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M H Blanker

Publications and source records attributed to M H Blanker.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Prevalence of erectile dysfunction: a systematic review of population-based studies.

A systematic review was conducted on the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in the general population. Studies were retrieved which reported prevalence rates of ED in the general population. Using a specially developed criteria list, the methodological quality of these studies was assessed and data on prevalence rates were extracted. We identified 23 studies from Europe (15), USA (5), Asia (2) and Australia (1). On our 12-item criteria list, the methodological quality ranged from 5 to 12. The prevalence of ED ranged from 2% in men younger than 40 y to 86% in men 80 y and older. Comparison between prevalence data is hampered by major methodological differences between studies, particularly in the use of various questionnaires and different definitions of ED. We stress the importance of providing all necessary information when reporting on the prevalence of ED. Moreover, international studies should be conducted to establish the true prevalence of ED across countries.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2001

Erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction in a community-based sample of men 50 to 78 years old: prevalence, concern, and relation to sexual activity.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence rates of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction, associated bother, and their relation to sexual activity in a population-based sample of elderly men.Methods. Data were collected from 1688 men by way of self-administered questionnaires (including the International Continence Society male sex questionnaire) and measurements at a health center and urology outpatient department. RESULTS: The prevalence of significant erectile dysfunction (ie, erections of severely reduced rigidity or no erections) increased from 3% in men 50 to 54 years old to 26% in men 70 to 78 years old. In the same age strata, the prevalence of significant ejaculatory dysfunction (ie, ejaculations with significantly reduced volume or no ejaculations) increased from 3% to 35%. Pain or discomfort during ejaculation was rare (1%) and independent of age. In general, men were more concerned about erectile dysfunction than about ejaculatory dysfunction. However, most men had no or only little concern about their dysfunction. The percentage of men who reported being sexually active declined with increasing age and was lower in men with erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction and in men without a partner. In sexually active men, 17% to 28% had no normal erections, indicating that with advancing age normal erections are not an absolute prerequisite for a sexually active life. CONCLUSIONS: Erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction are common in elderly men. The results of this study indicate that these conditions are much less of a problem for older men than previously suggested.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2001

Voided volumes: normal values and relation to lower urinary tract symptoms in elderly men, a community-based study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the normal values of voided volumes and explore the relation between bladder capacity and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in elderly men. METHODS: Data were collected from 1688 men 50 to 78 years old recruited from the population of Krimpen aan den IJssel, The Netherlands. Measurements included self-administered questionnaires (including the International Prostate Symptom Score), a 3-day frequency volume chart, transrectal ultrasonography of the prostate, uroflowmetry, and postvoid residual volume determination. RESULTS: The 24-hour voided volumes were independent of age (median 1506 mL; 25th to 75th percentiles 1160 to 1950). The average volume per void and functional bladder capacity (FBC, defined as the largest single voided volume) declined with advancing age. Moreover, FBC was lower in men with a reduced maximum flow rate (less than 15 mL/s) and independent of the postvoid residual volume. Multivariate analyses showed no significant effect of prostate enlargement on the FBC. FBC was strongly related to LUTS: a low FBC coincided with higher International Prostate Symptom Scores. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the presence of moderate to severe symptoms (International Prostate Symptom Score greater than 7) was independent of prostate volume, but dependent on age, a reduced flow rate, postvoid residual volume, and FBC. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective studies are needed to establish the causal relation between FBC and LUTS. Frequency volume charts are a valid, easy-to-use, noninvasive method to determine FBC as an aspect of urinary tract (dys)function in the evaluation of men with LUTS and to determine treatment options for LUTS.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2001

Correlates for erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction in older Dutch men: a community-based study.

