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Biomedical subjects

M Haque

Publications and source records attributed to M Haque.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and age-specific blood pressures in five cities: a study of Indian women. NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India. Five City Study Group.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence of hypertension and age-specific blood pressure in urban populations from five Indian cities. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in six-twenty urban streets in different cities from five different corners of India, using similar methods of sample selection and criteria. There were 3212 randomly selected women from Moradabad (n=902), Trivandrum (n=760), Calcutta (n=365), Nagpur (n=405) and Bombay (n=780), aged 25-64 years, inclusive. Evaluation was by a physician and a dietitian, an administered questionnaire, a physical examination and using a sphygmomanometer. The diagnosis of hypertension was based on old World Health Organisation criteria and new World Health Organisation/International Society of Hypertension criteria. The prevalence of hypertension (>140/90 mm Hg) was significantly (P<0.01) high in Trivandrum, South India (30.7%), and Bombay, West India (28.0%), compared to Moradabad, which is in northern India (22.6%), Nagpur, in central India (24.2%), and Calcutta, in east India (19.1%). Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in Trivandrum and Bombay compared to the other three cities. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 25.6% (n=823) and isolated diastolic hypertension was the most common form of hypertension (50.5%, n=1506) in the five Indian cities. According to old criteria, the overall prevalence of hypertension (>160/95 mm Hg) was 14.8% (n=481). Multivariate logistic regression analysis on pooled data from the five cities, after adjustment for age, showed that age (odds ratio 1.16), body mass index (1.68) and obesity were strongly associated with hypertension. A sedentary lifestyle and salt intake were weakly associated and alcohol intake was not a factor with these women.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Aetiology of delayed facial palsy after vestibular schwannoma surgery: clinical data and hypothesis.

A patient developed delayed facial nerve palsy at the level of House-Brackmann grade I to grade III 10 days after vestibular schwannoma surgery by the suboccipital transmeatal approach. The palsy had completely recovered after one month. Immunological study showed reactivation of herpes simplex and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated an abnormal enhancement pattern of the facial nerve; intense enhancement of the distal intracanalicular segment and labyrinthine segment, similar to the MR findings for Bell's palsy. A prospective control study on the enhancement pattern of the functionally preserved facial nerve after vestibular schwannoma surgery in six cases showed a similar pattern to that of the normal facial nerve. Based on these findings, we propose the hypothesis that herpes simplex reactivation is an underlying cause of delayed facial palsy after vestibular schwannoma surgery.

Facial Nerve↗
PubMed1998

Trematode hemoglobins show exceptionally high oxygen affinity.

Ligand binding studies were made with hemoglobin (Hb) isolated from trematode species Gastrothylax crumenifer (Gc), Paramphistomum epiclitum (Pe), Explanatum explanatum (Ee), parasitic worms of water buffalo Bubalus bubalis, and Isoparorchis hypselobagri (Ih) parasitic in the catfish Wallago attu. The kinetics of oxygen and carbon monoxide binding show very fast association rates. Whereas oxygen can be displaced on a millisecond time scale from human Hb at 25 degrees C, the dissociation of oxygen from trematode Hb may require a few seconds to over 20 s (for Hb Pe). Carbon monoxide dissociation is faster, however, than for other monomeric hemoglobins or myoglobins. Trematode hemoglobins also show a reduced rate of autoxidation; the oxy form is not readily oxidized by potassium ferricyanide, indicating that only the deoxy form reacts rapidly with this oxidizing agent. Unlike most vertebrate Hbs, the trematodes have a tyrosine residue at position E7 instead of the usual distal histidine. As for Hb Ascaris, which also displays a high oxygen affinity, the trematodes have a tyrosine in position B10; two H-bonds to the oxygen molecule are thought to be responsible for the very high oxygen affinity. The trematode hemoglobins display a combination of high association rates and very low dissociation rates, resulting in some of the highest oxygen affinities ever observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Occlusion of the sigmoid sinus after surgery via the presigmoidal-transpetrosal approach.

