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Biomedical subjects

M Handa

Publications and source records attributed to M Handa.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Multiple factors contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension in Cushing's syndrome.

The mechanisms causing high blood pressure in patients with Cushing's syndrome were investigated by measurements of humoral factors and pharmacological maneuvers. Twelve patients with adrenal adenomas were studied. The mean systolic and diastolic pressures of the patients were 171 +/- 28 and 109 +/- 15 mm Hg (+/- SEM), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of normal subjects. PRA, plasma renin concentration, plasma renin substrate, plasma cortisol, plasma aldosterone, urinary kallikrein, and urinary prostaglandin E2 were measured as the humoral factors. PC values were markedly elevated in patients with Cushing's syndrome. Among the components of the renin-angiotensin system, only plasma renin substrate was increased. Urinary kallikrein and prostaglandin E2 were decreased in patients with Cushing's syndrome. Oral administration of captopril lowered blood pressure, but infusion of an angiotensin II analog did not. Furthermore, the pressor responses to infusion of both norepinephrine and angiotensin II were increased. We conclude that blood pressure is elevated in patients with Cushing's syndrome because they have enhanced pressor responses to vasoactive substances, suppression of depressor systems, and some abnormalities of the renin-angiotensin system.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Inhibitory effect of human urinary trypsin inhibitor (urinastatin) on lysosomal thiol proteinases.

Effects of human urinary trypsin inhibitor, urinastatin, a compound clinically prescribed for treatment of acute pancreatitis, on lysosomal thiol proteinases were studied. Urinastatin had inhibitory effect on the activities of cathepsins B and H in vitro. In the experimental acute pancreatitis induced by a closed duodenal loop, urinastatin prevented the enhancement of esterolytic activity and the activities of cathepsins B and H. Urinastatin also improved the activities of inhibitors of cathepsins B and H in the case of pancreatitis.

Cathepsin B↗
PubMed1986

A rat model for monitoring homograft rejection of the lung.

A new surgical procedure was devised for the experimental homograft of the lung. The pulmonary artery and vein and bronchus were anastomosed under the operation microscope using interrupted sutures in group W (30 outbred Wistar rats) and continuous sutures in group F (7 inbred F344/Ducrj Rats). Mean ischemia time during the operation was 95.3 +/- 10.3 min in the group W and 55.6 +/- 5.8 in group F. Eight out of 30 rats (27%) of group W and all rats of group F survived more than 24 hr after the surgery. Pulmonary functions of grafted lungs were evaluated by serial x-rays and the perfusion ratio was 27.4 +/- 11.6% (mean +/- S.D.) in group W and 25.4 +/- 7.7% in group F. A patent opening of the hilar anastomosis in these rats was confirmed at autopsy. This model with continuous suture would be useful for the rat lung transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Results and prevention of complications in bronchoplastic surgery in lung cancer].

Fifty-eight patients have undergone bronchoplastic surgery for lung cancer and were reviewed in an attempt to evaluate its postoperative survival rate and to establish a certain method to prevent postoperative complications. Five-year survival rates of the patients with the reconstructive surgery were 36.9, 66.6, 7.9 per cent in over-all patients, stage I and II patients, and stage III patients, respectively. These results can compare favorable with the results obtained in patients who underwent standard operation for lung cancer. Seven of 9 patients with sleeve lobectomy and pulmonary artery reconstruction died within 2 years and 7 months postoperatively, and 4 of them showed distant metastasis. This type of operation may be alternative to pneumonectomy only when pneumonectomy would not be tolerated because of low cardiopulmonary reserve. Six of 8 patients died within 3 years after carina reconstruction. In this type of operation 4 cases showed tumor relapse around anastomotic site. Including 4 patients with carina reconstruction, 8 cases revealed postoperative local tumor recurrence despite the tumor free bronchial stump by frozen sections. These results indicate that prophylactic radiation therapy may be necessary to prevent local tumor relapse after the reconstructive surgery for the advanced lung cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Experience with surgery for thymoma associated with pure red blood cell aplasia. Report of three cases.

