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Biomedical subjects

M Gordon

Publications and source records attributed to M Gordon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Clinical parameters predictive of malignancy of thyroid follicular neoplasms.

Needle aspiration biopsy is commonly employed in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. Unfortunately, the cytologic finding of a "follicular neoplasm" does not distinguish between a thyroid adenoma and a follicular cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical parameters that characterize patients with an increased risk of having a thyroid follicular cancer who preoperatively have a "follicular neoplasm" identified by needle aspiration biopsy. A total of 395 patients initially treated at Vancouver General Hospital and the British Columbia Cancer Agency between the years of 1965 and 1985 were identified and their data were entered into a computer database. Patients with thyroid adenomas were compared to patients with follicular cancer using the chi-square test and Student's t-test. Statistically significant parameters that distinguished patients at risk of having a thyroid cancer (p less than 0.05) included age greater than 50 years, nodule size greater than 3 cm, and a history of neck irradiation. Sex, family history of goiter or neoplasm, alcohol and tobacco use, and use of exogenous estrogen were not significant parameters. Patients can be identified preoperatively to be at an increased risk of having a follicular cancer and accordingly appropriate surgical resection can be planned.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Two years of infection surveillance in a geriatric long-term care facility.

Prospective infection surveillance was carried out for 2 years on two selected units of an 800-bed geriatric long-term care facility. Information was obtained by discussion with attending medical and nursing staff members, chart review, and review of laboratory data. Unit A houses 47 ambulatory Home for the Aged (nursing home) residents (70% female) with a mean age of 89 years. Unit B, for patients requiring chronic hospitalization, houses 32 residents (60% female) with a mean age of 77 years. The infection rates per 1000 patient-days on units A and B were 1.77 and 9.45, respectively. The higher infection rate on unit B was probably due to the presence of a more debilitated patient population. The most common sites of infection on both units were respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, and soft tissue. The major goals of surveillance in long-term care facilities should be to aid in early detection of outbreaks and to identify preventable endemic infections. Definitions of infection and methods of surveillance that take into account the unique characteristics of elderly subjects residing in long-term care facilities with relatively limited resources need to be developed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

The health of Travellers' children in Northern Ireland.

A study was carried out to examine aspects of the health status of children from a group of 'travelling people' in Northern Ireland. A total of 350 children, aged under 16 years, were included in the study. Data were gathered by community health doctors and health visitors using a standardised questionnaire. The study revealed that this community has a high degree of consanguinity and points to higher levels of congenital abnormalities than in the settled community. Uptake of immunisation was less than the settled community and hospital admissions in the younger age group were particularly due to infectious diseases. The authors conclude that provision of health services for travelling people in Northern Ireland should be urgently reviewed with consideration of the needs and lifestyle of this group. The provision of suitable sites for travelling people with adequate water and sewage facilities to reduce potential risks to health is also advocated.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Microleakage in three designs of glass ionomer under composite resin restorations.

Three Class V cavity configurations with walls above and below the cemento-enamel junction were compared when 'sandwich' technique restorations with glass ionomer and composite resin were used. No dye penetration occurred at the occlusal cavosurface margin when the latter was bevelled and light-cured Scotchbond was applied to the etched enamel before restoration with Durafil composite resin. The least dye penetration at the gingival margin was observed when Ketac bond glass ionomer covered the entire non-bevelled wall. No configuration entirely eliminated dye penetration at the gingival margin.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1991

Resident scheduling: night float programs.

Obstetrics and gynecology residency programs have traditionally involved long hours in the hospital. In recent years, in an attempt to determine whether work hours could be reduced while at least maintaining resident education and patient care, many program directors have instituted night float systems. In New York State, these systems must adhere to rigid hospital code requirements (limiting total hours worked and with specific mandates regarding time away from the hospital); in other areas, these requirements are not as limiting. At the request of the Council on Resident Education in Obstetrics and Gynecology, residency program directors and residents in the United States and Canada were sent a survey regarding whether they had a night float program, how it was structured, and what changes it was perceived to have caused. Responses were received from 193 program directors (65%) and 302 residents. Major differences were noted in the structure of the programs within New York state compared with those outside the state. In New York, 63% of the programs had residents in all 4 years participating in the night float; this was true for only 10% of the programs outside New York. In New York state, the programs were required to adhere to state hospital code requirements limiting hours on duty and mandating the specifics of time off, whereas the programs outside New York did not necessarily adhere to these restrictive requirements. Twelve characteristics were evaluated regarding changes that were perceived to have occurred as a result of the night float program.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Gynecology↗
PubMed1990

A novel surface antigen expressed by mature and activated rabbit T-lymphocytes.