OBJECT: In this paper the authors report on sigmoid sinus occlusion as a surgical complication in seven of 143 operations in which a presigmoidal-transpetrosal approach was used. METHODS: Five patients (Cases 1-5) developed occlusion within 40 days after surgery, and in the remaining two (Cases 6 and 7) occlusion was detected 5.4 and 6.4 years postsurgery by means of cerebral venography, which was performed in 40 of the remaining 138 patients. Of the two patients with occlusion of the hypoplastic transverse sinus, one (Case 1) did not develop symptoms and the other (Case 2) developed brain edema with transient aphasia. Of the three patients suffering from occlusion of the dominant sigmoid sinus, one (Case 3) developed severe intracerebral hemorrhages and had a poor prognosis; one (Case 4) developed profuse supra- and infratentorial brain edema with consciousness disturbance; and the other (Case 5) developed hemorrhagic infarction in the temporal lobe accompanied by aphasia. Two patients whose sinus occlusion was detected later (Cases 6 and 7) did not develop symptoms and displayed well-communicated transverse sinuses. In Case 7, a dural arteriovenous malformation formed at the site of the sinus occlusion. Laceration of the sigmoid sinus was suspected as the cause of occlusion in Cases 2, 3, and 7; compression of the sinus in Cases 5 and 6, sinus laceration and postoperative dehydration in Case 4; and laceration and compression of the sinus in Case 1. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in the clinical course among these patients were attributed to anatomical variations in the venous system. Occlusion of the sigmoid sinus should be weighed as a potential complication when selecting candidates for the presigmoidal-transpetrosal approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy using double balloon catheter: a new technical application.

In the present study, a modified application of the surgical instrument with double balloon is described in the ovarian cystectomy procedure. This technique has been proved effective and safe especially in removing chocolate-like cystoma. This new instrument, which we originally designed, has two balloons at the tip of the catheter. After a cyst is punctured, the inner and outer balloons are inflated to fix the cyst well. After fixing the cyst with two balloons, the internal needle of the instrument can be removed. This catheter, named the SAND balloon catheter, is advantageous in laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Thoracoscopic parasternal lymph node dissection for the staging of breast cancer.

With the advent of advanced thoracoscopic techniques, new applications have been expanding their roles in thoracic surgery. The aim of this paper is to introduce our new thoracoscopic approach in performing parasternal lymph node dissection of advanced breast cancer for its staging. This technique does not need the removal of any costal cartilage which is usually done in the conventional classical technique after radical mastectomy. Thoracoscopic procedure, in which wide and complete parasternal lymph node dissection is done, is minimally invasive and easy to perform. Therefore, the thoracoscopic technique may be a suitable alternative to the conventional approach in the future.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Dystrophic calcification in the neck--a case report.

One 55 years aged male person was admitted with progressive painless neck swelling with multiple discharging sinuses. His X-ray of the neck showed a dense radio-opaque shadow & serum calcium level was 2 mmol/l. On neck exploration, an irregular calculus was revealed; hooking around the left carotid sheath. Histopathology confirmed the clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis. Anti-TB chemotherapy for six months cured him.

Calcium↗
PubMed1998

Prevalence and determinants of central obesity and age-specific waist:hip ratio of people in five cities: the Indian Women's Health Study.

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of central obesity and age-specific waist:hip ratio of urban women from five Indian cities. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 6-12 urban streets in different parts of India using similar methods of sample selection and criteria of diagnosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We randomly selected 3212 women, aged 25-64 years, from Moradabad (n = 902), Trivandrum (n = 760), Calcutta (n = 365), Nagpur (n = 405), and Bombay (n = 780). Evaluation was by a questionnaire administered by a physician and a dietician, a physical examination, and anthropometric measurements. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of central obesity among the total number of women was 55.0%, with the highest prevalence in Calcutta (62.2%) and the lowest in Bombay (47.4%). Waist:hip ratio was 0.85 +/- 0.13 (mean +/- SD) with the highest ratio for women in Calcutta (0.87 +/- 0.12) and the lowest for women in Moradabad (0.84 +/- 0.16). After pooling of data from all five cities, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, regardless of age, body mass index (> 23 kg/m2; odds ratio 1.12), sedentary lifestyle (odds ratio 2.51), and family history of obesity (odds ratio 2.15) were strongly associated with central obesity. Excess intake of fat was weakly associated with central obesity but age was not a risk factor for central obesity, although the prevalence was highest among those aged over 55 years in Moradabad, Calcutta, and Nagpur. CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of central obesity among the urban women of India has increased, more so in Calcutta and Trivandrum. Body mass index, sedentary lifestyle, and family history of excess intake of fat were significant risk factors for central obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Expression of a dominant-negative retinoic acid receptor construct reduces retinoic acid metabolism and retinoic acid-induced inhibition of NIH-3T3 cell growth.

