Biomedical subjects

M Hamamoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Hamamoto.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[A case of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with schizophrenic psychosis, dementia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome].

A 37-year-old male with an 8-year-history of schizophrenic psychosis and dementia developed hyperpyrexia and cataleptic rigidity during haloperidol administration. He was transferred to our hospital where he was noticed to have generalized muscle weakness and atrophy. In his muscle biopsy, there were numerous ragged-red fibers and focal cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. In addition, the presence of strongly SDH-reactive blood vessels (SSV) in his muscle biopsy suggests that the similar systemic vascular abnormality as seen in MELAS plays a certain role for inducing the central nervous system symptoms. He discontinued haloperidol, and was placed on coenzyme Q and idebenone which were effective for his psychic problems. Several months later, his schizophrenic symptom disappeared and mental status improved from IQ of 60 to 68. We would emphasize that mitochondrial encephalomyopathies must be taken into account for differential diagnosis for psychiatric patients with mental deterioration.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Measurement of HbA1c as a method to diagnose diabetes mellitus in nursing home residents].

Measurement of HbA1c is widely used to control diabetes mellitus (DM) and is one of the methods to diagnose DM. We adopted the measurement of HBA1c in the annual medical examination of residents at a nursing home for the elderly in order to obtain the normal serum level of HbA1c in the elderly and analyze the influence of aging on HbA1c. HbA1c and the body mass index (BMI) were measured in 968 elderly. HbA1c was distributed from 3.7 to 12.5%. Mean and SD, were 5.03 +/- 0.61% and there was no difference of the serum level of HbA1c between males and females. HbA1c was below 6.0% in 95% of all subjects. There was no correlation between age and HbA1c. To determine data trends, we divided the elderly into 4 age groups of 60 to 69 years, 70 to 79 years, 80 to 89 years and 90 or more. With advancing age, HbA1c gradually increased but there was no significant difference of HbA1c among the 3 groups which were younger than the group aged 90 or more. HbA1c was 5.51 +/- 1.06% in the group aged more than 90 years and there was a significant difference in the value of HbA1c between the group aged 90 or more and other groups. Inversely, BMI gradually decreased with age and there was also a significant difference of BMI between the group aged 90 or more and the other groups. These results suggest that there is a difference of metabolic condition between the group aged 90 or more and the other groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[The effects of antihypertensive therapy on the aged--an intervention study in a home for the aged].

Excessive antihypertensive therapy can create a risk of brain damage in the aged. Furthermore, no conclusion has been reached regarding treatment goals for systolic blood pressure (SBP). Two hundred elderly people with hypertension (SBP greater than 170 mmHg, average age 74 years) were studied, among them 40 age-sex matched pairs (80 people) were selected for further examination. They were then divided into two groups, and antihypertensive therapy was conducted on each group with systolic blood pressure level goals of 140 mmHg and 160 mmHg, respectively. To set a goal for antihypertensive therapy, we examined Hasegawa's dementia rating scale (HDS) and bilateral common carotid arterial blood flow (CCF), which were measured using the Doppler method. In the group in which the blood pressure was reduced to 160 mmHg level, changes were observed only in right CCF, and there was no change in HDS, but in the group in which the blood pressure was reduced to the 140 mmHg level, changes were observed in both bilateral CCF and HDS. It is recommended that the systolic blood pressure should be set at the 160 mmHg level to maintain the psychological function in the elderly.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Specific immune response of the adenoids to a respiratory antigen.

The specific antibody response of the adenoids to a respiratory antigen was investigated, both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro immunoglobulin (Ig) production of adenoidal and tonsillar lymphocytes in the same patient in 18 cases was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Adenoidal lymphocytes produced more IgM than IgG or IgA under culture conditions without any mitogens, whereas IgG was the major Ig produced by tonsillar lymphocytes. The same results were obtained when cultured with pokeweed mitogen. Under culture conditions with Dermatophagoides farinae (mite) antigen, adenoidal lymphocytes produced only specific IgM class antibody, and at a level significantly greater than tonsillar lymphocytes. Through an in vivo study, we established experimental adenoidal tissue in the guinea pig by long-term exposure to an ovalbumin aerosol. Infiltration of cells producing the specific antibody against an ovalbumin was demonstrated in the epipharyngeal mucosa using immunofluorescent staining. Our results confirm that the adenoids play a role in specific immune responses to respiratory antigens.

Adenoids↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Initial symptoms of Parkinson's disease with elderly onset.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: As the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is related to aging, we consider it important to determine how the initial symptoms change with age in order to diagnose early elderly cases of PD accurately. METHODS: 84 patients (age at onset 70.7+/-9.0 years; mean +/-1 SD) were studied to see whether the initial symptoms change according to age. RESULTS: The prevalence of resting tremor was significantly lower in patients of advanced age (p = 0.041). In contrast, the incidence of postural and gait disorders increased significantly with aging (p = 0.032). The prevalences of rigidity and kinetic disorders, which are important clinical features of PD, were not influenced by aging. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the cause of PD is not related to the aging process itself, since the prevalences of all symptoms were not influenced by aging. Knowledge of the prevalence of the initial symptoms of PD may contribute to the accurate diagnosis in early and elderly cases.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term estrogen replacement therapy in female patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type: 7 case reports.

Seven female patients with mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) were treated with long-term, low-dose estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) over a period of 5-45 months. Five of the 7 patients were cases who had responded well to short-term ERT with 1.25 mg/day of conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) for 6 weeks. The 7 patients from 56 to 77 years of age received 0.625 mg/day of CEE for 21 days, followed by a pause of 7 days. A 28-day cycle of low-dose ERT was performed repeatedly. In 4 cases, these patients received 5 mg/day of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) during the last 10-12 days of estrogen treatment. Therapeutic efficacy of estrogen was evaluated by psychometric assessments such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS) and a behavior rating scale of the Gottfries-Bråne-Steen geriatric rating scale (GBS). The MMSE and HDS evaluations were performed principally once in 2-4 weeks. In 4 out of the 7 patients, the MMSE and HDS scores were elevated above the pretreatment levels during ERT. The termination of ERT resulted in a decrease in both scores. Furthermore, the GBS scores and daily activities of the same 4 patients were improved during ERT. In these 4 patients cognitive functions were markedly improved throughout the treatment period, while the other 2 patients responded moderately well and another patient did not respond at all. These observations suggest that long-term, low-dose ERT improves cognitive functions, dementia symptoms and daily activities in women with mild to moderate DAT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Activities of Daily Living↗