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Biomedical subjects

M H Rustin

Publications and source records attributed to M H Rustin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Giant-cell tumour of the tendon sheath--an uncommon tumour presenting to dermatologists.

We describe a patient who presented with two skin-coloured, non-mobile, soft dermal nodules on the tip of the distal phalanx of the left middle finger. Skin biopsy revealed the features of a giant-cell tumour of the tendon sheath. This benign tumour is one of the most common tumours affecting the hand but is, we believe, infrequently encountered by dermatologists and rarely mentioned in the dermatological literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effects of the lupus anticoagulant in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus on endothelial cell prostacyclin release and procoagulant activity.

A disturbance in endothelial cell (EC) function may be pathogenetic in the thrombotic tendency of patients with the lupus anticoagulant (LA). The ability of serum from normal subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with and without the LA, to modulate the release of prostacyclin (PGI2) and the expression of procoagulant activity by cultured human EC was investigated. Only the 10% and 20% serum concentrations from patients with SLE-LA produced a significantly greater inhibition of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) release (the stable metabolite of PGI2) than control serum. However, when patients with SLE-LA having Raynaud's phenomenon were excluded from this group, there was then no significant difference between the effect of the patient and control serum. Serum from patients with SLE +/- LA caused a significant increase in EC procoagulant activity compared to healthy controls. The two-stage partial thromboplastin time expressed in seconds decreased from 66 (normal) to 34 (SLE - LA) and 31 (SLE + LA), but there was no significant difference between the patients with and without the LA. The significantly increased EC procoagulant activity induced by serum from patients with SLE +/- LA may account for the observed increased incidence of thrombotic events in patients with SLE. Our data suggest that factors other than decreased prostacyclin release are responsible for the altered hemostasis observed in patients with SLE + LA.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1988

The effects of topically applied hexyl nicotinate lotion on the cutaneous blood flow in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon.

The effect of the epicutaneous application of 0.1% and 1.0% hexyl nicotinate lotion on upper limb skin blood flow was investigated in 25 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and five healthy volunteers. Assessments were made using laser Doppler velocimetry. The 0.1% lotion induced an increase in cutaneous blood flow in both controls and patients when applied at different sites on the upper limb. Increased cutaneous blood flow occurred more often when the lotion was applied to the forearm than to the fingers. A greater increase in blood flow and an increased percentage of positive responses was elicited with the 1.0% hexyl nicotinate lotion. Hexyl nicotinate lotion may be of value in the topical treatment of RP.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1987

Serum from patients with Raynaud's phenomenon inhibits prostacyclin production.

Prostacyclin (PGI2) and PGE2, the predominant cyclooxygenase products of endothelial cells are potent vasodilators. An inability to produce appropriate concentrations of these prostanoids may be a factor in the pathogenesis of the digital vasospasm experienced by patients with Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). The effect of sera from normal subjects, patients with primary RP, and patients with RP in association with systemic sclerosis (SS) on the production of PGI2 and PGE2 by cultured human endothelial cells was investigated. All sera produced a dose-dependent inhibition of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, but both the 10% and 20% sera from patients with RP and SS produced a significantly greater inhibition than control sera. The mean production of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha expressed in ng/10(4) cells was 2.278 (normal), 1.9311 (RP), and 2.1824 (SS) after incubation with 1% serum for 24 h. This decreased to 1.3647, 0.5927, and 0.4171, respectively following incubation with 20% sera for 24 h. This represented a 44% (normal), 76% (RP), and 83% (SS) inhibition of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha production compared with serum free media. Similar results were obtained after 1 h incubation experiments. There was a nonsignificant decrease in mean PGE2 production following similar incubations with 1% and 20% sera for 24 h. These results suggest that factor(s) present in the sera of patients with RP may reduce the ability of endothelial cells to synthesize or release the vasodilator and antiaggregatory prostanoid PGI2.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1986

Increased chemiluminescence of polymorphonuclear leucocytes from patients with progressive systemic sclerosis.

Chemiluminescence (CL) of whole blood and isolated polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) from patients with systemic sclerosis (SS) and from age and sex matched controls was measured. CL was induced by the addition of particles (zymosan, latex beads), or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or chemotactic peptide (FMLP). Whole blood CL (induced by PMA, zymosan or latex particles) was significantly greater in SS patients than in normal controls. Isolated PMN CL (induced by PMA, FMLP or latex particles) was also significantly greater in the SS patients compared with controls. Increased CL or PMN from patients with SS was mainly observed when luminol was used as amplifier (which detects hydrogen peroxide formation). In most cases, lucigenin-amplified CL of PMN from patients with SS (which detects the primary superoxide anion radical formation) did not differ from the controls. Sera from patients with SS significantly increased both spontaneous and induced CL of normal PMN. Enhanced excitability of PMN to phagocytosis-related stimuli may provide a mechanism for the (leucocyte-mediated) endothelial injury in SS.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Differences in red cell behaviour between patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis and patients with Raynaud's disease.

The 'filterability' and electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes from 42 patients with systemic sclerosis and Raynaud's phenomenon were studied and compared with the findings from 24 patients with Raynaud's disease and 26 normal controls. Red blood cells from patients with systemic sclerosis and Raynaud's phenomenon were less filterable (P less than 0.0001) and had decreased electrophoretic mobility (P less than 0.001) compared with erythrocytes from patients with Raynaud's disease and the controls. There was no significant difference between the values from the patients with Raynaud's disease and the controls. These results indicate that measurement of erythrocyte filterability and electrophoretic mobility may be useful in the differentiation of patients with Raynaud's disease who have no underlying collagen disease from those who have Raynaud's phenomenon in association with systemic sclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Ultrasound as a screening procedure for methotrexate-induced hepatic damage in severe psoriasis.

Methotrexate has been of proven value in the management of patients with severe psoriasis. Its long-term use, however, can be complicated by progressive hepatic damage which has necessitated regular liver biopsies. We have looked into the efficacy of liver ultrasonography as a non-invasive screening procedure to select those patients who may be developing liver changes. Eighty-seven investigations on 82 patients were performed, comparing liver ultrasound results with liver biopsy. Eight of these showed a degree of hepatic damage which was sufficient to indicate cessation of methotrexate, and all of these were detected by ultrasonography. Our results indicate that patients whose last liver biopsy was normal could be allowed an extended interval between biopsies provided their intervening ultrasound scans remained normal.

Adult↗