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Biomedical subjects

M Handa

Publications and source records attributed to M Handa.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Detection of peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lymphocytes in rat lung transplantation for early diagnosis of rejection.

Left lung transplantation was performed in two combinations of rat strains. In group 1, lung grafts were rejected within 7 day postoperatively, and in group 2, grafts were rejected within 18 day postoperatively. The histological appearance of rejection was classified into 4 stages, and lymphocytes from peripheral blood (PB) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected at each stage. In group 1, a significant decrease in the number of lymphocytes in PB was observed as the rejection progressed, whereas the number of lymphocytes in PB increased slightly in group 2. The number of total cells in BALF increased significantly as the rejection progressed in both groups. A marked increase in the value of spontaneous blastogenesis (SB) was observed in stage 2 in BALF lymphocytes, whereas that in PB lymphocytes was found to increase after stage 3 in both groups. The ratio of T-helper/T-nonhelper did not change significantly in PB lymphocytes in both groups. On the other hand, a significant decrease in the value of T-helper/T-nonhelper (less than 1.0) was observed in BALF at stage 3 and 4 in both groups. These results show that the studies of BALF lymphocytes were very useful for early diagnosis of rejection in lung transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Enhancing effect by heparin on shear-induced platelet aggregation.

We have recently developed a new device for continuously measuring SIPA. Using the device, we have investigated the effects of heparin on SIPA. Heparin itself enhanced SIPA in the absence of agonists in a dose-dependent manner, whereas heparinoids had minimal effects on SIPA. LMW heparin had less enhancing effect on SIPA than unfractionated heparin. Effects of heparin were also investigated using PRP from patients with congenital bleeding disorders, including Bernard-Soulier syndrome, type III von Willebrand's disease, afibrinogenemia and Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. Heparin's effects were observed only when PRP from patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome and type III von Willebrand's disease was exposed to low shear stress and when PRP from a patient with afibrinogenemia was exposed to high shear stress. These results gave us insights into heparin's effects on platelet aggregation.

Afibrinogenemia↗
PubMed1990

[Clinicopathologic assessment of esophageal cysts--a report of 8 cases].

We experienced 8 cases of esophageal cysts on between January, 1965 and March, 1989. During the same period, 320 cases of mediastinal tumors were operated in our department, and esophageal cysts were 2.5% of these cases. They were 7 males and 1 female, and ranged in age from 5 to 51 (mean 29.9) years. The cysts were located in the right in 6 and in the left in 2, and in the upper third of the esophagus in 1, middle third in 3 and lower third in 2 cases. A correct preoperative diagnosis was made in only 1 case. The definite diagnoses were not obtained from thoracic CT scans and esophagography. We tried transesophageal ultrasonic endoscopy in the recent 2 cases, and could diagnosed in 1 case as a cyst in the esophageal wall. The another case, we could not diagnose, was a cyst attached to the esophageal wall by a muscular stalk. We experienced 2 cases of post operative bleedings, so we must be careful of hemostasis of the muscular layers after enucleation of the cysts. Histological examinations of the cysts showed ciliated columnar epithelium in all cases. Cartilage were observed (bronchogenic cysts) in 4 patients (50%) and two muscle layers were observed (duplication cysts) in 4 other patients (50%). But 2 cases of bronchogenic cysts had two muscular layers, 1 case of them was well-defined. And 1 case of duplication cyst had poor two muscular layers. We cannot divide clearly the esophageal cysts into bronchogenic cyst or duplication cyst, in the point of having cartilage and double muscle layers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Pleuropneumonectomy with thymectomy for invasive thymoma with pleural disseminations--a case report].

A case of invasive thymoma with pleural disseminations, treated with pleuropneumonectomy and thymectomy , is presented. A 30-year-old woman was admitted with abnormal shadows in left lung field and mediastinum. On chest CT examination, the tumor shadows were located anterior mediastinum and left chest wall. Thymoma with pleural disseminations was the most likely consideration by the needle biopsy specimen of the tumor under left chest wall. Preoperative radiotherapy for anterior mediastinum mass was effective. Pleuropneumonectomy and thymectomy combined with partial resections of intercostal muscles and diaphragm were performed. Histologically, the tumor was arranged in lobular structure, composed of epithelial cells, with poorly infiltration of lymphocytes, and invaded into intercostal muscles or lung. Postoperative radiotherapy for mediastinum and left chest wall was added. Tumors may be removed completely by pan-pleuropneumonectomy and thymectomy for invasive thymoma with pleural disseminations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of invasive thymoma with myasthenia gravis: a case report responsive to azathioprine and methylprednisolone].