We have previously reported an unexpected relationship between retinoic acid-induced inhibition of cell growth and the ability of various cell lines to metabolize the retinoid. Here, we report that stable expression of the truncated retinoic acid receptor RAR alpha403, transduced in NIH-3T3 cells by a retroviral vector, rendered the cells resistant to retinoic acid for growth inhibition and reduced their ability to metabolize the retinoid at the same time as it blunted the induction of the target gene transglutaminase II. The data suggest that retinoic acid receptors mediate the growth-inhibitory action of retinoic acid as well as its metabolism and the induction of transglutaminase II.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1997

Trematode myoglobins, functional molecules with a distal tyrosine.

The myoglobins of two trematodes, Paramphistomum epiclitum and Isoparorchis hypselobagri, were isolated to homogeneity. The native molecules are monomeric with Mr 16,000-17,000 and pI 6.5-7.5. In each species, at least four different globin isoforms occur. Primary structure was determined at the protein level. The globin chains contain 147 amino acid residues. Although major determinants of the globin fold are conserved, characteristic substitutions are present. A Tyr residue occurs at the helical positions B10 and E7 (distal position). This is confirmed by NMR measurements (Zhang, W., Rashid, K. A., Haque, M., Siddiqi, A. H., Vinogradov, S. N., Moens, L. & La Mar, G. N. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 3000-3006). A distal Tyr normally provokes oxidation of the iron atom and the inability to bind oxygen, whereas a Tyr-B10 is indicative for a high oxygen affinity. In contrast, trematode myoglobins are functional molecules with a high oxygen affinity. Molecular modeling predicts two possible positions for the aromatic ring of Tyr-E7: one being outside the heme pocket making it freely accessible to the ligand and one within the heme pocket potentially able to form a second hydrogen bond with the iron-bound oxygen. A hydrogen bond between Tyr-B10 and the bound oxygen as in the Ascaris hemoglobin is predicted as well. The predicted structure may explain the high oxygen affinity of the trematode myoglobins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Solution of 1H NMR structure of the heme cavity in the oxygen-avid myoglobin from the trematode Paramphistomum epiclitum.

A two-dimensional 1H NMR study has been carried out on the heme cavity of the extreme oxygen-avid and autoxidation-resistant oxy-myoglobin complex from the trematode Paramphistomum epiclitum, and the residues were identified which potentially provide hydrogen bond stabilization for the bound oxygen. Complete assignment of the heme core resonances allows the identification of 10 key heme pocket residues, 4 Phe, 4 Tyr, and 2 upfield ring current aliphatic side chains. Based solely on the conserved myoglobin folding topology that places the E helix-heme crossover and the completely conserved Phe(CD1)-heme contact at opposing meso positions, the heme orientation in the cavity and the E helix alignment were unambiguously established that place Tyr66 at position E7. Moreover, all eight aromatic and the two aliphatic side chains were shown to occupy the positions in the heme cavity predicted by amino acid sequence alignment with globins of known tertiary structure. The dipolar contacts for the Tyr32(B10) and Tyr66(E7) rings indicate that both residues are oriented into the heme cavity, which is unprecedented in globins. The ring hydroxyl protons for both Tyr are close to each other and in a position to provide hydrogen bonds to the coordinated oxygen, as supported by strong retardation of their exchange rate with bulk solvent. A more crowded and compact structure increases the dynamic stability of the distal pocket and may contribute to the autoxidation resistance of this myoglobin.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Intramedullary spinal cord tumour associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.

We investigated the characteristic features of intramedullary spinal cord tumour associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). We have experienced 44 cases of pathologically confirmed intramedullary spinal cord tumour. Diagnosis of NF-1 was done according to the criteria set by the National Institute of Health Consensus Development Conference. Within the described population NF-1 was diagnosed in two patients. Both the patients were male and histopathologically the tumours were anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme respectively. 6 cases of NF-1 associated with intramedullary spinal cord tumour based on the above diagnostic criteria have so far been reported, including our 2 cases. Of these 6 cases, 5 were male and in one sex was not described. The tumour was an astrocytoma in all 6 cases. This finding suggested that intramedullary spinal cord tumour associated with NF-1 tends to occur predominantly in males and that histopathologically the tumour is likely to be an astrocytoma. We conclude that the criteria proposed by the National Institute of Health Consensus Development Conference are contributory in making an accurate pre-operative pathological diagnosis of intramedullary spinal cord tumour associated with NF-1.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

The role of oxygen free radicals in idiopathic facial pain.

