PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Greenblatt

Publications and source records attributed to M Greenblatt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Radioprotection of mice by recombinant rat stem cell factor.

Treatment with recombinant rat stem cell factor (rSCF) protects mice from the lethal effects of irradiation. Mice treated with a single dose of rSCF prior to irradiation of up to 1150 rads [given as a split dose (1 rad = 0.01 Gy)] resulted in > 80% long-term survival, whereas a single injection given after the last dose of irradiation was not radioprotective. The combination of pre- and posttreatment (-20 h, -2 h, and +4 h) with rSCF resulted in 100% survival of otherwise lethally irradiated mice. Using this optimum schedule of rSCF administration, a radioprotective factor of 1.3-1.35 was achieved. The major cause of death in the control animals was massive bacteremia consisting of enteric organisms. The rSCF-treated animals had a much lower frequency of septicemia, due primarily to a rapid hematopoietic recovery of bone marrow function not evident in control animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The prevalence of psychotic symptoms in homeless adolescents.

This study was designed to gather data on psychotic symptoms in a sample of homeless adolescents. The sample included adolescents who were located in street sites as well as adolescents who were currently using shelter services. Ninety-six adolescents participated in this study (mean age = 16.1 years). The results indicated that 29% of the sample reported the experience of four or more psychotic symptoms on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule psychotic symptom index. These results suggested that the endorsement of psychotic symptoms is a relatively prominent feature of the self-report of psychopathology among homeless adolescents. These symptoms did not only include reports of paranoid ideation, which may be generally elevated as part of the stress of street life, but also included reports of ideas of reference and auditory hallucinations. Moreover, these symptoms were correlated with reports of affective disturbance, abusive life experience, and a particular type of substance use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Renovascular trauma: risk assessment, surgical management, and outcome.

In an effort to define better the indications for renovascular repair, risk factors for renal loss, and eventual patient outcome, records of 36 patients with 37 renovascular injuries were reviewed. The renal artery alone was injured in nine kidneys, the renal vein alone in 12, and both the main renal vein and artery in six. Segmental vessel injuries alone were noted in ten kidneys. Two patients died before repair could be attempted. Eleven nephrectomies were performed. Vascular repair was attempted in the remaining 24 renal units either as isolated procedures or combined with renal parenchymal repair. Compared to 78 patients with only parenchymal injuries, those with renovascular injuries were more severely injured as assessed by nephrectomy rate, Injury Severity Score, transfusion requirement, number of major complications, and death. Fifteen patients sustained main renal artery injuries of whom six underwent immediate nephrectomy. Nine attempts at repair were performed. Six patients had either persistent thrombosis or preservation of only marginal function. One patient died in the immediate postoperative period of associated injuries. Complete renal preservation was achieved in only two kidneys (14%). Nephrectomy was required for the management of three of 12 main renal vein injuries, but in none of ten patients with segmental vascular injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Residential instability in adolescent inpatients.

The case records of 225 randomly selected adolescent psychiatric inpatients were reviewed to determine prevalence of residential instability. The study also examined the demographic, family composition, life event, and behavior characteristics associated with residential instability. Approximately 30% of the sample had experienced a high rate of residential instability (i.e., from 5 to 20 domicile moves). Analyses indicated that residential instability was associated with a set of characteristics that included caregiver neglect, caregiver abuse, parental separation, multiple hospitalizations, lower IQ, indices of poor impulse control, and antisocial behavior. The possible contribution of residential instability to treatment resistance and the development of antisocial behaviors in some adolescents is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Psychiatric residency, role models, and leadership.

Two hundred fifty ex-fellowship psychiatrists answered a questionnaire on their administrative and other professional experiences during and after residency as part of a study to determine the relationship between psychiatric training experiences and interest in administration. A large majority of subjects had had role models during training. The subjects' interest in administration had grown significantly during residency in the direction of their role models' interest. Postresidency interest in administration was significantly correlated with supervision by a psychiatrist administrator and with the number of hours subjects spent on administrative work.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Hepatic hydrothorax is a relative contraindication to chest tube insertion.

Two patients with known chronic ascites developed new massive right-sided pleural effusions. Chest tube placement led to massive protein and electrolyte depletion and death of both patients. Patients who have cirrhosis and massive right-sided pleural effusions, in general, have congenital diaphragmatic defects that predispose them to life-threatening fluid depletion when chest tubes are inserted. Hepatic hydrothorax is a relative contraindication to chest tube insertion.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

After commissioner, what?

One hundred nine psychiatrists who had been commissioners of state departments of mental health answered a questionnaire about their experiences after being commissioners. Most of these former commissioners got jobs they wanted after leaving the post. Those who experienced "decompression" adjustment difficulties tended to be less satisfied with subsequent jobs and were willing to serve again as commissioner. An important factor in decompression was a sense of loss and depression over having to abandon important unfinished work. The authors speculate that the large-scale opportunities for challenge and mastery characteristic of the job of commissioner are rarely matched in subsequent jobs.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

Special problems facing the psychiatrist-administrator.

Psychiatrists who become administrators often find themselves in an unfamiliar world of planning, budget and cost control, labor relations, and mental health law. They discover that the physical and mental demands of leadership are great, their role makes them highly visible, and their future is uncertain. Psychiatric administrators in general hospitals are in a unique position of competing for resources with medicine and surgery. In addition, the need for linkages to the community challenges the psychiatric administrator to deliver services to defined catchment areas, identify cases at risk, and establish halfway houses and similar facilities. While the author discusses primarily the stresses and problems of being a psychiatric administrator, he also says there are special satisfactions of the executive role.

Attitude↗
PubMed1978

The grieving spouse.

Loss of a spouse presents serious risks to the psychological and physical health and well-being of the survivor. This is particularly true for women. Physical disease, hospitalization, and mortality in widows all exceed expected rates. The author reviews the phases of mourning, the factors related to pathological grief, and the ways in which grief is resolved. He describes widow-to-widow care systems, which seem to have substantial merit. Pastoral counseling and in some cases psychiatric care and medication can be helpful, but time is the greatest healer of all.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Success rates in psychiatry and neurology certification examinations.

The authors traced the progress of a sample of 200 psychiatrists and 150 neurologists on the ABPN examination. Overall success rates were high-64% of psychiatrists and 75% of neurologists became Board-certified. Performance on the written exam was a significant predictor of outcome for both groups-88% of psychiatrists and 94% of neurologists who passed Part I on their first try eventually obtained certification. Given the criticism that has been directed toward the oral exam, it was interesting that only 10% of psychiatrists and 5% of neurologists failed to become diplomates because of difficulties with Part II. Future research will deal with the validity and reliability of the oral exam.

Achievement↗
PubMed1977

Illustrious psychiatric administrators.

The authors found several common themes in intensive interviews with 20 prominent psychiatric administrators. The decision to go into administrative work resulted from strong interest in public service, frustration in other roles, and/or situational factors. Administration was learned by doing and by interaction with colleagues in the field or other knowledgeable individuals. The job of administrator is often perceived as stressful, but it offers rewards such as increased autonomy, opportunities for self-growth, prestige, and the potential for a broader contribution to mental health.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1977

Efficacy of ECT in affective and schizophrenic illness.

The author reports on studies of the comparative efficacy of ECT, the newer psychotropic drugs, and combinations of both in the treatment of depression and schizophrenia. He concludes that ECT is indicated for acutely suicidal and other severely impaired depressive patients but not necessarily for schizophrenic patients, although ECT has been successful with some schizophrenic patients for whom drugs were ineffective.

Amitriptyline↗