The treatment of invasive thymomas associated with autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis (MG) and pure red cell aplasia, has not been established. In this paper, we report a 37-year-old patient with post thymectomy myasthenia gravis, who underwent subtotal resection of invasive thymoma with residual lesions of intrathoracic implants. He was treated with azathioprine (AZP) and methylprednisolone (MP). During two months from the start of this therapy, the clinical symptom was improved apparently and the recurrent tumor was reduced. Lasting 18 months of the treatment, he had to stop it because of the renal failure, but now he has no sign of the recurrence. Further studies with this combined regiments are warranted in the treatment of the invasive thymomas associated with autoimmune disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Continuous measurement of shear-induced platelet aggregation.

A mechanical device for continuous recording of shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) has been developed using a turbidometric technique. The device consists of three components: light source, a thermostated cone-plate streaming chamber and optical detection unit. There was a good correlation between platelet count and transmitted light intensity under the conditions in which no activation of platelets occurred. When platelets were exposed to shear stress at 37 degrees C, transmitted light intensity increased with time. Scanning electronmicroscopic examinations revealed that more prominent platelet aggregation was demonstrated when light intensity increased. Reproducible recording of SIPA was obtained when experiments were repeated using the same sample. No change in light intensity was observed when formalin-fixed platelets were sheared. Both PGE1, and anti-GPIIb/IIIa mouse monoclonal antibody, AP2, showed complete inhibition of SIPA. It is indicated that our device for continuous measurement of SIPA is an important new tool to study one aspect of platelet functions.

Formaldehyde↗
PubMed1989

A study of preservation solution for 48- and 96-hour simple hypothermic storage of canine lung transplants.

Forty-eight-hr and 96-hr simple hypothermic preservations of the lung were studied on dogs using 4 kinds of solutions resembling extracellular electrolyte compositions (Ep1-Ep4). The pH of each solution was changed from 6.377 to 7.463 by HPO4(2-)/H2PO4- ratio. Twenty dogs were prepared as donors (12 for 48-hr preservation with Ep1, Ep2 and Ep3, and 8 for 96-hr preservation with Ep3 and Ep4, respectively). The heart-lung block was removed from the donor, and flushed with 500 ml of preservation solution via the pulmonary artery, then immersed in the same cold (4 degrees C) solution, after which it was stored in a cold (4 degrees C) room. After preservation, the left lung was separated from the heart-lung block and was transplanted into the recipient orthotopically. The function of the transplanted lung was evaluated with serial x-ray findings, contralateral pulmonary artery ligation test, and histologic findings. In the case of 48-hr preservation, all of the four recipients with Ep3 (pH: 7.225) showed good aeration of the grafted lungs on the chest x-ray in the early postoperative period. As for the 96-hr preservation cases, one with Ep3 and three with Ep4 (pH: 7.463) presented good x-ray findings. Of these successful cases, seven dogs (5 of 48-hr preservation cases, six dogs tolerated this procedure. On histopathological examination of the successful cases, the 48-hr preservation cases showed almost normal pulmonary structure, while the 96-hr preservation cases showed slight degenerative changes in the alveolar walls. From the present study, it becomes apparent that clinical application of 48-hr preservation may be possible by using a phosphate buffered extracellular solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Requirement for radiation shields of transportation pipe for on line inhalation gases from compact cyclotron in positron emission tomography].

