PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Hara

Publications and source records attributed to M Hara.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Operation of female stress incontinence--comparison between Raz procedure and Gittes procedure].

We performed Raz procedure and Gittes procedure for female stress incontinence since October 1986. Raz procedure was performed on 19 patients between October 1986 and February 1990, and Gittes procedure was performed on 18 patients between June 1990 and May 1991. We followed up 17 patients who underwent Raz procedure and all the patients who underwent Gittes procedure at the time August 1991. Disappearance or marked improvement of incontinence was confirmed in 12 patients by Raz procedure, and 16 patients by Gittes Procedure. No serious complications were recognized. The reason why the result of Raz procedure was not sufficient was due to our immature operative technique and incorrect patient selection in our early experience. From this experience, we believe that both procedures can be very useful and minimal invasive operation for female stress incontinence.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[General pharmacology of cefepime].

General pharmacological properties of cefepime (CFPM), a new injectable semisynthetic cephalosporin and its metabolite N-methylpyrrolidine-N-oxide (NMP-N-oxide) were studied in laboratory animals. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. CFPM reduced spontaneous locomotor activity but potentiate the anesthesia at the highest dose in mice. Furthermore, significant hypothermia and analgesia were observed at the same dose in mice. No effects were found on the other CNS function in mice and rats or on EEG activities in rabbits. 2. Muscle relaxant activity was not observed in mice treated with CFPM even at the highest dose. 3. CFPM had no effect on the intestinal smooth muscle and did not show any antagonism against some smooth muscle contracting drugs. 4. The respiration, blood pressure, heart rate and ECG were affected by CFPM. Those changes, however, might have been principally caused by L-arginine blended with CFPM product. 5. No effect of CFPM on the intestinal movement or gastric secretion was found even at the highest dose of CFPM. 6. The pH neutralizer L-arginine caused alterations in the renal function and electrolyte metabolism but CFPM did not. 7. Whole blood clotting time tended to be lengthened by CFPM at the highest concentration but this effect seemed to have been caused by L-arginine. Other parameters of the coagulation system or red blood cell resistance were not affected by CFPM. 8. NMP-N-oxide, a metabolite of CFPM, had almost no effect on any of the tested parameters except for its slight effect on the circulatory system. These findings indicate that CFPM has scarcely any pharmacological properties which might be leading to severe adverse reactions in clinical use.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) positive acute myelomonocytic leukemia with esophageal cancer: a case report].

A 62-year old male was admitted to our hospital because of fever and dysphagia on November 14, 1987. The peripheral leukocyte count was 174,400/microliters with 93% blasts and bone marrow aspiration showed that 90.4% of nucleated cells were blasts positive for both myeloperoxidase and alpha-naphthylbutyrate esterase. Chromosome analysis revealed a karyotype of 45XY, 9q+, 16q+, -20 and 22q-. Esophageal X-ray and endoscopy showed abnormalities. Esophageal biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma. He was diagnosed as having Ph1 positive acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL, M4) and esophageal cancer. He was treated with BHAC-DMP and intermediate-dose ara-C therapy for leukemia and a complete remission was obtained by March 25, 1988. As treatment for esophageal cancer, radiation therapy (total 4,200 cGy) was given and followed by chemotherapy with CDDP and 5-FU. However he died on April 8, 1988. Autopsy findings showed disseminated invasion of esophageal cancer. Ph1 positive AMMoL associated with esophageal cancer is extremely rare.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1992

[An autopsy case of Fahr disease (infantile form)].

A 13-year-old girl with Fahr disease (infantile form) was reported. Her parents were consanguineous. Her elder sister had mental retardation and spasticity of the lower limbs, and died at 23 years of age. The patient suffered from infantile spasms at 3 month. She was bed-ridden, nonverbal, microcephalic and blind. Cranial CT revealed massive calcifications in the basal ganglia, periventricular white matter, dentate nucleus and cerebellar white matter. EEG showed a suppression-burst pattern. At 13 years, she died of pneumonia and hyperammonemia. Microscopic examination of brain showed perivascular non-arteriosclerotic ferro-calcinosis. The periventricular granules are 1-4 mu or 12 mu in diameter. This pathological change was observed only in the central nervous system above midbrain. No calcifications were found in the pituitary and the vessels of pia mater. Also a reduced ornithine transcarbamylase activity was found in the liver, which was probably not related with cerebral calcifications. Infantile form of Fahr disease is rare and may be heterogeneous in etiology. However, clinical manifestations and pathological findings were similar to those in previous reports of Fahr disease in childhood. It is one of the disorders causing infantile spasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical studies on Kock continent urinary reservoir and Indiana continent urinary reservoir].