The monoclonal antibody (Mab) 93C6 was used to identify a surface molecule expressed by mature and activated rabbit T-lymphocytes. This antigen was virtually absent in cells of the thymus (5% positive cells). All 93C6-positive cells expressed the rabbit pan-T marker L11-135 and proliferated in response to concanavalin A (Con A). When lymphocytes were activated in the presence of Con A, the expression of the 93C6 molecule was quantitatively increased. Con A stimulation alone did not markedly enhance expression of this antigen by thymocytes, but stimulation with both Con A and interleukin-2 (IL-2) resulted in a population of thymocytes that expressed the antigen in a manner quantitatively similar to that of mature T-cells in other tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Differential control of tropomyosin mRNA levels during myogenesis suggests the existence of an isoform competition-autoregulatory compensation control mechanism.

We have isolated tropomyosin cDNAs from human skeletal muscle and nonmuscle cDNA libraries and constructed gene-specific DNA probes for each of the four functional tropomyosin genes. These DNA probes were used to define the regulation of the corresponding mRNAs during the process of myogenesis. Tropomyosin regulation was compared with that of beta- and gamma-actin. No two striated muscle-specific tropomyosin mRNAs are coordinately accumulated during myogenesis nor in adult striated muscles. Similarly, no two nonmuscle tropomyosins are coordinately repressed during myogenesis. However, mRNAs encoding the 248 amino acid nonmuscle tropomyosins and beta- and gamma-actin are more persistent in adult skeletal muscle than those encoding the 284 amino acid nonmuscle tropomyosins. In particular, the nonmuscle tropomyosin Tm4 is expressed at similar levels in adult rat nonmuscle and striated muscle tissues. We conclude that each tropomyosin mRNA has its own unique determinants of accumulation and that the 248 amino acid nonmuscle tropomyosins may have a role in the architecture of the adult myofiber. The variable regulation of nonmuscle isoforms during myogenesis suggests that the different isoforms compete for inclusion into cellular structures and that compensating autoregulation of mRNA levels bring gene expression into alignment with the competitiveness of each individual gene product. Such an isoform competition-autoregulatory compensation mechanism would readily explain the unique regulation of each gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Analysis of the hotfoot (ho) locus by creation of an insertional mutation in a transgenic mouse.

Hotfoot (ho) mutation is a recessive trait in mice, characterized by motor disorder and male sterility, that maps to chromosome 6. We have identified a transgenic mouse pedigree with a similar trait. Using genetic and molecular approaches, we have demonstrated that the foreign DNA element is located in or near the ho locus. This new allele, designated hoJwg and presumably created by insertional mutagenesis, should make it possible to clone the ho gene. Male infertility in hoJwg male homozygotes was determined to be due to inability of sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida. This was demonstrated by rescuing mutant males by a new technique of gamete micromanipulation, zona pellucida drilling. These findings show that zona drilling is useful both for analysis and preservation of animals with reduced male fertility.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Hemiparkinsonism-hemiatrophy syndrome: clinical and neuroradiologic features.

We evaluated 11 patients with hemiparkinson-hemiatrophy syndrome, 6 with body and contralateral cerebral hemispheric hemiatrophy, 4 with only body hemiatrophy, and 1 with just brain hemiatrophy. The mean age of symptom onset was 38.1 years (range, 18 to 54) with 5.2 +/- 3.1 (mean +/- SD) years of illness until the last follow-up visit. The presenting symptom was unilateral tremor in 6 patients, hand dystonia in 2, bradykinesia in 2, and abnormal gait in 1 patient. Three patients had a good response to levodopa, 4 had moderate response, and 2 patients had a poor response. During a mean follow-up period of 1.7 years (range, 4 months to 5 years), the Hoehn and Yahr score changed in only 3 patients: 2 gained 1.5 points and 1 gained 3 points over 2.5 years. We discuss the association between hemiparkinsonism-body hemiatrophy and contralateral hemispheric hemiatrophy, and raise the possibility of early childhood brain insult with delayed-onset parkinsonism.

Adolescent↗