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M Hadj-Abdelkader

Publications and source records attributed to M Hadj-Abdelkader.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Fermentable carbohydrate and digestive nitrogen excretion.

BACKGROUND: Interventions that restrict protein intake lower plasma urea concentration and may slow the progression of renal failure. The question arises whether the effect of a dietary protein restriction could be reinforced by enrichment of the diet with fermentable carbohydrate because these carbohydrates may stimulate the extra-renal route of nitrogen (N) excretion through the digestive route. METHODS: The influence of fermentable carbohydrate and moderate protein restriction on N metabolism was investigated in a rat model of renal failure with ablation of 70% of renal mass compared with control rats with intact kidneys. Animals were adapted to diets varying with respect to nondigestible fermentable carbohydrate (0% or 10% fructooligosaccharide [FOS]) and with respect to protein content (10% or 18% casein). RESULTS: Feeding FOS led to a considerable enlargement of the cecum (increase in contents, wall thickness, and blood flow). These changes resulted in a concomitant enhancement of urea N uptake into the cecum and a decrease in plasma urea concentration (-30%). The extent of urea uptake by the cecum was influenced by plasma urea level that was determined by the dietary protein level and by the renal function. Thus, compared with control rats, the rate of urea uptake by the cecum and the total N excreted by the uremic rats was greater under all nutritional conditions. It is noteworthy that, when expressed as a percentage of total N excretion, fecal N excretion nearly doubled in rats adapted to the low-protein diets containing FOS. These effects occurred in both control rats and in uremic rats, in which a 22% decrease in urinary N was recorded as a result of FOS in addition to the low-protein diet. Globally, decreasing the amount of protein in the diet and adding a fermentable carbohydrate led to a decrease in urinary N excretion of more than 65% in uremic rats. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a possible usefulness for combining fermentable carbohydrate, such as FOS, with a low-protein diet to increase N excretion through the digestive route in detriment of the renal route. This may represent an efficient preventive measure to relieve the renal function in case of renal failure.

Ammonia↗
PubMed2001

[Smoking and atheromatous stenosis of the renal arteries].

UNLABELLED: Renal vascular pathologies are important causes of the chronic renal failure progression. In these pathologies, the role of smoking in so far as factor of risk was discussed. This work aims to evaluate the effect of smoking exposure on renal arteries of patients with both renal failure and hypertension. 67 patients more than 50 years old, having both renal failure and hypertension, have been explored by arteriography. The active smoking was required among all patients. Patients were classified in 2 groups: group (I) of 45 patients with one or more atheromatous stenoses of renal arteries considered to be significant and group (II) of 22 patients without significant atheromatous stenoses of renal arteries. [table: see text] 80.5% of patients of group (I) have smoked against only 44.4% in group (II). The fact that the presence of atheromatous stenoses of renal arteries was connected to the number of cigarettes and the exposure time, and not to the current comportment of patients towards smoking, this suggested a cumulative effect of smoking. CONCLUSION: This work shown a relation between the consumption of smoking and the existence of atheromatous stenoses of renal arteries, a reason moreover to fight against smoking. The prevention of smoking intoxication appears important to decrease the incidence of the renal vascular pathologies.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of stress echocardiography in detecting silent myocardial ischemia in hemodialysis patients].

UNLABELLED: The chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis is associated with a high incidence of prematured cardiovascular diseases, which represents the major causes of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the interest of stress echocardiography for the detection of silent myocardial ischaemia in the chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis. METHODS: 24 dobutamine stress echocardiography have been achieved in to patients having an average old of 61 +/- 11 years, 15 men and 3 women, with an average dialysis duration of 55 +/- 27 months. Only asymptomatic patients and those presenting an anomaly during the systematic annual echocardiography supervision have been included in this retrospective work. All echocardiography enregistrements have been achieved in the same center and by the same and experimented cardiologist. RESULTS: 75% of patients had an arterial hypertension antecedents, 65% were smokers, 50% had a dyslipidemia, 38% presented an arteriopathy of the inferior members, 30% had diabetes and 22% were obese; 8 (33.5%) stress echocardiographies were negatives. 6 patients have had 2 stress echocardiographies. A coronarography was realized in 16 patients and one of those was strictly normal (6.25% were false positive). 8 patients have had an angioplasty with stent making (1 simple stent, 7 double stent); 2 coronaries by-pass have been done in 2 patients. One patients refused surgery. Insignificant atheroumatous coronary lesions have been detected in 4 patients. In this study, the stress echocardiography enabled to detect a silent myocardial ischaemia in 15/16 patients (93.7%) and to treat 10/15 patients (66.5% including 20% by surgery). CONCLUSION: The sensibility of this test must be compared to the thallium scintigraphy coupled with dipyridamole as part of a larger prospective study.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Proposal of a clinical prediction score for atheromatous renal artery stenosis].

UNLABELLED: Renal vascular pathologies are important causes of the chronic renal failure progression. This work aims to define retrospectively a score based on simple clinical and paraclinical helping to select atheromatous renal stenosis affected patients; 67 patients more than 50 years old have been explored by arteriography because of degradation of the renal function or hypertension: 45 of them had one, or many, significant stenosis of the renal arteries. Were analyzed: clinical data: age, weight, sex, blood pressure, previous ateromatous lesions (cardiac, peripheral, aortic), smoking, associated diabetes; biological data: serum cholesterol and creatinine, creatinine variation under angiotensin-coverting enzyme inhibitor or sodium depletion, kaliemia; radiologic data: kidney size through scanning, renal arterial and aortic calcifications on abdominal plain films and profile. The group with and without stenosis differed considerably for age (68.9 vs 64 years old, p < 0.05), smoking (26.3 vs 11.5 packet-year, p < 0.001), variation of creatinine after sensibilisation (140 mumol/l vs 17 mumol/l, p < 0.001), presence of arterial calcification (p < 0.001). A score taking in to account these four criteria was established with performances in terms of specificity and sensibility amounted to 83%. CONCLUSION: The reliable aspect of this score enabling to define a group seriously risking a renal stenosis must be checked through a prospective study.

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