OBJECTIVES: We estimated correlates for erectile dysfunction (ED) (defined as a report of erections of severely reduced rigidity or no erections) and ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD) (defined as a report of ejaculations with significantly reduced volume or no ejaculations) in a large community sample of older men. DESIGN: A community-based study. SETTING: Krimpen aan den IJssel, a municipality near Rotterdam, The Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1,688 (50% of the eligible) men age 50 to 78. MEASUREMENTS: Presence of ED and EjD (International Continence Society sex questionnaire), urinary tract symptoms (international prostate symptom score), prostate enlargement (transrectal ultrasonography), urinary flow obstruction (uroflowmetry), obesity (body mass index), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular problems. Determined marital status, educational level, and smoking and drinking habits. Population attributable risk (PAR) was estimated for correlates that yielded from multiple logistic regression models on ED and EjD. RESULTS: Multiple logistic regression analyses yielded the following correlates for significant ED: age, smoking, obesity, urinary tract symptoms, and treatment for cardiovascular problems and COPD. Age, erectile function, urinary symptoms, and previous prostate operations proved to be correlates for significant EjD. Urinary symptoms and obesity have the highest PAR for ED, whereas decreased erectile function has the highest PAR for EjD. CONCLUSIONS: Age, obesity, and urinary tract symptoms are the most-important correlates of significant ED in the population. Cardiac problems, COPD, and smoking are other independent correlates. Significant EjD is largely related to age, decreased erectile function, and previous prostate surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Strong effects of definition and nonresponse bias on prevalence rates of clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia: the Krimpen study of male urogenital tract problems and general health status.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the community, and study the influence of BPH definition, age and response bias on prevalence rates. Subjects and methods A community-based longitudinal study of 3924 men aged 50-75 years was conducted in a Dutch municipality (Krimpen) near Rotterdam. Data from those responding were collected using self-administered questionnaires, and during visits to the health centre and outpatient clinic of the urology department. The questionnaires included symptom scores on general well being (Inventory of Subjective Health, ISH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (International Prostate Symptom Score, IPSS). A short version of the questionnaire (including the IPSS and ISH) was sent to a random sample of those not responding. All subjects participating fully underwent a physical examination, uroflowmetry, transrectal ultrasonometry of the prostate and had their prostate specific antigen level measured. Age-specific prevalence rates of BPH were estimated using different definitions, based on one or more of symptom severity, prostate volume and maximum flow rate. The influence of response bias was estimated using the questionnaires. RESULTS: The response rate was 50% (full participants). Of those not responding, 55% completed a short version of the questionnaire (partial participants). Compared with full participants, partial participants had a lower IPSS and slightly lower ISH. The prevalence rates of clinical BPH in the study population was 9-20% (95% confidence interval, 8-11% to 22-27%) depending on the definition used. After adjusting for nonresponse bias, the age-group specific prevalences for 5-year age strata were 1.1-1.8 times lower for all BPH definitions used. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence rates of clinical BPH depend largely on the definition used and increase strongly with age. The effect of age is stronger when more variables are included in the definition. Adjustment for response bias results in substantially lower prevalence rates.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2000

Normal voiding patterns and determinants of increased diurnal and nocturnal voiding frequency in elderly men.

PURPOSE: We determined the normal value of diurnal and nocturnal voiding frequency, and its determinants in a population based sample of elderly men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected data on 1,688 men 50 to 78 years old recruited from the population of Krimpen, The Netherlands. Measurements consisted of self-administered questionnaires, including the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS), a 3-day frequency-volume chart, transrectal prostatic ultrasound, uroflowmetry and post-void residual urine volume measurement. RESULTS: Diurnal voiding frequency is independent of age and more frequent in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Nocturia 2 or more times is present in 30% of men 50 to 54 and in 60% of those 70 to 78 years old, while nocturia 3 or more times is present in 4% and 20%, respectively. In addition, nocturia is strongly associated with BPH and nocturnal polyuria but apparently not with cardiovascular symptoms, hypertension or diabetes mellitus. We noted poor agreement of the responses on the frequency-volume charts and the I-PSS question on nocturia. Using the I-PSS leads to a higher prevalence of nocturia. CONCLUSIONS: Diurnal frequency is independent of age (median 5 voids, interquartile range 4 to 6) but higher in men with BPH. Nocturia increases with advancing age and is more frequent in men with nocturnal polyuria. BPH is an independent risk factor for nocturia and increased diurnal voiding frequency. In those with nocturia there is a great difference in subjective symptoms and objective data, indicating that the weight of the I-PSS question on nocturia for making treatment decisions should be reconsidered.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence rates of erectile dysfunction in the Dutch general population. Effects of definition, clinical relevance and duration of follow-up in the Krimpen Study.

This study aims to describe the incidence rate of erectile dysfunction (ED) in older men in the Netherlands according to three definitions. The influence of the duration of follow-up on the incidence rate is also explored. In a large community-based follow-up study, 1661 men aged 50-75 y completed the International Continence Society sex questionnaire and a question on sexual activity, at baseline and at a mean of 2.1 and 4.2 y of follow-up. We defined 'ED' as a report of erections with 'reduced rigidity' or worse; 'Significant_ED' as 'severely reduced rigidity' or 'no erections'; and 'Clinically_Relevant_ED' as either 'ED' reported as 'quite a problem' or 'a serious problem', or 'Significant_ED' reported as at least 'a bit of a problem'. Incidence rates of ED status were calculated in those men who completed at least one period of follow-up and were not diagnosed with prostate cancer (n = 1604). For 'ED' the incidence rate (cases per 1000 person-years) is 99 and ranges over the 10-y age groups from 77 (50-59 y) to 205 (70-78 y); for 'Significant_ED' these rates were 33, 21, and 97, respectively and for 'Clinically_Relevant_ED' 28, 25, and 39, respectively. In general, incidence rates should not vary with the duration of follow-up. However, for 'ED' the 4.2 y incidence rate is about 69% of the 2.1 y incidence rate. This study presents incidence rates, for the general population, as well as based on a definition of ED that takes concern/bother into account. 'Clinically_Relevant_ED' has a lower increase in incidence with increasing age than other definitions that do not take concern/bother into account. The phenomenon of lower incidence rates with longer duration of follow-up may account for the differences in reported incidence rates between different studies. The effects of differences related to the duration of follow-up should be taken into consideration in future incidence reports.

Age Factors↗