Tonegawa defended.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Competitive Behavior↗
Biomedical subjects
M Hasan
Publications and source records attributed to M Hasan.
Aspirin-induced conformational changes in platelet membrane in subjects with stroke.
Objectives of this case-control study were (1) to examine membrane conformational changes and dynamics in platelets of patients with stroke prior to and following short-term aspirin administration and (2) to investigate changes in platelet membrane fluidity which may be associated with the ageing process. The study population consisted of 10 patients with ischaemic stroke (age range 61-92, mean 76 years; 6 females and 4 males), 9 age- and sex-matched controls (age range 64-88, mean 73 years; 5 females and 4 males), and 8 healthy young controls (age range 22-39, mean 32 years; 4 females and 4 males). The patients were recruited from the medical and geriatric wards, whereas both young and old controls were recruited from hospital staff and the local community. Aspirin, at a dose of 150 mg/day, was administered to all three groups for 7 days. The order parameter S, which is an index of membrane fluidity and conformation, was measured by the techniques of spin labelling and electron spin resonance spectroscopy on platelets from venous blood samples from patients prior to (within 48 h of admission) and following 7 days of aspirin therapy and from venous blood samples from both young and old controls before and after 7 days of oral aspirin therapy. There was an age-related decrease in platelet membrane fluidity. There was no significant difference in the value of 'S' between patients with ischaemic stroke and old controls. Treatment with aspirin led to a significant decrease in membrane fluidity in both patients and old controls, but had no apparent effect on the platelet membrane fluidity of younger controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Attapulgite in the treatment of acute diarrhoea: a double-blind placebo-controlled study.
A double-blind placebo-controlled study was carried out to assess the therapeutic effects of Attapulgite, a purified hydrated aluminium magnesium silicate, as an additional agent to oral rehydration solutions in 30 adults with mild-to-moderate acute diarrhoea where no bacterial or protozoal causes could be identified. The study subjects were give 600 mg tablets of Attapulgite or placebo in a random order and followed up for 72 hours. Attapulgite was observed to be significantly better than placebo in reducing the severity and duration of diarrhoea in terms of frequency of motion and consistency of stools (p < 0.01), severity of dehydration (p < 0.01) and in reducing the amount of ORS consumed (p < 0.05). Attapulgite was also well-tolerated. Attapulgite, therefore, merits attention as an additional safe agent besides ORS for the treatment of mild-to-moderate acute diarrhoea.
Acute Disease↗
Prevalence of intestinal helminthic infections in Kao District, north Halmahera, Indonesia.
A parasitological survey was conducted on the inhabitants of six villages of Kao District, Halmahera Island, North Maluku, Indonesia, in July 1993. A total of 422 fecal samples were examined by using Kato-Katz thick smear, modified Harada-Mori culture and formalin ether concentration techniques. Seven nematode species, ie Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, Strongyloides stercoralis, Enterobius vermicularis and unidentified rhabditoids of free-living nature, were detected. Trematode and cestode infection was not proven. Necator americanus was the predominant species of hookworm. Soil-transmitted nematode infections were highly prevalent. Among the young inhabitants aged less than 15, positive rates of Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm infections were 32.7, 52.7 and 68.6%, respectively. Among the people aged 15 or more, the positive rate for hookworm (85.9%) was much higher than that for Ascaris and Trichuris (13.5 and 40.5%, respectively). Egg count revealed that more than 90% of inhabitants with Trichuris or hookworm had light infections. The latrines in the surveyed area seemed to have only limited effects on the improvement of the parasitological status because the prevalence of Trichuris infections was much higher in a village where most houses were provided with latrines. These conflicting conditions were considered to have been caused by many factors including the inadequate structure of the latrines.
Adolescent↗
The comparative effects of propofol, thiopental, and diazepam, administered intravenously, on pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold in the rabbit.
The anticonvulsant effects of propofol, thiopental, and diazepam, administered intravenously, on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) seizure threshold were studied and compared in the rabbit. The PTZ seizure threshold determined in various rabbit groups during the control phase of conducted experiments, was found to be in the range of 10.1 +/- 2.0 to 13.5 +/- 3.7 mg/kg. Intravenous administration of comparable doses of propofol, thiopental, and diazepam resulted in marked and significant increases in PTZ seizure threshold. At all administered doses (1.25-10.0 mg/kg), propofol was found to be more effective than thiopental in increasing the PTZ threshold dose. However, the anticonvulsant effects of diazepam were more marked than those of propofol, except at a dose of 10 mg/kg where both agents exhibited equipotent activities. These data demonstrate that propofol enjoys a considerable degree of anticonvulsant activity in the rabbit. This anticonvulsant action is greater than that of thiopental at doses ranging from 2.5 to 10 mg/kg and equipotent with diazepam at the 10 mg/kg dose.
