions to nickel (6/18 patients). Out of the patients who were investigated prospectively only one showed sensitization to nickel. Restenosis was observed in 2 patients: neither patient had nickel allergy. Although it still cannot be excluded that metal allergy may play a role in the restenosis process in coronary stenting, there is at present little evidence for it.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed2001

[Sebaceous gland carcinoma of the neck].

Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma is a rare skin neoplasm that resembles clinically pyogenic granuloma, hemangioma or squamous cell cancer. The clinical and histological findings are described. The differential diagnosis of common tumors of the face should include this rare malignancy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2001

[Painful bruising syndrome].

A 54-year old anorectic patient with painful bruising syndrome (Gardner-Diamond syndrome) suffered from various gastrointestinal and psychologic complaints. The episodes of painful bruising could be provoked following intradermal injection of washed red blood cells within 96 h. The pathogenesis of this rare entity is more likely due to a psychiatric alteration rather than to the immunological mechanisms, as had been postulated two decades ago. Nevertheless, the Gardner-Diamond-syndrome should be included in the differential diagnosis of ecchymotic bleeding.

Anorexia↗
PubMed2001

Long-term chemotherapy of HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma with liposomal doxorubicin.

The aim of this study was to examine the outcome, adverse events and clinical complications of long-term chemotherapy with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PegLiposomal DOX) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. A phase II study over a 4-year period in a tertiary care university hospital was carried out. 52 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-patients with advanced KS received long-term chemotherapy (71+/-51 weeks) with a mean of 22.8+/-18.2 cycles and a mean cumulative liposomal doxorubicin dose of 456+/-364 mg/m(2) (120-1040 mg/m(2)). Tumour burden, duration and dosage of PegLiposomal DOX, adverse events, opportunistic infections, immunological parameters and HIV load were measured. A complete (10%) or partial response (56%) was achieved while on chemotherapy. 10 patients (19%) showed stable disease. Tumour progression was observed in 8 patients (15%). Importantly, chemotherapy with PegLiposomal DOX was also successful after previous cytostatic therapy with bleomycin and vincristine. The most common adverse events included leucopenia, neutropenia, anaemia, and increased liver function tests. 34 patients (65%) developed new opportunistic infections and 29 patients (56%) died during the study period. To conclude, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin is a safe and effective drug for long-term chemotherapy of advanced (AIDS) KS without adverse effects on CD4 cell counts and HIV viral load.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2001

Topical immunomodulators--progress towards treating inflammation, infection, and cancer.

Immunomodulators include both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive agents. Only recently have the basic mechanisms of topical immunotherapy been elucidated. Besides topical contact sensitisers (eg, diphencyprone or dinitrochlorobenzene), newer agents of the imidazoquinoline family such as imiquimod and resiquimod act by inducing cytokine secretion from monocytes or macrophages (interferon-alpha, interleukin-12, tumour-necrosis factor-alpha). The locally generated immune milieu leads to a Th1-dominance and cell-mediated immunity that have been used clinically to treat viral infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), mollusca, and cancerous lesions including initial squamous cell and basal cell carcinoma in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. While these agents improve antigen-presentation by dendritic cells, they also act on B cells and lead to the synthesis of antibodies such as IgG2a much like the recently discovered immunostimulatory CpG-sequences that stimulate innate immunity. These sequences act as "danger signals" since they occur in bacterial and viral DNA, but are selectively methylated and inactivated in the mammalian genome. They share the induction of the same cytokines as imidazoquinolines but they show different magnitudes and kinetics of response. Topical immunotherapy with immunostimulatory agents shows potential for effective and patient-friendly treatment of inflammatory, infectious, and cancerous skin diseases. Immunoenhancers such as imdazoquinolines and CpG-sequences also have adjuvant properties that could improve conventional (protein) and DNA vaccination against cancer, atopy, and allergies.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2001

Patch test sensitization caused by para-tertiary-butylcatechol. Results of a prospective study with a dilution series.

Para-tertiary-butylcatechol (PTBC) has been patch tested in Europe at 1% in petrolatum (pet.) and is now suspected of induction of patch test sensitization. A prospective study was initiated to obtain detailed data on this undesirable risk. A dilution series of PTBC (1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1% pet.) was used. Patch tests were read on days (D) 1-3, 7, 14 and 21 after application. Patients who were unable to return for late readings were telephoned and asked to report any reaction at the patch test sites. 40 out of 46 patients included completed the study. Patch tests were negative in 35 patients. 4 patients showed a positive patch test at later readings only (D7-D21); 2 patients reacted to a concentration as low as 0.1%. Rechallenge was performed in 2 of these patients, revealing a clearly positive reaction as early as D2 after patch test application. PTBC clearly induced patch test sensitization in 10% of the patients. It cannot be excluded that patch testing with 0.25% PTBC or with even lower concentrations might induce patch test sensitization. The optimal patch test concentration still has to be determined but may be within the range of 0.01% to 0.25% PTBC.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Hyaluronan-independent adhesion of CD44H+ and CD44v10+ lymphocytes to dermal microvascular endothelial cells and keratinocytes.

We have recently shown the CD44 variant isoform 10 (CD44v10) to be expressed on reactive as well as malignant cutaneous lymphocytes; however, the functional consequences of CD44v10 expression on lymphocytes are not elucidated. By using appropriately transfected lymphatic cells we analyzed the role of CD44v10 on lymphocytes in cell-matrix adhesion and homotypic and heterotypic cell-cell adhesion assays. Despite a low binding affinity to hyaluronan, CD44v10-expressing lymphocytes exhibited heterotypic cell-cell adhesion to inflamed dermal microvascular endothelium and keratinocytes, as indicated by Stamper-Woodruff assays on tissue sections of delayed type hypersensitivity reactions and adhesion assays with cultured keratinocytes and cytokine-stimulated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Antibody-blocking assays excluded interaction of CD44v10 with the principal CD44 ligand hyaluronan as well as involvement of selectins or integrins in these heterotypic cell-cell adhesion assays. In contrast, cellular aggregation assays with fluorescence-labeled CD44v10- and CD44H-expressing lymphocytes revealed homotypic CD44v10/CD44v10 binding as well as binding of CD44v10 with CD44H. Heterotypic cell-cell adhesion assays with ultraviolet-A-irradiated CD44v-negative cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells demonstrated binding kinetics of CD44v10-expressing lymphocytes paralleling those of endothelial CD44H expression. These results imply that a hyaluronan-independent CD44v10/CD44H-mediated pathway is involved in lymphocyte infiltration into the dermis and epidermis of inflamed skin and suggest modulation of CD44H expression on inflamed dermal microvascular endothelium as a mechanism of ultraviolet-A-induced therapeutic effects on the skin.

Cell Adhesion↗