Recently, the continent urinary reservoir which provides the patient with a better quality of life has become popular. Many types of reservoirs have been reported, but the optimal procedure remains to be established. From July 1987 through November 1988, we performed Kock pouch construction on 11 patients (ages 39 to 76 years). Between July 1989 and March 1991, 9 patients (ages 44 to 66 years) underwent Indiana pouch operation. The first 4 patients underwent ileal patch type, and the subsequent 5 underwent Heineke-Mikulicz type procedure. A one-stage radical cystectomy and continent urinary reservoir construction was performed on 19 patients, and bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy was converted to Kock pouch in one patient. There were no perioperative deaths, but reoperation was required for urinary leakage from the reservoir on one patient in each group. As the late complications in the Kock pouch group, one patient required revisional operation of the continent valve mechanism, 2 patients experienced intermittent prolapse of the nipple valve of the efferent limb, and 2 had malfunction of the afferent nipple valve. In the Indiana pouch group unilateral hydronephrosis was noticed in one patient, and 4 had mild difficulty of catheterization. Although 3 patients in both groups had mild urinary leakage, all patients had good quality of life with capacity of reservoir over 500 ml and with good renal function. We changed the type of operative procedure from Kock pouch to Indiana pouch because of the high complication ratio in the former.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Adult Still's disease].

Still's disease was reported to be a type of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) by Still in 1897. Adult-onset Still's disease is an important clinical entity inducing fever, skin rash and polyarthritis. Spiking fever and rash are characteristic features for early diagnosis. Although chronic polyarthritis is similar to RA, ankylosis of hand joint is characteristic for Still's disease rather than destructive change. Increased ESR, negative autoantibodies, leukocytosis, liver dysfunction and hyperferritinemja are major laboratory findings. A markedly increased level of serum ferritin can be used, not only as an indicator of disease activity, but also as a diagnostic marker of the disease. For therapy, a moderate dose of steroid is the most effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Progressive cerebellar ataxia with diencephalic symptoms (Toyokura)--a case report].

We reported a 16-year-old boy suffering from dwarfism, diabetes insipidus and progressive cerebellar ataxia. The disease entity here reported was originally reported by Toyokura et al. in 1967, under the title of "progressive cerebellar ataxia with diencephalic symptoms". Ten similar cases have been reported in literature so far, all of which were Japanese except for two sibling cases reported by Robinson et al. The topographic distribution of the lesion in this disorder, however, had been conjectured to be at spinocerebellar tract and diencephalon only on a clinical ground. By applying the modern techniques of neuroimaging, electrophysiological and endocrinological test in our patient, the authors were able to demonstrate the lesion of the disorder more precisely. CT and MRI of the head revealed degenerative changes in deeper structures of the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres. ABR abnormality suggested the presence of a wide lesion in the brain stem. Pituitary hormones (GH and ACTH) sufficiently responded to the loading of hypothalamic hormones such as growth hormone releasing factor and corticotropin releasing factor, in spite of poor responses of GH under the insulin stimulation or sleep. These clinical and laboratory findings suggested that the patient has a systemic degenerative disease which preferentially involves hypothalamus, brain stem and cerebellum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A case of antiphospholipid syndrome associated with left subclavian artery thrombosis and left external iliac vein thrombosis].

Arterial thrombosis is one of the major symptoms of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). However, thrombosis in a primary branch of the aorta has rarely been reported in APS. We report here a case of APS complicated by thromboses in both the left subclavian artery and the left external iliac vein. A 32-year-old woman was admitted in May, 1990 complaining of no pulse in the left superficial arteries (e.g., left radial artery) for the past 5 years and acute swelling of the left lower extremity. A left ascending phlebography showed an occlusion of the external iliac vein and arteriography revealed obstruction in the left subclavian artery. Collateral circulations were developed at the site of each thrombus. Clotting and immunological studies revealed a prolonged APTT, a high titer of anticardiolipin antibody and lupus anticoagulant positive. We ruled out various diseases and clinical risk factors predisposing to both arterial and venous thromboses. Accordingly, we concluded that both thromboses were based on APS. Following treatment with anticoagulants, aspirin and corticosteroid, the swelling of her left thigh was diminished and the antibody titer was decreased within 3 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Inner ear morphology of experimental perilymphatic fistula.