Patients with chronic facial pain including those with facial arthromyalgia (TMJ dysfunction syndrome) were investigated for evidence of abnormal systemic and intra-articular free radical activity. Chronic facial pain patients showed significantly raised serum 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid after an oral dose of 1.2 g of aspirin which indicates increased systemic free radical activity. This was reflected in the TMJ aspirates of the facial arthromyalgia patients which contained thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBA-RS) which is also a product of free radical activity. The synovial aspirates also contained high levels of the hyperalgesic eicosanoid 15-HETE. However, there was no difference between the painful and symptom-free joints, which suggested that in part the clinical features are probably determined by asymmetrical masticatory function or as yet unknown algesic factors such as local cytokine production.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

Identification of a variant B-specific neutralizing epitope on glycoprotein H of human herpesvirus-6.

We have identified the human herpesvirus-6 variant B (HHV-6B)-specific neutralizing epitope on glycoprotein H (gH) which is recognized by monoclonal antibody (MAb) OHV3, with complement-independent neutralizing activity. HHV-6 gHs from HHV-6A (strain U1102) and HHV-6B (strain HST) were expressed in a T7-vaccinia virus transient expression system. OHV3 reacted with HST gH, but not with U1102 gH, in an immunoprecipitation assay and an indirect immunofluorescence assay. In addition, OHV3 reacted with chimeric gHs, formed between U1102 gH and HST gH, containing amino acids 272 to 422 of HST gH. Sequence comparison between U1102 and HST showed seven amino acid differences in this region. Site-specific mutations were introduced into these positions and then reactivity against OHV3 was investigated. The arginine at position 389 of HST gH was shown to be a determinant of the HHV-6B-specific reactivity of OHV3.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1996

Lipid profile of Helicobacter spp.: presence of cholesteryl glucoside as a characteristic feature.

The lipid and fatty acid profiles of eight Helicobacter spp. (H. nemestrinae, H. acinonyx, H. canis, Helicobacter sp. strain CLO-3, "H. rappini" [Flexispira rappini], H. pametensis, Helicobacter sp. strain Bird-B, and Helicobacter sp. strain Bird-C) and the fatty acid profiles of five additional species (H. pylori, H. felis, H. muridarum, H. mustelae, and H. fennelliae) were analyzed and compared. A heterologous fatty acid profile was observed among the Helicobacter spp., and on that basis the species could be divided into two groups. Group A had 19-carbon cyclopropane fatty acid (19:0cyc) and tetradecanoic acid (14:0) as the major fatty acids, and group B characteristically lacked the 19:0cyc and had hexadecanoic acid (16:0) and octadecenoic (18:1) acids as the major fatty acids. The species of group A are primarily gastric colonizers, and those of group B are primarily intestinal colonizers. Seven of the eight species studied showed the unusual and characteristic presence of cholesteryl glucosides (CGs), and most of these seven showed a very large amount (9.7 to 27.4% of the weight of total extractable lipid). The types of CGs and their distribution in different species were as follows: cholesteryl-6-O-acyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (cholesteryl-6-O-tetradecanoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside in H. nemestrinae and mainly cholesteryl-6-O-dodecanoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside in "H. rappini"), cholesteryl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (H. nemestrinae, H. acinonyx, H. canis, Helicobacter sp. strain CLO-3, and "H. rappini"), and cholesteryl-6-O-phosphatidyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (H. nemestrinae, H. acinonyx, H. canis, and Helicobacter sp. strain CLO-3). Besides this, we could also detect cholesteryl acyl glucoside in H. acinonyx, cholesteryl glucoside in Helicobacter sp. strains Bird-B and -C, and cholesteryl phosphatidyl glucoside in "H. rappini" and Helicobacter sp. strain Bird-C. A selective accumulation of free cholesterol was observed in the neutral lipid fractions. On the basis of the detection of CGs in 11 of the 13 species studied so far, the presence of CGs appears to be a characteristic feature of the genus Helicobacter. In view of this and also because of a simple and rapid detection method described herein, the CGs can be used as a valuable chemotaxonomic marker.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1996

Laparoscopic gastrotomy in intragastric surgery for early gastric cancer: a new technique.

Laparoscopic surgery has been widely applied not only in cholecystectomy but also in gastrointestinal operations. In previous reports the authors proposed their original operative technique, laparoscopic intragastric surgery (LIGS),' in which all trocars and surgical instruments are inserted directly into the gastric lumen to perform the resection of mucosal or' submucosal lesions of the stomach. The purpose of this article is to introduce laparoscopic gastrotomy as a new technique for removing early gastric cancer by LIGS.

Journal Article↗