In the unit housing of a compact cyclotron and positron emission CT (PET), positron emitting gas such as 15O, 11C, C15O2, C15O etc. is supplied from a cyclotron to a PET room through a transportation pipe with an appropriate shield to reduce positron annihilation radiation. Using lead or concrete shield blocks with various thicknesses, radiation leakage through the shield was measured by an ionization chamber type survey meter during continuous and constant supply of 15O gas of 1.85 GBq/min concentration which is the maximum dose for clinical use. The leakage radiation measured was 213.7, 56.0, 15.3, 5.0 muSv/week for lead shield with 1, 2, 3, and 4 cm thickness, respectively, and 193.3, 30.5 and 5.1 muSv/week for concrete shields with thickness of 10, 20, and 30 cm, respectively. The present study shows that to keep less than 300 muSv/week, which is the permissible dose rate of the boundary zone around the radiation controlled area by Japan Science and Technology Agency, it is required to use more than 8 mm thick lead shield or 7 cm thick concrete for continuous supply of 1.85 GBq/min 15O gas.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1989

Role of membrane glycoproteins in the interaction of blood platelets with the vessel wall--the study on platelet adhesion to in vitro cultured subendothelial matrix.

Adhesion of platelets to the subendothelium is an essential step in hemostasis and thrombosis. Several receptors for adhesive macromolecules have been identified on platelets and are included in the integrin family. To clarify the role of platelet membrane glycoproteins in the interaction of platelets with the subendothelium, 51Cr-labeled platelet adhesion assay and antibody-blocking experiments were performed by using in vitro cultured subendothelium under the static condition. The platelet adhesion in this assay was inhibited by anti-GPIa (VLA-2), GPIc (VLA-5) and -GPIc'-(VLA-6) antibodies, while anti-GPIb and -GPIIb/IIIa antibodies had no effect. Platelets from the patients with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia could also attach to the subendothelium, whereas those from a patient whose platelets lacked GPIa failed to attach to the extracellular matrix (ECM). The monoclonal antibodies against fibronectin and laminin which recognized the cell binding domain of these molecules inhibited the platelet adhesion when they were pre-treated with ECM. Furthermore, antibody-blocking experiments revealed that the percent inhibition by the combination of anti-GPIa, -GPIc and -GPIc' antibodies used herein was approximately 75%. They did not completely inhibit the attachment. These results suggest that the interactions of collagen, fibronectin and laminin with their receptors on platelets are involved in the mechanism of platelet adhesion to subendothelium.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1989

[Clinicopathologic assessment of primary thymic carcinoma based on seven cases].

In order to study clinicopathologic characteristics of thymic carcinomas, seven patients experienced in our department were reviewed in this paper; 6 patients underwent thoracotomy and one did not receive surgical treatment. Among 6 who received operation, the tumor was resected totally in 3, subtotally in one, partially in one. One patient underwent exploratory thoracotomy. There have been no distinctive clinical features including clinical symptoms and radiographical findings from invasive thymomas in 7 primary thymic carcinomas, however, in these malignant tumors there have been no tumor-associated disorders not infrequently observed in thymomas. Postoperatively, distant metastasis was common in patients with thymic carcinomas, even though the primary tumor was resected totally in the operation. However, one patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus who underwent subtotal tumor resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy are surviving over 6 years postoperatively. Intensive treatment including pre- and postoperative radiation, tumor resection and postoperative chemotherapy is absolutely necessary for thymic carcinoma. Histologically, there were 4 squamous cell carcinomas and 3 large cell carcinomas. One of 3 large cell carcinomas showed squamous cell differentiation histologically. Two of 4 squamous cell carcinomas demonstrated concomitant entity of residual thymus tissue as well as thymoma in one specimen. However, further studies are necessary to determine precise etiology and tumor characteristics of thymic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Lung transplantation as a treatment method in terminal respiratory failure].

Lung transplantation is the last treatment for terminal respiratory failure due to irreversible pulmonary disease such as fibrosis and emphysema. In this paper we reported the results of our studies on three major problems for conducting clinical lung transplantation sefely, including lung preservation, early diagnosis of lung allograft rejection and bronchial anastomotic healing. We have developed a method for 48- and 96-hour lung preservation. Under simple hypothermic preservation using phosphate buffered solution resembling extracellular fluid, 48-hour storage of the lung becomes possible. Immunologic monitoring is feasible for early detection of postoperative rejection of the lung transplant. In this study subset and spontaneous blastogenesis of lymphocyte obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured in orthotopic rat lung allotransplantation. Lung allograft rejection is closely connected with wound healing of the bronchial anastomosis in lung transplantation. It seems that clinical applications of single and double lung transplantation is now possible for patients with terminal respiratory disease in our country.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