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M Grundmann

Publications and source records attributed to M Grundmann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Evaluation and comparison of therapeutic monitoring of whole-blood levels of cyclosporin A and its metabolites in renal transplantation by HPLC and RIA methods.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the work was to evaluate the possibility to estimate the level of cyclosporin A (CyA) metabolites as the difference of radioimmunoassay (RIA) non-specific and RIA specific methods. METHODS: Blood samples of renal transplant patients were analyzed by three different methods: RIA specific method (CYCLO-Trac, DiaSorin, USA) (RIA(SP)), RIA non-specific method (Immunotech, Czech Republic) (RIA(NS)), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. RESULTS: Although values obtained by RIA(SP) correlated well those obtained by HPLC (RIA(SP)=0.995.HPLC+9.68; r(2)=0.962, n=448), the results of HPLC methods were lower by 8%. The values obtained by RIA(NS) were 2.57 times higher than the values obtained by RIA(SP) (RIA(SP)=0.356RIA(NS); r(2)=0.713, n=448). The ratio (CyA+CyA metabolites)/(CyA) calculated as the ratio RIA(NS)/RIA(SP) values for 42 renal transplant patients was relatively stable for each particular patient. The sum of selected CyA metabolites (M1+M17+M21) measured by HPLC correlated well with that estimated from the difference of RIA(NS)-RIA(SP): HPLC(metab)=0.921.(RIA(NS)-RIA(SP))+21.3; (r(2)=0.746, n=448). CONCLUSION: The combination of both the specific and non-specific methods for the determination of CyA presents an improved means for the TDM of CyA and CyA metabolites in renal transplant patients. Moreover, a combination of both methods can help to elucidate some unexpected events, such as the persistence of high cyclosporin blood levels.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed2000

High-performance liquid chromatographic method for therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclosporine A and its two metabolites in renal transplant patients.

A novel fast HPLC method was developed for the determination of cyclosporine A (CyA) and its two metabolites M17 (AM1) and M21 (AM4N) in blood. Whole blood was precipitated with zinc sulphate, extracted with diethyl ether, evaporated, dissolved in aqueous methanol and partitioned twice with n-hexane. Chromatography was carried out using a microbore RP-column under isocratic elution with acetonitrile-methanol-water (200:80:140, v/v/v) at 70 degrees C and a detector set at 205 nm. Linearity for all three compounds was tested in the range of 1-1000 ng/ml. Recovery was 97-109%, and a coefficient of variation was 1.6-8.8% depending on the particular compound and its concentration. The method was used for a group of renal transplant patients having an inadequate response to CyA therapy in order to evaluate the possible role of CyA and its metabolites on the occurrence of hypertension and other toxicological events.

Calibration↗
PubMed1995

[Dopamine (D2) receptor SPECT with 123I-iodobenzamide (IBZM) in diagnosis of Parkinson syndrome].

For effective drug therapy of Parkinson's syndrome (PS), it is necessary to distinguish between idiopathic and secondary genesis and PS in neuronal systemic degeneration. [123I]Iodobenzamide ([123I] IBZM) is a radiolabelled benzamide and binds specifically to the cerebral dopamine receptor (D2) in the basal ganglia. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the [123I]IBZM D2-receptor SPECT in the differential diagnosis of PS. A total of 38 patients (20 females, 18 males; age 61 +/- 13.3 years), with typical extrapyramidal symptoms were investigated. Twenty suffered from idiopathic and 11 from secondary PS. Seven patients in whom a neurological disease could be excluded, served as controls. SPECT data were acquired 90 min after i.v. injection of 185-200 MBq [123I]IBZM. After reconstruction with a Butterworth filter (cutoff frequency 0.5) and attenuation correction (coefficient 0.12 cm(-1)) we quantify the IBZM basal ganglia uptake as ratio to teh frontal D2-receptor-free cortex (BG/FC). The patients with idiopathic PS (IPS) and the controls revealed high and specific IBZM uptake in the basal ganglia compared to the adjacent frontal brain tissue (IPS: BG/FC = 1.44 +/- 0.10; controls: BG/FC = 1.48 +/- 0.10). A significant decreased striatal IBZM uptake is found in cases with secondary PS (BG/FC = 1.25 +/- 0.10; p<0.0001, t-test compared to controls and IPS). The patient group with IPS can be subdivided into patients without L-dopatherapy (BG/FC = 1.49 +/- 0.07), patients with longstanding L-dopa-therapy demonstrating significantly decreased striatal IBZM uptake (BG/FC = 1.31 +/- 0.04; p<0.0001, t-test compared to controls and other IPS), which correlates pathophysiological with a reduction of free D2 receptors, and patients with de novo PS showing a slight increased striatal IBZM uptake (BG/FC = 1.56 +/- 0.05), which represents D2-receptor stimulation. [123I]IBZM-SPECT is a sensitive and non-invasive test for striatal D2-receptor density and activity which permits relatively clear discrimination between idiopathic and secondary PS and yields important information for differential therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Genome type analysis of adenoviruses: isolates from one year from the Hannover area.

Adenoviruses (AV), isolated from 138 children during the year 1981 in the Hannover area, were studied by DNA restriction analysis with the enzymes BamHI, BglII, BstEII, EcoRI, HindIII, KpnI, and SmaI and compared with the respective prototypes. Varying fragment patterns were depicted and genome types analyzed. Prototype-like strains of AV1 and 5 were not found. Types 2, 5, 1, 3, and 7 showed decreasing genetic variation in that order. Altered restriction sites were physically mapped on the genome; they appeared to be randomly distributed. The high genetic variability of AV2 and 5 is remarkable for this study population, limited in time and space. Clinical and epidemiological data were also presented in relation to serotypes.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1987

Levodopa and monoamine oxidase inhibitor combination therapy. A controlled clinical trial.

During a long-term double-blind study, which began February 1985, we have treated 16 patients with Morbus Parkinson or Parkinson's syndrome with deprenyl or identically appearing placebo tablets. The aim of the study is to ascertain whether a reduction of other antiparkinsonian medication, especially Madopar, can be achieved with deprenyl, in order to minimize the known late undesirable collateral effects ("on-off"-phenomena, dyskinesias). The criteria used in evaluation of the course of disease are the clinical-neurological findings as well as a series of motor performance tests. The results to date indicate that the dose of Madopar could be reduced in 7 of the 16 patients. Two of these patients were receiving Madopar alone, while 5 had been given anti-cholinergics in addition. In one female patient the dose of Madopar had to be reduced due to the development of dyskinesias. It is noteworthy that the psychological condition of the patients remained constant. There was no increase in side-effects, e.g. headaches, dizziness, nausea, etc. with administration of the study substance. In 3 patients with longstanding Parkinson's disease treated with Madopar or Nacom, who were not included in the study, the doses of the above drugs could be maintained or reduced by addition of deprenyl.

Aged↗