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Biomedical subjects

M Gustafsson

Publications and source records attributed to M Gustafsson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Terbutaline slow-release tablets in children with asthma. A comparison with t.i.d. beta 2-agonist therapy.

The effects of 5 mg slow-release terbutaline sulphate tablets (Bricanyl Depot) given twice daily were compared with those of ordinary oral beta 2-agonist treatment given three times daily. The study was open, randomized and cross-over and was carried out over 8 weeks in 18 children with bronchial asthma. Compared with ordinary medication, the slow-release tablets obtained higher morning expiratory peak flow values and an improvement in the asthma symptoms during the night and during exercise (P less than 0.05). No differences were found in side effects in spite of a higher total daily dose during the period with terbutaline slow-release tablets. The slow-release tablets were preferred by 15 of 18 children and their families when the effects, side effects and dosage were evaluated.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Radiation exposure and estimate of late effects of chest roentgen examination in children.

The energy imparted and the radiation dose to the lungs, the breasts, the thyroid and to the bone marrow at chest radiography of infants and children were measured or calculated and the risk of inducing future malignant diseases was estimated. The radiation doses to the various organs corresponded to 5 to 30 per cent of the yearly background radiation. In infants of both sexes as well as for boys at a later age, radiation-induced leukemia and thyroid carcinoma constituted the greatest risk of future malignancies. After infancy, girls were more exposed to the risk of future breast carcinoma. On the whole, the risk of developing breast carcinoma constitutes a greater problem than does, for example, the risk of leukemia. Reversing the beam direction from postero-anterior to anteroposterior increases this risk while the risk of leukemia will remain unchanged.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1982

Absorbed doses at CT of the kidneys and at urography.

Radiation doses to the skin, ovaries and testes were measured at urography and CT examinations of the kidneys and adrenals. The absorbed dose to the breasts and bone marrow at CT was estimated as well as the mean bone marrow dose at urography. The results were compared with previous measurements of absorbed doses and energy imparted at abdominal angiography including nephroangiography. CT of the kidneys involves a considerably lower risk for late biologic effects to the patient than urography and, in particular, angiography.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1981

Personnel exposure to radiation at some angiographic procedures.

Personnel exposure to radiation was investigated during radiological procedures where x-ray shielding is particularly difficult. Ten percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographies, four percutaneous transhepatic portographies, and four coronary angiographies are included in the study. Exposure to radiation was measured at several anatomical sites for both the radiologist and the assisting nurse. Effective dose equivalents as proposed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) were estimated from the registered absorbed doses.

Angiography↗
PubMed1981

Radiation doses to children at urologic radiography.

At urologic radiography of infants and children, the energy imparted and the absorbed doses to gonads, breasts and thyroid were measured and the mean absorbed dose to the bone marrow calculated. The influence on the doses of different screen-film systems, numbers of exposures and the projection used was analysed. The risk of future radiation induced biologic effects was calculated.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1979

Energy imparted in roentgen diagnostic procedures. Results of two surveys during the periods 1958-1960 and 1974-1976 related to technical modifications.

A comparison of the energy imparted during diagnostic radiographic procedures at the University Hospital in Lund during 1958 to 1960 and during 1974 revealed an unexpected, low decrease during the intermediate period. The influence of various technical factors on the irradiation of the patient was estimated and attempts made to explain the discrepancy between expected and measured energy imparted during 1974 to 1976. Considering the growth in frequency of examinations from 1960 to 1975 an increase in the population irradiation from diagnostic radiology is deduced for that period. The consequences of an optimum use of the technical modifications could have led to a decrease.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1977

Pattern of radioactivity in the CSF after intravenous injection of 99mTc.

It has been shown that intravenously injected pertechnetate enters to CSF space and also that a transport of pertechnetate ions to the blood occurs when injected into the ventricles. Activity curves obtained by repeated samplings of CSF after intravenous injection of pertechnetate appears to differ at different levels of the intraventricular pressure but also in patients with different types of intracranial pathology, i.e. in patients with ventricular dilatation due to hydrocephalus and due to cerebral atrophy.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1977

Total radiation dosage from X-ray examinations in rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic skeletal diseases. A study of two cases.

Young patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic diseases of the skeleton are increasingly being operated on with replacement of major joints. The great number of associated X-ray examinations performed on these patients has caused some anxiety amongst orthopaedic surgeons. Two patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis have been studied. An attempt was made to calculate the total radiation dose to bone marrow and gonads. For lack of recommendations for the maximum permissible radiation dose to patients, the dose calculated has been compared with the maximum permissible dose of radiation workers, and with the dose limit for non-occupational irradiation of individuals. The yearly absorbed dose in these two patients is much lower than the maximum permissible dose of radiation workers and only slightly higher than the dose limit for non-occupational exposure of individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Bone growth in the rabbit after irradiation.

The effect on bone growth of two locally given, different, unfractionated radiation doses (0.1 and 24 Gy) was tested in a rabbit litter aged 57 days. The effects on growth were registered with roentgen stereophotogrammetric length measurements for 75 days after irradiation. Growth of the right irradiated tibia was compared with the growth of the left non-irradiated tibia. After 7 to 9 days, 24 Gy had caused a linear fall in growth to about 15 per cent. After a period of complete cessation, a slight growth was registered. 0.1 Gy had no significant growth retarding effect.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Irradiation to the thyroid gland at cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography in children.

Irradiation to the thyroid gland was measured during cardiac catheterization in 16 infants and 30 children aged 1 to 13 years. The doses from fluoroscopy, full-scale angiocardiography, and cineradiography were measured separately with thermoluminescent dosimeters and, in addition, the exposure-area product was assessed during fluoroscopy with a transparent ionization chamber. Median value of the absorbed dose to the thyroid from the complete heart investigation was 370 mrad in infants and 260 mrad in children. The highest values and also the greatest range in dosage were observed in infants. The quotient of the thyroid-absorbed dose divided by the integral dose or the dose per exposed film area was also highest in infants, due to anatomical conditions. The absorbed dose to the thyroid during heart catheterization comes almost exclusively from scattered radiation. By appropriate examination technique this dose can be kept within acceptable limits.

Adolescent↗