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Biomedical subjects

M Hallen

Publications and source records attributed to M Hallen.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

EURAMIC Study: antioxidants, myocardial infarction and breast cancer. Design and main hypotheses.

Epidemiological studies have not given sufficient evidence yet for the role of antioxidant nutrients in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. As regards cancer, an inverse association between beta-carotene intake and specific types of cancer, especially lung cancer, has been shown. For other cancer sites and other antioxidants, the association is less clear. The EURAMIC Study, an EC Concerted Action, is a case-control study conducted in 11 countries, in which the combined effect of vitamin E, beta-carotene and selenium, in relation to fatty acid intake, will be examined. The disease endpoints are acute myocardial infarction and early-stage breast cancer. The broad range of antioxidant intake, the use of biomarkers of exposure, and the analysis of pooled data will allow an estimate of the strength of the putative beneficial effect. In this paper the background and design of the study will be introduced.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Negative Haemoccult test in malignant and premalignant lesions of the colon. Validation of the Haemoccult test with total colonoscopy.

To date, no published report on a trial has provided sufficiently strong evidence of the accuracy of the Haemoccult Test assessed by false-negative error, and validated on the basis of a complete colonoscopy of all patients. Total colonoscopy (up to the cecum) was performed on 534 patients whose stools had been tested for occult blood. The results of the colonoscopy were classified as follows: --expected continual bleeding (target lesions: carcinoma, polyps greater than or equal to 10 mm) --intermittant bleeding (polyps less than 10 mm, colitis, etc.), and --no source of bleeding. Results were regarded as false-negative in patients who were found to have a target lesion (carcinoma, polyp greater than or equal to 10 mm) following a negative Haemoccult test. Apart from positive and negative prognostic values, sensitivity and specificity were taken into account as characteristics for the quality of the test. Following a positive Haemoccult test result 46 of the 534 patients were found to have polyps greater than or equal to 10 mm and 22 carcinomas; following negative Haemoccult test results 31 patients were found to have polyps measuring greater than or equal to 10 mm in diameter and 2 carcinomas. On the basis of the chosen classification a false-negative Haemoccult result was established in 8.6% and a false-positive result in 4.3%. The Haemoccult test showed a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 93% in patients with target lesions or patients without a source of bleeding.

Colonoscopy↗