PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M H Laudat

Publications and source records attributed to M H Laudat.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Adrenal adenoma secreting exclusively estrogens in a woman during her reproductive period. 11-year follow-up].

Feminizing tumours are rare, most are malignant, and they are usually seen in children and male adults. We report an 11-year follow-up of a feminizing adrenal tumour which was unusual on three accounts: it was a benign adenoma, it secreted estrogens only and the patient was an female in her active reproductive years. To our knowledge, similar cases have not yet been published.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Plasma lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins AI, AII, and B in renal transplanted children: what risk for accelerated atherosclerosis?

The aim of the study was to investigate the atherosclerosis risk factors related to hyperlipidemia in renal transplanted children. Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins (Apo) AI, AII and B, and the major lipoprotein classes separated by gradient ultracentrifugation were compared in 30 renal transplanted patients and 14 healthy children. Hyperlipidemia was present in 66% of the transplanted children. 'Positive' risk factors for atherosclerosis (high plasma cholesterol and Apo B) were present in hypercholesterolemic and combined hyperlipidemic subgroups. All transplanted children, whether normo- or hyperlipidemic, presented essentially 'negative' risk factors for atherosclerosis, i.e. significantly higher levels of Apo AI and AII in plasma and in high-density lipoprotein HDL2 and higher Apo AI/Apo B and/or Apo AII/B ratios. Repeated evaluations (over a 12-month period) in transplanted children indicated relatively frequent individual changes in the lipid pattern, but not in Apo AI and AII content. These results suggest that the risks for accelerated atherosclerosis related to hyperlipidemia may be considered as moderate in transplanted children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effects of 10 days administration of percutaneous dihydrotestosterone on the pituitary-testicular axis in normal men.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) was administered percutaneously in a dose of 125 mg twice daily for 10 days to 12 normal men. Basal plasma levels of testosterone (T), 17 beta-estradiol (E2), and LH were measured every 2 days in these men and every 5 days in subjects from a control group receiving placebo. The daytime course of plasma hormone levels between two DHT applications was studied in six men. LRH tests were performed in nine men before and on day 10 of DHT administration. Plasma levels of free T and free E2, and T - E-binding globulin capacity and affinity were measured in six men before and on days 5 and 10 of DHT administration. Before DHT administration, there was no difference in basal plasma levels of T, DHT, E2, and LH between the control and the DHT-treated group. In the latter group, plasma DHT levels increased sharply from 0.52 +/- (+/- SE) to 3.70 +/- 0.92 ng/ml on day 2 (P less than 0.001) during DHT treatment. Plasma T, E2, and LH levels decreased significantly from 7.33 +/- 0.74 to 1.33 +/- 0.54 ng/ml (P less than 0.001), from 46 +/- 5 to 20 +/- 3 pg/ml (P less than 0.01), and from 7.8 +/- 1 to 4.2 mIU/ml (P less than 0.05), respectively. Except for a small decrease in plasma DHT (P less than 0.05) 12 h after the previous DHT application, hormone levels were stable during the time between the two DHT treatments. The responses of LH and FSH to LRH were not different before and on day 10 of DHT administration. Plasma levels of free T and free E2 as well as those of total T and E2 decreased; however, the percentages of unbound T and E2 were not different before and during DHT administration. T - E-binding globulin capacity and affinity were not modified by DHT administration. Changes in plasma DHT levels were negatively correlated with those in The results of this study demonstrate that 10-days DHT administration has an inhibitory effect on the hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular axis in normal men.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Gynecomastia: effect of prolonged treatment with dihydrotestosterone by the percutaneous route].

Gynaecomastia is a frequent disorder, sometimes painful or psychologically disturbing. Percutaneous dihydrotestosterone (DHT) was used to treat 30 patients with idiopathic gynaecomastia (IG) and 17 patients in whom the condition was associated with hypogonadism. All patients complaining of pain were relieved. Breast enlargement regressed or was substantially reduced in 22 of the IG patients and in all cases with hypogonadism, except those with gonadal dysgenesis. Plasma levels of testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol were significantly lowered in patients with IG as compared with controls. There was a significant increase in plasma DHT levels and in plasma androgen/estradiol ratio in all cases. The beneficial effects of the drug were manifest within 1 to 2 months in responsive patients. These effects may be due to a local and/or systemic activity. It is suggested that this medium-term treatment without side-effects should be tried in all cases of hypogonadism with gynaecomastia and in IG before considering more drastic therapeutic measures.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

Studies on the treatment of idiopathic gynaecomastia with percutaneous dihydrotestosterone.

