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Biomedical subjects

M Granowska

Publications and source records attributed to M Granowska.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Diagnostic evaluation of 111In and 99mTc radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in ovarian and colorectal cancer: correlations with surgery.

The results of radioimmunoscintigraphy, RIS, in colorectal and gynaecological cancers were related to the surgical findings and the analysis of the surgical specimens. The improvement in the accuracy of RIS with the progression from 111In through 123I to 99mTc as radiolabel is demonstrated. The convenience, low cost and low radiation dose of 99mTc-labelled antibodies brings the technique of RIS into routine use in the management of patients with these cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in oncology. I. Technical aspects.

The principles and technique of radioimmunoscintigraphy are described with particular reference to the choice of antibody and the radiolabel, the radiolabelling procedure and the patient protocols. The arguments in favour of using a short-lived high count rate radionuclide for radioimmunoscintigraphy are set out. Methods for labelling monoclonal antibodies with 111In, 123I or 99Tcm are described. The early image at 10 min after injection is essential as it acts as a template with which later images may be compared. In conclusion, many of the technical aspects of radioimmunoscintigraphy have been overcome and it is ready for wider application in oncology patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Duodeno-gastric reflux and gastric adenomas: a scintigraphic study in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

To test whether the presence of gastric adenomas (dysplasia) was associated with gastric reflux of duodenal contents, six patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) who had gastric adenomas and nine matched FAP patients without gastric adenomas underwent scintigraphic duodeno-gastric reflux scanning. Reflux was graded 0-6, where 0 = no reflux, 1 = intermittent reflux into antrum only, 2 = prolonged reflux into antrum only, 3 = intermittent reflux into body, 4 = prolonged reflux into body, 5 = intermittent reflux into body and fundus, and 6 = prolonged reflux into body and fundus. FAP patients with gastric adenomas had more severe reflux (median 6, range 4-6) than did controls (median 3, range 0-6; P = 0.009, Mann-Whitney U test). These results are consistent with a role for bile in the development of gastric adenomatous polyps and suggest that bile is involved in the dysplasia-carcinoma sequence.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Radioimmunoscintigraphy of ovarian tumors using a new monoclonal antibody, SM-3.

Radioimmunoscintigraphy with SM-3 monoclonal antibody produces results similar to those obtained with 123I-labeled HMFG-2. The tumor specificity of SM-3 in vitro is not as marked as that in vivo. SM-3 is, however, much easier to produce in tissue culture and, with the availability of 99mTc labelling, has allowed radioimmunoscintigraphy to be done as an outpatient procedure. This technique has important implications for the continuing management of patients with ovarian cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Radioimmunoscintigraphy of orbital metastases from ovarian carcinoma.

Radioimmunoscintigraphy with I-123 labeled monoclonal antibody HMFG1 has been used for imaging primary and metastatic ovarian neoplasms. Uptake of I-123 labeled HMFG1 is reported in a patient with an orbital metastasis from a primary ovarian adenocarcinoma. Radioimmunoscintigraphy may have a role to play in imaging metastatic orbital neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

99mTc radioimmunoscintigraphy of colorectal cancer.

The monoclonal antibody PR1A3 against a normal colonic columnar cell surface antigen has been labelled with 99mTc and used for imaging colorectal cancer. High uptake in undifferentiated cancer is seen. The tumour to mucosa ratio was up to 63:1 and the percentage of the injected activity in the tumour up to 1.7 X 10(-2%)g-1. As 99mTc is continuously available in a Nuclear Medicine Department, on receipt of a request the study may be completed within 24 h enabling radioimmunoscintigraphy to be used routinely in the management of patients with colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

A prospective study of the use of 111In-labelled monoclonal antibody against carcino-embryonic antigen in colorectal cancer and of some biological factors affecting its uptake.

This prospective study of radioimmunoscintigraphy using 111In-labelled, C46, a monoclonal antibody against carcino embryonic antigen, CEA, was undertaken in 23 patients with colorectal cancer, 18 with primary carcinomas, 3 with recurrences and 2 with metastases. A sensitivity of 95% and an accuracy of 91% was found. New observations through the use of two administered doses of antibody and the analysis of surgical specimens showed that for the low dose of antibody (average 0.76 mg) tumour uptake was 1.14 x 10(-2)% of the injected dose per gram, whereas on the higher dose (average 4.67 mg) the average tumour uptake was 6.77% (same units) p less than 0.01. Thus a six-fold increase of antibody caused a six-fold increase in tumour uptake, but no change was seen in the tumour to mucosa ratio 4.8 +/- 0.5 (low dose) and 4.0 +/- 1.0 (high dose). A further observation was that well and moderately differentiated tumours took up about four times more than poorly differentiated tumours (p less than 0.05). It was also found that tumour free lymph nodes had a six-fold greater uptake than tumour involved nodes (p less than 0.05) confirming other work with anti-CEA monoclonal antibody. In conclusion, although biological factors influence its efficacy, 111In labelled C46 anti-CEA is a suitable radiopharmaceutical for the radioimmunoscintigraphy of colorectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Therapeutic considerations in the use of intraperitoneal radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in ovarian carcinoma.