We present three cases of thymoma associated with pure red blood cell aplasia in which thymomectomy and thymectomy were performed. Case 1, a patient with pure red blood cell aplasia and hypogammaglobulinemia, was treated after surgery with immunosuppressive agents. She did not show any remission and died eight months after the operation. Case 2, a patient with pure red blood cell aplasia alone, showed transient erythropoiesis only in the early post-operative period and died one year and seven months after the operation. Patient 3 had pure red blood cell aplasia alone before surgery and was treated after surgery with prednisolone and fluoxymesterone. He showed good remission from the aplasia after these treatments; however, myasthenia gravis appeared seven months after the operation. These results seem to show that such combined therapy as applied in case 3 may be effective for some of the patients with pure red blood cell aplasia and thymoma; however, the effects of thymomectomy or thymectomy (or both) are still controversial for the treatment of pure red blood cell aplasia.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1985

[Acquisition of audio-visual conditional discrimination in pigeons].

Pigeons were trained on a cross-modal conditional discrimination task in which the subjects were required to select visual comparison stimuli depending upon auditory conditional stimuli. In simultaneous condition, the auditory conditional stimuli were presented until the subjects selected one of the two visual stimuli. All subjects attained above 80% correct responses within 21-64 sessions. After simultaneous condition, all subjects were trained in 0-1-2- and 3-s delayed conditions. They showed above 80%-90% correct responses in zero delayed training. In 1-s and 2-s delayed conditions, the percentage of correct responses was not significantly different in comparison with 0-s delayed condition. The results indicated that pigeons could learn audio-visual cross-modal conditional discrimination task both in simultaneous and delayed conditions and had no greater difficulty learning them than learning visual (unimodal) conditional discrimination.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1985

Prognostic evaluation of tracheobronchial reconstruction for bronchogenic carcinoma.

Fifty-two patients have undergone tracheobronchial reconstruction for bronchogenic carcinomas over a 20 year period and have been evaluated from the view point of prognosis. Five-year survival rates of the patients undergoing reconstructive operations were as follows: 35% for the total group, 50% for those with squamous cell carcinoma, and 64% for those with Stage I and II disease. No patients with adenocarcinoma or Stage III disease have survived more than 5 years. However, the number of patients with early adenocarcinoma was too small for us to conclude that the histologic type per se affected survival. Six of eight patients with sleeve lobectomy and pulmonary artery reconstruction died within 2 years, 7 months postoperatively. Five of seven patients died within 1 year after carinal reconstruction. However, two are alive at 4 months and 2 years, 9 months after left or right sleeve pneumonectomy. In summary, any types of lobectomy or pneumonectomy with reconstruction of the tracheobronchial tree can be conducted in patients with Stage I and II lung cancer. Sleeve lobectomy with pulmonary artery reconstruction can be an alternative to pneumonectomy when pneumonectomy is contraindicated because of low cardiopulmonary reserve. In patients undergoing reconstruction of the carina, prophylactic radiation therapy may be necessary during the postoperative course.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Portosystemic A-V fistula and portal hypertension associated with islet-cell tumor of the pancreas].

A 50-year-old woman was admitted on Feb. 25, 1983, complaining of hematemesis and melena. Endoscopic examination revealed the rupture of the esophageal varices. At first she was treated with pressure hemostasis using a S-B tube, but it was failed. Then she underwent esophageal transection under emergency thoracotomy. After the operation, she developed ascites and watery diarrhea, though there was no episode of hematemesis and melena. A bruit was audible at the epigastric region. Abdominal angiograms demonstrated a fist-sized portosystemic A-V fistula (PAVF) locating at the pancreas head, and suggested concomitant existence of portal hypertension. On May 16, 1983, laparotomy was carried out in order to reduce portal pressure, but it was not successful. She died 3 weeks after the second operation. Autopsy and pathological findings revealed that PAVF associated with a hen-egg-sized islet-cell tumor of the pancreas head. Etiology and clinical features of this rare entity may be characterized by the nature of the islet-cell tumor having rich and rapidly growing vascular supply.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1984

A ten-year experience with surgical resection for patients with metastatic lung tumors.