We have studied clinical and endocrine parameters in a group (group A) of forth men referred to us because of persistent idiopathic gynaecomastia (of more than 18 months duration), before and during the administration of percutaneous dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The endocrine parameters (testosterone (T), 17 beta-oestradiol (E2), DHT, gonadotrophins (FSH and LH) and prolactin (PRL), were compared to those of control groups of 12 healthy men on DHT therapy (group B) and 10 on placebo (group C). Local administration of DHT was followed by the complete disappearance of gynaecomastia in 10 patients, partial regression in 19 and no change in 11 patients after 4 to 20 weeks of percutaneous DHT (125 mg twice daily). Before treatment the T + DHT/E2 ratio was significantly (P less than 0.001) lower in group A 244 +/- 21 (SEM) than in groups B and C (361 +/- 21) while T, DHT and E2 concentrations were all within the normal range. During DHT treatment plasma hormone levels were measured in 26 patients from group A: DHT levels increases significantly (day 0: 1.63 +/- 0.14 nmol/l; day 15: 12.8 +/- 1.6 nmol/l, P less than 0.001) while T and E2 levels fell significantly (T: day 0: 22.6 +/- 1.2 nmol/l; day 15: 11.0 +/- 1.5 nmol/l, P less than 0.001; E2: day 0: 110.5 +/- 7.12 pmol/l; day 15: 86.79 +/- 9.4 pmol/l, P less than 0.01). The T/E2 ratio decreased from 231 +/- 20 to 164 +/- 27 (P less than 0.05) while the T + DHT/E2 ratio increased significantly (P less than 0.02) to a normal mean value (day 15: 354 +/- 57).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Urinary free corticoids: an evaluation of their usefulness in the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome.

We evaluated the usefulness of measurement of urinary free corticoids (UFC) in the diagnosis of hypercorticism. One hundred and thirty patients with features suggestive of Cushing's syndrome were examined. Twenty-six patients were proved to have Cushing's syndrome. The remaining 104 patients were considered not to have this disease on the basis of other investigations, and were designated as 'suspected patients'. UFC and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids were measured in all these patients in the basal state and on the 5th day of a low-dose-dexamethasone suppression test (3 mg/day for 5 days). UFC values of patients with Cushing's syndrome were well above 125 micrograms/24 h in the basal state and higher than 10 micrograms/24 h during the suppression test. UFC values of 'suspected patients' were between 20 and 125 micrograms/24 h in the basal state and below 10 micrograms/24 h during the suppression test. It can be concluded that the measurement of UFC in the basal state and on the 5th day of a suppression test is not only a very sensitive but also a specific method for the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1983

[Study of corticotropic function: respective values of short tests using metropirone and exogenous ACTH regardless of the hour administered].

Basal plasma cortisol levels and adrenal responses to stimulation by endogenous and exogenous ACTH were compared between a group of controls and a group of patients with corticotrophic insufficiency. In addition, the adrenal response to the administration of exogenous ACTH was compared in each of these groups in relation to the timing of the test. There was a clear parallel between respective adrenal responses to exogenous ACTH and endogenous ACTH. Adrenal stimulation by exogenous ACTH may be used to investigate the residual secretion of endogenous ACTH and in the diagnosis or corticotrophic insufficiency, when a lesion interrupting functional hypothalamo-pituitary connections has been excluded. In the opposing case, use of a short test with metopirone is essential in order to confirm corticotrophic insufficiency. This test is better tolerated than the classical test and is not subject to sources of error due to urine collections.

Adrenal Cortex Function Tests↗
PubMed1982

[Cardiovascular diseases and lipid abnormalities in Cushing's syndrome].

The present study involved 143 patients with confirmed Cushing's syndrome, including 100 with Cushing's disease, 20 with adrenal adenoma and 23 with adrenal carcinoma. Out of 120 assessable patients 68% had arterial hypertension and the majority of these (78%) presented with adrenal carcinoma. Blood pressure returned to normal in 85% of hypertensive cases after Op'DDD therapy or adrenalectomy. Excessive cortisol production is probably the main cause of hypertension, but the precise pathophysiological mechanism is controverted. Serum lipids were studied in 88 patients, 40% of whom were found to have combined hyperlipoproteinaemia, this abnormality being particularly frequent in patients with malignant adrenal tumour. Serum cholesterol levels returned to normal after adrenalectomy. However, they were further increases during Op'DDD treatment (p less than 0.01) and only became normal after withdrawal of the drug. Cerebral vascular accidents were uncommon (6%) and might have been due to cobalt irradiation of the hypothalamus-pituitary region.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: long-term treatment with chenodesoxycholic acid (author's transl)].

A case of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis without hyperlipidaemia but with tendinous scanthomatosis, subtle neurological disorders and endocrine cataract is reported. Accumulation of cholestanol, a cholesterol derivative, was detected by mass fragmentography. The plasma cholestanol : cholesterol ratio was 30 times higher than normally. Treatment with chenodesoxycholic acid during 26 months brought about neurological improvement, stabilization of the cataract and xanthomatosis and return to normal of plasma cholestanol levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Infantile phytanic acid storage disease, a possible variant of Refsum's disease: three cases, including ultrastructural studies of the liver.

