Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Grobovschek.
The integral dose and organ dose produced by spinal lumbosacral CT and lumbosacral functional myelography were compared, using a phantom. The value of these methods of investigation is discussed.
The diseases most frequently resulting in a chronic shoulder-hand syndrome are definitely of a post-traumatic nature and are later - after a varying period - often combined with degenerative changes. The tendency to injury is enhanced by the particularly great mobility of the shoulder joint. Inflammatory changes - e.g. of bacterial, rheumatic origin - are much rarer. The authors present two patients with rare neoplastic lesions in the region of the shoulder-blade and show how the disease was identified via various differential diagnostic methods.
On the basis of fifteen own observations in the years 1978 to 1984 as well as the literature, clinic diagnostic and therapy of epidural spinal abscess are represented. Myelography and CT are the leading methods after clinic and neurology must already lead to a hospital admission in case of the slightest signs of an incipient transverse lesion of te cord with paraplegia. Laminectomy as well as suction and through-drainage are methods of choice, conservative treatment is an exception.
The CCT changes in multiple sclerosis patients were described, 60 patients of them with a clinically certain illness of more than 5 years. The indication for the CCT of the etiologically still unknown disease is discussed.
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A case of acute brain abscess in a 59-year-old man is presented. The primary CT findings were misinterpreted as a brain infarct or possibly a tumour. Under steroid therapy an activation of the brain abscess was observed in only nine days and in spite of an immediate operation the patient died.
The case histories of six patients with spinal C1/C2 region lesions are presented. All cases were misinterpreted by clinical features and radiological findings over a long period. Radiological evaluation documents the significant improvement in diagnosis by supplementary use of computer assisted myelography.
The amount of exposure of the cranium is calculated on the basis of the measured dose distribution in craniocaudal direction and on the axial planes of the Alderson phantom. The integral dose of the cranium and the local dose at sensitive organs are used as a measure of radiation exposure.
3 cases with fractures of cervical vertebra are presented in order to demonstrate the progress as well as the advantages of computed tomography in contrast to conventional x-ray examination.
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The functional lumbosacral myelography including the dorsolumbar region was performed on 2,000 cases which are described. The side effects are shown. Three principal groups are discussed: (1) myelographies with 10 ml Metrizamide, (2) myelographies with 15 ml metrizamide (3) remyelographies with metrizamide.
Congenital or developmental defects of the apex of the pyramid of the temporal bone and cystic degeneration are extremely rare in this region. A space-occupying growth, such as a neoplasm, primary or secondary, or a vascular malformation, should be excluded by means of computed tomography and angiography.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Two children (aged 10 and 12 years) were admitted unconscious to the neurosurgical department after traffic accidents. Both developed a 6th nerve paralysis on the next day. One patient was able to communicate from the 2nd day and died on the 8th day in an anuric state without major neurological deficit. The second patient remained deeply comatose, tetraplegic, and required intermittent artificial respiration: She died of pneumonia on the 26th day. Neuropathological examination revealed a ponto-medullary rent in each case: additionally there was avulsion of small arteries over the pyramids, haemorrhage and small focal infarcts in the distribution of perforating arteries in the medulla and pons, and abundant retraction balls in longitudinal fibre tracts of the brain stem. The cases show for the first time that traumatic ponto-medullary tears are not always rapidly fatal, and demonstrate that primary focal brain stem trauma may occur in the absence of diffuse trauma of the white substance.
In 11 of 13 patients with arachnoid cysts in the region of the cerebrum, diagnosis and indication for surgery could only be established by computer tomography. In one patient, a chronic subdural haematoma combined with a cyst was found, in one case a cyst could also be diagnosed by angiography and pneumoencephalography. In II patients there was a space-occupying effect of the cyst with compression of cerebral tissue and pronounced neurological symptoms, so that a cyst resection or removal was carried out in 10 patients and a shunt operation in one case.
The importance of the myelography in comparison to CT (CT-myelography) is demonstrated in a patient with an intradural neurinoma.