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Biomedical subjects

M Hartleb

Publications and source records attributed to M Hartleb.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Segmental mean transit times of 99mtechnetium within central vascular space in liver cirrhosis.

Mean transit time (MTT) through a given vascular space is closely related to the effective blood volume in this compartment. Central vascular blood volume in liver cirrhosis is believed to be reduced, but more precise data on the location of the underfilled vascular area are lacking. 99mTechnetium first-pass angiography was performed in 15 cirrhotic patients and in 10 age-matched normals. The method of segmental analysis of MTT was validated by performing an analog study in a plastic tubing/chamber system. The mean tracer sojourn in the central circulation was described in cirrhotic patients (10.25 +/- 2.17 s vs 12.92 +/- 2.88 s; p less than 0.05); however, this finding was not observed beyond cardiopulmonary circulation (MTT between right and left heart chambers). Segmental comparative analysis between cirrhotics and normals revealed significant MTT differences in two vascular subcompartments, i.e. right chamber-pulmonary artery, and within the lung vascular bed. Analysis of time activity lung curves in patients with cirrhosis disclosed a shorter time to peak and more rapid washout of the tracer from this area, without any change in curve symmetry as compared to normals. Ascites had no apparent impact on MTT rate, and cirrhotics with most advanced disease (grade C Child-Pugh) had longer MTT through the cardiopulmonary circulation as compared to combined groups A & B (7.32 +/- 0.13 s vs 6.03 +/- 1.23 s; p less than 0.05). Our data provide further evidence for contraction of the cardiopulmonary vascular space in liver cirrhosis.

Blood Volume↗
PubMed1992

[Recurrent benign intrahepatic cholestasis syndrome].

Up to now about 100 cases of benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis have been reported. In this case we give a description of familial form of this disease, in which cholestasis was associated with inflammatory liver response. A brief review of this rare condition and differential diagnosis have been presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Fibrosing cholangiolitis after administration of methyltestosterone].

A case of intrahepatic cholestasis of great intensity was observed in a patient taking methyltestosterone. In histological examination of liver biopsy specimen evidence was found of fibrosing intralobular cholangiolitis. The histological findings and the clinical course are discussed considering the disease as an atypical liver reaction to methyltestosterone.

Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of smoking on caffeine elimination by the liver in patients with chronic liver diseases].

Effect of smoking cigarettes on hepatic metabolizing capacity of caffeine in respect to the extent of liver damage was studied among 46 patients with chronic liver disease and 6 healthy, nonsmoking subjects. The rates of hepatic elimination in cirrhosis (68 +/- 35 ml/min) and chronic extrahepatic cholestasis (60 +/- 32 ml/min) were lower in comparison to steatosis (132 +/- 38 ml/min), chronic active hepatitis (115 +/- 35 ml/min) and healthy control group (115 +/- 46 ml/min). Generally, the patients smoking cigarettes (n = 21) metabolized caffeine more rapidly than nonsmoking patients (107 +/- 42 ml/min vs 71 +/- 41 ml/min, p less than 0.01). In cirrhotics we observed the 9% difference of caffeine clearance between smokers and non-smokers, whereas in ++ groups of patients showing no significant impairment of caffeine elimination rate (steatosis, hepatitis) the tobacco induced the 33% change in caffeine clearance. Healthy nonsmoking subjects metabolized caffeine more rapidly than smoking cirrhotics (115 +/- 46 ml/min vs 71 +/- 26 ml/min, p less than 0.05). It may be concluded that smoking cigarettes increase hepatic elimination rate of caffeine in chronic liver disease, however the range of this effect depends upon the extent of liver damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of acute biliary pancreatitis on liver metabolism of phenazone].

In 22 patients with acute pancreatitis caused by biliary calculi and 9 healthy controls the rate of hepatic elimination of phenazone was measured. The aim of the study was evaluation of the oxidative-detoxicating action of the liver in this disease in relation to its severity. In pancreatitis patients the half-time (T2) of phenazone was significantly (p less than 0.01 longer than in healthy subjects (23.6 +/- 10.5 vs 13.2 +/- 7.2 hrs). The T2 of phenazone was not correlated with the concentrations of transaminases, bilirubin and prothrombin, but was correlated positively with the concentration of hepatic lactic dehydrogenase (p less than 0.001). In the initial stage of pancreatitis the T2 of phenazone was without prognostic significance and showed no agreement with Ranson's clinical-laboratory classification of the severity of the disease. The degree of impairment of the hepatic metabolism of phenazone measured with the percent difference between T2 of phenazone in both tests was significantly (p less than 0.05) greater in the group of patients with complications than in those without pancreatitis complications (70.7 +/- 64.4% vs 21.4 +/- 16.2%). Biliary pancreatitis impairs the oxidative-reductive function of the liver proportionally to the degree of hepatic lactic dehydrogenase in the serum. Evaluation of the rate of hepatic elimination of phenazone in the initial stage of this pancreatitis was without prognostic importance for the severity of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Vitamin B12 absorption in some selected pathological states of the gastrointestinal tract.

