Biomedical subjects

M H Sy

Publications and source records attributed to M H Sy.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

[Two cases of skeletal fluorosis in the hand].

Skeletal fluorosis is well known, particularly in the spine, pelvis and forearm. However, the hand may also be involved. The authors report two cases of this site in endemic areas in Senegal, after ingestion of large amounts of fluoride in the water. Fluorosis consisted of deforming metacarpal and phalangeal osteoperiotitis in one case and peri-articular ossifications and calcifications of the attachments of the ligaments and capsule in the other case. They review the literature concerning skeletal fluorosis and discuss the rarity of hand involvement its clinical features and particularly its radiological features. Lastly, they emphasize the differential diagnosis with certain metabolic, infectious and neoplastic diseases.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

[Pyramido-lunar fusion in black Africans. Apropos of 32 cases].

Lunotriquetral coalition is a congenital carpal anomaly rarely discovered in a white population. In the black population, most cases have concerned blacks in America, Australia and South Africa. In the Sub-Saharia area, in Senegal, the authors, after 8 incidental cases, report 32 lunotriquetral coalitions collected in 20 patients. This retrospective study comparatively analysed 361 X-rays of the wrist performed between February 1989 and July 1992 in the Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Center (CTO) in Dakar. The bony coalition was bilateral in 12 patients and unilateral in the other 8 cases. The complete form (type III) was the most frequent (46.8%). In the bilateral forms, 5 patients presented this complete form. Lunotriquetral coalition was associated, in absence of congenital abnormalities, with a synovial cyst of the wrist (2 cases), scaphoid fracture (1 case), non-union of a scaphoid fracture (1 case) and osteoarthritis of the wrist (2 cases). After review of the literature, the authors discuss racial factors, anatomo-radiographic forms and associated injuries.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Early evaluation of surgical treatment for patella fractures].

From mars 1989 to mars 1992, 26 fractures of the patella were treated surgically in the "Orthopaedic and Traumatological center in Dakar". We have evaluated the functional and the anatomical results. The mean age of the patients was 45 years. The most common mechanism was direct trauma (24 cases). We have registered 12 opened fractures, 24 displaced fractures and 13 comminutive fractures. Surgical methods were modified tension band internal fixation (18 cases), tension band wiring for fixation (5 cases) and circumferential wire loop fixation (3 cases). The mean follow-up was ten months. Only eight patients have adequate post-operative kinesitherapy. So functional results was poor in 50% of cases. The anatomical reconstruction of the patella were achieved in 18 cases. We have observed a relation between: anatomical results and inadequate indications; excellent functional results and adequate kinesitherapy. So the authors recommend modified tension band internal fixation in transversal fractures and fracture with central communication. Tension band wiring for fixation is used in others comminutive fractures. Post operative kinesitherapy must be realized in a adequate center and criteria of functional evaluation be wider theses.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Closed traumas of the thorax. Assessment of two years activity at the Dakar Trauma Center].

Two years after opening the Dakar Trauma Center has received 179 cases of blunt chest trauma without prehospital treatment. Road accidents were the leading cause. The initial mortality was 29 patients (16.20%) and 150 patients arrived alive and were treated. The initial mortality was primarily due to the associated extrathoracic injuries mainly hemorrhagic with hemoperitoneum in 44.82% and brain hemorrhage in 24.14% of cases. Secondly, it was due to the thoracic injuries with 41.37% of anterior flail chest and massive hemothorax in 65.51% of cases. Among the 150 patients treated, 42% had extrathoracic injuries, mainly head trauma. 56% were admitted to intensive care units with 39 chest drainages and 6 thoracotomies were performed. The mortality in this group was about 11.33%. The very high initial mortality could be reduced by the organisation of prehospital treatment to take better care of patients involved in road accidents.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1995

[A new case of tibial stress fracture as a complication of knee osteoarthritis].