Three cases of phytanic acid storage disease with symptoms during the first months of life are reported. Hepatomegaly, facial dysmorphia, growth and/or mental retardation and osteopenia were observed in addition to retinitis pigmentosa and neurosensory deafness. The presence of phytanic acid in serum (160-320 mumol/1 (50-100 micrograms/ml)) was accompanied by hypocholesterolaemia. Electron microscopy showed that a storage material had accumulated in mesenchymal and parenchymal liver cells. Lamellar structures were seen in hepatocytes and other storing cells. These inclusions resembled the structures found in plant chloroplasts containing phytol. Some of the clinical and biological data obtained were consistent with Refsum's disease. However, other characteristics such as mental retardation, hepatomegaly, osteopenia, hypocholesterolaemia and hypoalphalipoproteinaemia, as well as the ultrastructural findings in the liver, suggested that our patients' illness was either a phytanic acid storage disease different from the classical form of Refsum's disease, or a more severe early symptomatic form of Refsum's disease. Early diagnosis by phytanic acid assay and electron microscopic liver examination calls for prescription of a low phytanate diet in the hope of improving the child's condition.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Plasma lipids in kidney transplanted children and adolescents: influence of pubertal development, dietary intake and steroid therapy.

Plasma triglycerides and/or cholesterol were significantly increased in twenty-four of thirty kidney transplanted children and adolescents with stable renal function, at least one year after the last rejection crisis who received low dose prednisone therapy. The cholesterol increment was related to both low density and high density lipoproteins. However, similar to findings in adult allograft recipients, these increases were very variable: six subjects had normal levels, eight had increased triglycerides, five increased triglycerides and cholesterol, and eleven increased cholesterol. No influence of renal function was found in this series of patients all of whom had plasma creatinine below 160 mumol/l. Subjects who had achieved sexual development had lower cholesterol values. An insignificant difference was observed between patients receiving daily and alternate-day steroid therapy, but a significant negative correlation was found between plasma triglycerides and fractional urinary excretion of 17 OH corticosteroids in the first 6 h after an oral dose of prednisone. Finally, no correlation was found between energy intake and triglycerides; but a significant correlation was observed between protein intake and plasma cholesterol. In conclusion, some patients show a high level of triglycerides and/or cholesterol after renal transplantation, possibly due to a different individual response to steroid therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The use of formic acid in carrier gas. Rapid method for identification and determination of phytanic acid by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-chemical ionization.

A rapid gas chromatographic method to determine phytanic acid in plasma from Refsum's disease is described. After a brief alkaline hydrolysis of lipids, the biological sample is directly injected into a glass pre-column; an acid carrier gas (formic acid in nitrogen) is used to displace the long-chain fatty acids from their sodium salts and from their binding to proteins. Formic acid introduced through the column may also be used as a reagent gas for chemical ionization in combined gas chromatography--mass spectrometry; fatty acids (C14 to C18:2 and phytanic acid) are easily identified by their M + 1 (base peak) and M - 17 peaks. The described procedure is also suitable for studying normal fatty acids from plasma lipids.

Eicosanoic Acids↗
PubMed1980

Initial rate of cholesterol esterification association with high density lipoproteins in human plasma.

The enzyme lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase has been measured both in total plasma and in the fraction of plasma from which very low and low density lipoproteins have been removed by ultracentrifugation. The correlation between the activity of the enzyme and the free cholesterol concentration was positive in whole plasma and negative in apoB-deficient plasma. On the other hand, the positive correlation between plasma triglycerides and cholesterol esterification was not changed by the removal of apoB-containing lipoproteins. Subjects with the highest levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol were found to have the lowest enzyme activity, but this correlation was disclosed only in apoB-deficient plasma. This inverse relationship was abolished when the enzyme activity was measured in the absence of all lipoproteins with a density less than 1.125 g/ml. Cholesterol esterification, when determined after removal of lipoproteins with a density less than 1.063 g/ml, was negatively correlated with the in vivo plasma concentration of lipoproteins in the density range 1.063-1.125 g/ml. The same results were obtained in vitro by addition of increasing amounts of this class of high density lipoproteins either in total plasma or in the ultracentrifuged fractions of plasma. This provides further evidence that the lighter density class of high density lipoproteins inhibits the enzyme reaction under physiological conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of Cushing's disease by O,p'DDD. Survey of 62 cases.

In a study of nonsurgical therapy of Cushing's disease, 62 patients received O,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (O,p'DDD), 16 of whom also received cobalt irradiation of the pituitary. After an initial treatment period averaging eight months, a remission of the disease was obtained in 38 of the 46 patients given O,p'DDD alone and in all patients who received drug combined with radiation. Although 60 per cent of these patients subsequently relapsed, additional courses of drug or radiation therapy were usually effective, and 63 per cent of the entire group of patients have so far been kept under control without adrenalectomy. (Forty patients have been followed for at least two years after the initial course of treatment.). O,p'DDD produced little gastrointestinal discomfort; an increased serum cholesterol was the main side effect. This drug allows long-term medical management of Cushings disease in most cases. Whether the combination of O'p'DDD with pituitary radiation is the best therapy has not been established.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