The inner ear pathology of experimental perilymphatic fistula (EPLF) is described. EPLF was produced by injecting artificial perilymph into the subarachnoid space, or by suctioning 4 microL of perilymph through one of the round window membranes of the guinea pig. The animals were either killed immediately, or were kept alive for 3 weeks to 3 months. The conventional celloidin embedding method was employed for morphologic study. Vestibular function of the animals was tested by observing spontaneous nystagmus and positional nystagmus after the experiment. The caloric test was also performed. Various pathologic changes of the membranous labyrinth were observed. In the cochlea these included rupture or collapse of Reissner's membrane, bulging of Reissner's membrane, loss of hair cells, and compression of the organ of Corti. Pathology of the otolithic organs and semicircular canals mainly consisted of collapse of the membranous labyrinth. Clinical symptoms in patients with perilymphatic fistula (PLF) are explained, based on our experimental findings. Electronystagmography (ENG) of EPLF animals showed either no caloric response or, with a longer duration, caloric irregularity. Prolonged unsteadiness in patients may be due to "floating" labyrinth.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Detection of intracranial lesions of rheumatoid vasculitis with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)].

Vasculitis in malignant courses of rheumatoid arthritis is found in many systems, but rarely in the central nervous system. It has been reported that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is capable of depicting minute infarctions and/or lesions of demyelination more clearly than does X-ray computed tomography (CT). In the present study, we compared MRI and/or CT of the brain in 3 cases with rheumatoid vasculitis to gauge their relative usefulness for detecting cerebrovascular damages in such patients. In one case with focal neurological symptoms (case 1), MRI depicted lesions responsible for the symptoms more clearly than did CT. In the other two cases (cases 2 and 3), which had no neurological nor psychiatric symptoms, MRI detected multiple microinfarcts in each brain; CT revealed no such lesions. These results indicate that MRI may be more useful than CT to detect brain lesions in patients with rheumatoid vasculitis, and that patients with rheumatoid vasculitis who show no CNS symptoms may in fact still have cerebrovascular lesions. Further studies with MRI in more patients with rheumatoid vasculitis should establish the incidence of cerebrovascular involvement such patients; it is probably much higher than has been previously reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

An ATP-driven Cl- pump regulates Cl- concentrations in rat hippocampal neurons.

To investigate the role of Cl(-)-stimulated Mg(2+)-ATPase (Cl(-)-ATPase) in neurons, we examined the effects of ethacrynic acid (0.3 mM), which completely inhibits Cl(-)-ATPase on the intracellular Cl- concentrations of cultured rat hippocampal neurons, using Cl(-)-sensitive fluorescent probes. Ethacrynic acid and ATP consuming treatment increased the intracellular Cl- concentration, but elevation of the extracellular K+ concentration up to 10 mM, inhibition of Na+/K(+)-ATPase, or dissolution of H+ gradients had no effect. Furosemide (0.1 mM), an inhibitor of Na+/K+/Cl- co-transport, decreased the intracellular Cl- concentrations. These results indicate that an ethacrynic acid-sensitive and ATP-driven Cl- pump functions to reduce intraneural Cl- concentrations.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1991

Secretion of chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase and chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase from cultured chick embryo chondrocytes.

We found that chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase and chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase were released into the culture medium from the cultured chick embryo chondrocytes. Since the release of the sulfotransferases was observed not only in serum-supplemented medium but also in serum-free medium, the released sulfotransferases were unlikely to be derived from serum. Addition of ascorbate to the serum-free medium supported the continuous release of the sulfotransferases. Monensin, which is known to cause dilatation of the Golgi apparatus and to inhibit sulfation of proteoglycan, was found to affect the release of the sulfotransferases. In the presence of 10(-6) M monensin, chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase activity in the cell layer was decreased to less than one tenth of the control, and the rate of the release of the activity became much smaller than the control after the initial rapid release. The activity of chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase was also affected by monensin, but the reduction of the chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase activity in the cell layer was not so great as the reduction of chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase activity. Unlike to the microsomal sulfotransferases, both chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase and chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase released into the culture medium were retained in the soluble fraction after centrifugation at 100,000 x g for 60 min, and were not activated by detergent. pH optimum and requirements for sulfhydryl compounds of the released sulfotransferases were similar to those observed previously in the chondroitin sulfotransferases from chick embryo cartilage and from cultured chick embryo chondrocytes. These results suggest that chondroitin sulfotransferases, which are localized in the Golgi apparatus, may be secreted to the extracellular space in a soluble form under the culture conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation of per-rectal scintigraphy using I-123 IMP--evaluation of the portal hemodynamic changes after TAE].