PURPOSE OF STUDY: Transverse stress fractures of the proximal tibia are associated with osteoarthritis of the knee. This uncommon complication is presented in this case report as a non-union form along with a literature review. CASE REPORT: A fifty nine year old black African woman who had a thirteen-year history of osteoarthritis in both knees, was seen for increasing pain in the proximal part of the left leg without demonstrative traumatism. This homemaker measured 155 cm for 85 kgs. Clinical and radiological examination revealed a non-united stress fracture of the proximal part of the tibia and bilateral osteoarthritis of the knee with varus deformity (40 degrees on the left). A compression plate with bone grafting was used for treatment of the tibial non-union. DISCUSSION: Eleven other cases have been published on the rheumatological and orthopaedical literature. All the twelve patients were female, elderly, overweight, had marked varus deformities and a long history of osteoarthritis of the knee. A non-united stress fracture was a complication of osteoarthritis in four cases and treated with a compression plate. CONCLUSION: Stress fractures of the proximal tibia are an unusual mechanical and an uncommon complication of osteoarthritis of the knee. Biomechanic is perhaps one of the possible explication of these tibial stress fractures.

Female↗

PubMed1995

[Pelvic ring fractures in children. Apropos of 47 cases].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to report the different anatomical types, associated injuries, morbidity and mortality of pelvic ring disruption in child in Dakar traumatological centers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: [corrected] Forty seven children were admitted in two of three traumatology centers in Dakar between 1968 and 1992. This retrospective and intermittent study excluded tendon-bone avulsions and acetabular fractures. Twenty eight boys and nineteen girls presented a fracture with or without ring disruption according to Ducloyer and Filipe classification. In this first group, they make difference between an isolated or combined fracture and distinguished an anterior and a posterior one. Forty five children were treated by a non-operative methods. RESULTS: Forty three boys and girls sustained their injuries in a pedestrian-motor vehicle accidents and 4 among were struck by a truck. A massive fracture-dislocation with complete pelvic disruption was found in 70.3 per cent. Half of them (34.4 per cent) presented an anterior isolated anatomic type. In the other group the high energy forces caused major pelvic instability and also various associated soft-tissue injuries. The majority of complications were open pelvic fractures (21.1 per cent), genito-urinary (34.4 per cent), vascular (16.6 per cent), neurological and perineo-rectal injuries. Four children (8.4 per cent) died. At the last review others presented orthopaedic, genito-urinary, neurological or perineo-rectal sequelae. DISCUSSION: The frequency of pelvic fractures in child present a peak between 6 and 12 years old. These types of fractures are the results of a high energy injury in pedestrian motor vehicle accidents in Dakar suburbs. The anatomo-radiographic types had an interesting bimodal pattern: Among the benign types: a double fracture of the iliopubic ramus is dangerous for the bladder (1 case), and leads to a dysplastic acetabulum with time (1 case). Unstable fractures (70.3 per cent): some of them (23.3 per cent) present a complex dislocation of the pelvis. The present review focuses on double urethral injuries (2 cases), open pelvic fractures (10 cases) and mortal hemorrhagic shock (4 cases). The morbidity rate is high (38.4 per cent) caused by skeletal and soft-tissue sequelae and also management difficulties. CONCLUSION: Pelvic fracture in children requires early diagnosis and management. In our countries, morbidity and mortality of these injuries must decrease with the popularization of road safety, multidisciplinary management and improvement of working conditions.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1993

[Multiple enchondromatosis of the child apropos of 2 cases].

Enchondromatosis or OLLIER's disease or multiple chondromatosis can be marked in his development by features like: malignant degeneration, pathological fracture, deformity or shortening of a limb. The limb deformity like a varus knee was for our two little patients their admission motive. The varus gravity (equal to 30%) was treated by a early tibial valgus osteotomy in one case and a femoral one in the other case. We evocate the unusualness of this disease, the clinical diagnostic difficulties composed by the knee varus in childhood, at the radiographic stage those of a benignant metaphysis or metaphyso-diaphysis tumor in the same year old. We discuss the osteotomy moment, its type, its site and expose the concomitant problems composed by the shortening of the limb.

Child↗

PubMed1993

[Indications for arthrodesis of the knee in Africa (apropos of 24 cases)].

29 knees arthrodesis was performed in 24 patients at the Orthopaedic Department in Dakar. The indications were: post-operative complications following poliomyelitis knee contractures in 11 cases, knee fusion following septic arthritis in 9 cases. The miscellaneous indications were tuberculosis of the knee (5 cases), post traumatic injuries (3 cases) and 1 case of knee osteo-arthritis. The authors pointed out the nature and diversity of those different indications and, now uncommon in developed countries, where knee arthroplasty is primary indication, whereas, arthrodesis is indicated for failures. They also point out the interest of the CHARNLEY procedure for this operation.

Adolescent↗