The absorption of vitamin B12 in selected pathological states of the gastrointestinal tract was studied. Schilling test was performed with 37 kBq (1 microCi) of 57Co-labelled vitamin B12 as an analysis of urinary radioactivity. No increase in cobalamin absorption was present after exogenous IF had been administrated to patients after resection of the upper part the stomach and total gastrectomy. This suggests that there is another factor likely to affect vitamin B12 absorption.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Giant hepatic hemangioma--diagnostic value of radioisotope investigations].

In an example of a 60-year-old female patients with a giant hepatic haemangioma the authors discuss the diagnostic possibilities of radioisotope angiography in the detection of this vascular pathology. In confrontation with ultrasonographic examinations, computerized tomography, laparoscopy and even coeliac angiography only later hepatic scintigraphy using labelled erythrocytes was of decisive diagnostic importance.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Chronomorphology of the duodenum in man.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible existence of rhythmicity of some morphological structures of the duodenum [correction of jejunum] in man. The height of intestinal villi was found to vary significantly during the 24 h time span, being higher during the day than during the night, when the proportion between small and medium size villi changed (p less than 0.05). The highest mitotic activity was found at 200 and at 600, and the lowest at 1000 and 1400 (p less than 0.01). Both height and width of microvilli did not change during the 24 h span, while thickness of the glycocalyx was slightly higher during the day when compared to the night. There were no significant circadian changes of Paneth cell granularity. We conclude that circadian rhythmicity of duodenum [correction of jejunum] morphology in man is less distinct than in animals, but that significant circadian changes in some parameters do exist.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Anti-fibrinogen antibodies in chronic diseases of the liver].

The authors investigated the presence of antifibrinogen antibodies (PFb) in the blood of patients with chronic liver diseases (n = 75) and in healthy persons (n = 24). PFb was determined by means of passive haemagglutination reaction of human group 0, Rh minus blood cells enveloped by fibrinogen cleared chromatographically. PFb were directed against fragments D of fibrinogen (immunoblotting method). In hepatocirrhosis PFb appeared in 52% of cases, in chronic hepatitis--in 40.6%, in simple fatty degeneration of the liver--in 33.3%, and in control group only in one person (4.2%). Average concentration of PFb increased as hepatic damage increased. No correlation was found between the presence of PFb and the concentration of fibrinogen and fibrinolytic activity of the plasma. PFb were found significantly more common and in higher concentrations in patients with positive test results of EGT, SDPS and SCT, which indicates to a connection between a latent syndrome of intravascular clotting and the presence of PFb in liver diseases. The results of the examination confirm a hypothesis about the importance of antigenic neodeterminants revealing as a result of proteolytic fibrinogen degradation (fragments D) in inducing PFb.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness of the evaluation of blood supply and mass of the liver for predicting the rate of pharmacokinetics of lidocaine, propranolol and phenazone].

A group of patients with hepatocirrhosis were studied for the speed of liver elimination of lidocaine iv (n = 11), propranolol per os (n = 8) and phenazone per os (n = 19); they were also studied for blood supply in liver by means of sequential hepatoscintigraphy. Ultrasonography was used to evaluate the portal system and collaterals of the collateral circulation, endoscopy was used to evaluate the size of oesophageal varices, lateral projection of scintigraphic picture made it possible to calculate the liver mass. The half-life of propranolol and lidocaine in the initial phase of elimination correlated with the degree of portal-arterial disorders in liver blood supply. Propranolol bioavailability correlated with the diameter of the portal vein and was dependent on the size of oesophageal varices and the presence of cavernous transformation of the portal vein. No correlation was found between hepatic clearance of phenazone and vascular pathology of cirrhotic liver, but positive correlation was found between clearance and liver mass. Morphological and functional examinations of the vascular system of the cirrhotic liver were of greater predicative value for the evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of drugs than clinical progression of hepatocirrhosis in the Child-Turcott classification.

Adult↗