Per-rectal portal scintigraphy using I-123 IMP was performed before and after TAE in 29 patients with hepatoma. Index of porto-systemic shunt (PSS index) was obtained by lung/(lung + liver) uptake ratio at 30 min after administration of IMP. The influence of TAE on portal circulation was evaluated by using this PSS index. PSS index increased 16 of 29 patients (55.2%) after TAE. PSS index increased after TAE especially in cases of severe liver dysfunction before TAE, marked portal involvement, and embolization of a larger liver volume. PSS index also increased when there was deterioration of esophageal varices, ascites, and hepatic coma after TAE. PSS index is useful for evaluation of portal circulation after TAE.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1991

Early lesion of N-nitroso-N-ethylurea-induced hamster neurofibromatosis model.

To investigate histogenesis of neurofibroma, early lesions of N-nitroso-N-ethylurea-induced neurofibroma of Syrian golden hamsters were examined. The lesions were detectable from 8 weeks of age, and a total of 14 lesions in 9 hamsters from 8 to 12 weeks of age were observed. Most of the lesions were found in the skin; they were also observed in the trigeminal nerve, cervical plexus, and abdominal sympathetic ganglion. Histological examination revealed there were two types of early lesions such as solitary and plexiform types. The former developed in the s.c. or dermal part of the skin and showed invasive growth of the surrounding tissue, while the latter originated from the large nerves such as the trigeminal nerve or cervical plexus. Growth kinetics of the early lesions was quantitated by continuous administration of bromodeoxyuridine and double immunostaining. Using these systems we observed that various kinds of cells had already participated in early lesions and later Schwann cells became a main component of the tumor. The histogenesis of neurofibroma was considered to be complexed by proliferation of several kinds of cell types at the early stage.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Continuous removal of anti-DNA antibody, using a new extracorporeal immunoadsorption system, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

We performed selective and continuous immunoadsorption of anti-DNA antibodies from the blood of 6 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, using a newly developed extracorporeal immunoadsorption system equipped with twin dextran sulfate-cellulose columns with an automated regenerating unit. Levels of anti-DNA, which were initially high, were rapidly diminished after 2-4 apheresis procedures in each patient; in 3 patients with proteinuria and 4 patients with lymphocytopenia, these symptoms also improved. Analysis of the kinetics and the adsorbed amounts of anti-DNA during the apheresis indicates that both the intravascular and the extravascular pool of anti-DNA are reduced with this potent apheresis technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Clip electrode method for recording eye movements in experimental animals.

Both the guinea pig and squirrel monkey were used in this study. An animal model for inner ear disease was established, and each animal was subjected to vestibular function tests consisting of spontaneous nystagmus recording, positional testing, caloric testing, and optokinetic stimulation testing. Recordings of nystagmus in the guinea pig and squirrel monkey were successfully obtained by using newly devised clip electrodes. A variety of nystagmic patterns in animal models following experimentally created perilymphatic fistula and labyrinthectomy are presented in this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Interaction between human neutrophils and corneocytes: corneocyte-induced respiratory burst of neutrophils assessed by chemiluminescence.

In an in vitro study to examine whether corneocytes stimulate neutrophils to cause a respiratory burst, we found that stratum corneum (SC) homogenates obtained from the sole of healthy individuals induced a substantial respiratory burst in human neutrophils when assessed by lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) in the presence of the fresh human serum. Electron microscopically, the interaction between corneocytes and neutrophils was shown as distinctive deformation of the neutrophils adhering to the surface of the corneocytes that suggested a specific binding between SC and neutrophils. In contrast, in the heat-inactivated serum-supplemented system, the peak intensity of SC-induced CL was significantly decreased, being only slightly higher than that noted in the SC-free background. To circumvent the time-consuming preparation of the SC homogenates, we measured CL with a sheet of SC obtained by stripping with adhesive cellophane tape. In this case we used plasma because the complement was easily activated by cellophane tape itself when serum was used. To evaluate the influence of the location of horny tissue in the SC on CL in neutrophils, we used SC sheets stripped with cellophane tape from various levels of the SC. However, there was no significant difference in CL responses between SC sheets obtained by 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, or 15 strippings. Our findings suggest that when SC comes in contact with serum, it is opsonized by C3b, and such SC causes a respiratory burst of neutrophils following their specific binding on the surface of corneocytes.

Cell Communication↗