Eleven patients with ovarian cancer have been treated with a radiolabelled monoclonal antibody directed against human milk fat globule membrane (HMFG2). All patients had Stage III disease and had previously undergone debulking surgery followed by chemotherapy. Although 16 patients have been referred, 5 could not be treated. This paper discusses the criteria for patient selection and treatment, and describes the technical difficulties of this form of therapy and the complications sustained following the intraperitoneal instillation of up to 150 mCi iodine-131 labelled HMFG2. Significant complications included two ileo-cutaneous fistulae and peritonitis in one patient which prevented treatment from being given.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Uptake of 99mTc labelled (Fab')2 fragments of monoclonal antibody 225.28S by a benign ocular naevus.

Malignant melanoma is one of the most common primary intraocular neoplasms. Recently, 99mTc radiolabelled (Fab')2 fragments of monoclonal antibody 225.28S raised against cutaneous melanomas have been used for imaging uveal melanomas. We report here a case where uptake of radiolabelled antibody was observed in a choroidal melanoma of the right eye and a benign choroidal naevus of the left.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Dynamic scanning defines a colonic defect in severe idiopathic constipation.

A technique is described in which a chemical stimulus applied to the mucosa of the right colon is used to assess colonic motor function. Peroral intubation of the right colon was achieved using a fine polyvinylchloride (PVC) tube. Bisacodyl was used to initiate colonic motor activity, and colonic transit was monitored using 99mTc-DPTA and a gamma camera. In normal subjects there was rapid movement of the radiopharmaceutical from the right colon to the rectum. In patients with severe idiopathic constipation, a spectrum of colonic abnormality was observed from slow transit involving the rectum and sigmoid only to slow transit involving the whole colon. The hepatic flexure to rectum transit time for the 'head of the isotope column' in normals ranged from 1-10 minutes (mean 5.3 minutes), whereas in patients the transit time was 14-25 minutes in four patients and radioisotope did not reach the rectum by two hours in three other patients (controls v patients, p less than 0.01). Patients also showed relatively impaired transport of the isotope 'mass'. This technique has shown that the normal colon is capable of rapid effective transport in response to a standard stimulus, and that patients with severe idiopathic constipation have a definable colonic motor disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Kinetic analysis and probability mapping applied to the detection of ovarian cancer by radioimmunoscintigraphy.

Kinetic analysis with probability mapping is an objective method of serial image analysis applicable to radioimmunoscintigraphy. The technique is described and subjected to clinical testing by comparing the prediction of biopsy histology from the probability map in patients coming to operation. In those with ovarian cancer undergoing second-look laparotomy after completing full courses of chemotherapy, the prediction of histology in 108 biopsy sites was 45 true positives and 38 true negatives, sensitivity 80%, specificity 73%, accuracy 77% p less than 0.001. In patients with tumors less than 2 cm diameter, 41 biopsy sites were predicted with a specificity of 78% and an accuracy of 76%, p less than 0.01. The technique is reducing the need for second-look laparotomy in patients with subclinical and subradiological disease. Such disease is suitable for intraperitoneal radioimmunotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ocular radioimmunoscintigraphy: sensitivity and practical considerations.

Ocular radioimmunoscintigraphy was performed in 20 patients using 99mTc-labeled monoclonal antibody 225.28S, F(ab')2 fragments. Radioimmunoscintigraphy was positive in 13 patients and the diagnosis of ocular melanoma was confirmed by enucleation of the eye or clinical follow-up. Scintigraphy was positive in one patient with lymph node metastasis from an ocular melanoma. In six patients immunoscintigraphy was negative. Using this technique a sensitivity of 92.8% was achieved for detecting ocular melanomas. Single photon emission tomography helped to separate the lesions situated in the nasal quadrant of the eye from the adjacent nasopharyngeal activity. With appropriate imaging techniques small tumors of the order of 3 x 5 x 3 mm could be detected clearly.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