Removal of metastatic lung tumor was performed for 27 patients in a period from January, 1972 to December, 1981. They included 22 carcinomas and 5 sarcomas. Diagnosis as having lung metastasis was made after removal of the primary tumor in 18 patients and at the time of the first detection of the primary tumor in 4 patients. In 5 patients the operation for the metastatic tumor preceded that for the primary malignancy. Metastatic tumors were localized in one lobe in 13 patients. Thirteen of the 27 patients underwent lobectomy and 14 received other types of operation, with or without hilar and/or mediastinal lymphnode dissection. Four patients underwent bilateral thoracotomy. Survival rates at 3 and 5 postoperative years of the group of patients who underwent the operation for primary malignancy first were both 49 percent. The number of lesions removed or the type of operation did not seem to have correlations with the survival rate. Patients whose tumor-free interval was more than 40 months tended to survive longer than those who had an interval less than 40 months. The group with a tumor doubling time of more than 50 days showed a higher survival rate than the group with a doubling time of less than 50 days. Of the 4 patients thoracotomized bilaterally 2 are alive for 20 and 34 months postoperatively, while the other 2 died at 20 and 65 months after the operation. In the selected patients with metastatic lung tumors, surgical treatment can be conducted with a reasonably good result, even though the metastatic malignancy is multiple or bilateral.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Rejection monitoring by lymphocyte blastogenesis assay in canine lung allotransplantation.

Seventy-seven adult mongrel dogs underwent left lung transplantation to study the immunological detection of posttransplant rejection response using the lymphocyte blastogenesis assay. Experimental animals were divied into 3 groups; control autotransplantation (4 dogs), control allotransplantation (32 dogs) and immunosuppressed allotransplantation (41 dogs). The lymphocyte blastogenesis assay included mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), lymphocyte reactivity to lectins (PHA, ConA and PWM) and spontaneous blastogenesis in peripheral lymphocyte culture methods. The latter two tests were performed in serial blood samples up to the 38th posttransplant day. In the control autotransplant group there were no particular changes in posttransplant PHA reactivities. In the animals with lung allograft, results of preoperative MLR between donor and recipient showed no particular relationships to posttransplant rejection response. The recipient, however, showed a decreased response to PHA and an increased spontaneous blastogenesis at the period undergoing rejection which were confirmed by blood samples taken within 2 days before sacrifice of animals whose transplant specimens showed apparent histologic findings of rejection. In the immunosuppressed allotransplantation group, those findings of PHA response and spontaneous blastogenesis had often preceded the rejection episode detected on chest x-ray films, whereas there were no particular changes in both parameters of dogs bearing enhanced allografts. The serial detection of spontaneous blastogenesis and PHA reactivity in peripheral lymphocyte may be one of the useful methods for early prediction of rejection episode in lung transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Further characterization of platelet-type von Willebrand's disease in Japan.

We studied four patients who showed aggregation of platelets in platelet-rich plasma at lower concentrations of ristocetin than those required for normal platelet-rich plasma and who demonstrated an increased capacity of the platelets to bind normal von Willebrand factor. The four patients were from two Japanese families. Platelets from one family aggregated spontaneously in vitro, and platelets from both families aggregated upon the addition of normal plasma and cryoprecipitate, in the absence of ristocetin or other agonists. Analysis of the multimeric composition of von Willebrand factor by sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis revealed a decrease in large multimers or a decrease in both large and intermediate multimers in plasma, but normal multimers in platelets. 1-Deamino-[8-D-arginine]-vasopressin caused by an immediate appearance of larger multimers in plasma, followed by the rapid disappearance of these multimers from circulating plasma. Analysis of platelet membrane glycoproteins from the patients showed that there were two distinct bands in the glycoprotein I region; one migrated in a slower region and the other in a faster region than normal glycoprotein Ib. We suggest that the platelet receptor abnormality in these patients is related to this abnormality of glycoprotein Ib.

Deamino Arginine Vasopressin↗