Animals↗
Purification of an indole alkaloid biosynthetic enzyme, strictosidine synthase, from a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli.
The gene for the indole alkaloid biosynthetic enzyme, strictosidine synthase, of Catharanthus roseus has been cloned into an inducible Escherichia coli expression vector using an expression cassette polymerase chain reaction technique. Induction of the gene resulted in overexpression of the enzyme which accumulated mainly as insoluble inclusion bodies. Denaturation and refolding of the insoluble protein resulted in the ability to purify up to 6 mg of active enzyme from a single liter of cell culture. The recombinant enzyme has good activity (approximately 30 nkat/mg).
Alkaloids↗
Nitrogen dioxide induced changes in level of free fatty acids, triglyceride, esterified fatty acid, ganglioside and lipase activity in the guinea pig brain.
The biochemical response to controlled inhalation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was studied in 18 male guinea pigs. Animals were exposed to 2.5, 5.0, and 10 ppm NO2 for 2h daily for 35 consecutive days, and the results compared with six control animals exposed to filtered air for 2h daily for same period. Five biochemical parameters, including triglyceride, free fatty acids, esterified fatty acid, ganglioside and lipase activity were measured immediately after the last day of exposure. At 2.5 ppm NO2 inhalation no significant changes occurred in any region of the central nervous system (CNS). While as the dose concentration was increased to 5 and 10 ppm nitrogen dioxide, significant dose-related alteration were observed in the levels of triglyceride, free fatty acid, esterified fatty acid, ganglioside and lipase activity in the different regions of the guinea pig CNS.
Administration, Inhalation↗
Factors influencing development of bulbar deformity in duodenal ulcer disease.
Sixty subjects were carefully interrogated and repeatedly endoscoped with a view to studying the effect of sucralfate on healing and recurrence of duodenal ulcer disease. Degree of bulbar deformity was noted during each endoscopy. During the trial it appeared that deformity progressed more rapidly in late onset subjects (onset at or above 30 years of age). In eight subjects deformity became gross over a period of three years. Seven of them belonged to the late onset subgroup. Two subject had large ulcers and both belonged to the late onset subgroup, one had rapidly progressive disease. Out of six subjects with multiple ulcers four belonged to the late onset subgroup, two of the later had rapidly progressive disease.
Adult↗
Acetylhomocysteine thiolactone protection against phosphamidon-induced alteration of regional superoxide dismutase activity in the central nervous system and its correlation with altered lipid peroxidation.
Phosphamidon intoxication (2 mg/kg body wt./day for 7 days) inhibited SOD activity, but enhanced the lipid peroxidation in various CNS regions. Administration of cithiolone (8 mg/kg body wt./day, ip for 7 days), however, elevated SOD activity and depleted lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, no significant change was observed either in SOD activity or in lipid peroxidation following simultaneous administration of phosphamidon and cithiolone.
Animals↗
Endoscopic sclerotherapy in the treatment of esophageal varices--Bangladesh experience.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Leucasin, a triterpene saponin from Leucas nutans.
A new saponin, leucasin, has been isolated from Leucas nutans and characterized on the basis of chemical investigation and spectroscopic studies as 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1----2)beta-D-glucopyranosyl]2 alpha, 3 beta-dihydroxylup-20(29)-ene. Lupeol palmitate, sitosterol and stigmasterol were also isolated.
Carbohydrate Sequence↗
A comparison of the anticonvulsant effects of propofol and thiopentone against pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions in the rat.
1. The anticonvulsant effects of subanaesthetic doses of propofol and thiopentone against PTZ-induced seizures and mortality were examined in the rat. 2. Administration of propofol (50 mg/kg, i.p.) 5 min prior to PTZ treatment increased the 2 h CD50 and the 24 h LD50 of PTZ by 3.4-fold, whereas thiopentone pretreatment (20 mg/kg, i.p.) increased these values by more than five-fold. 3. Both propofol and thiopentone prolonged the latency to the onset of clonic seizure but the effects of the former were more marked. 4. The data demonstrate that propofol was more effective than thiopentone in providing complete protection against PTZ-induced seizures for the first 30-40 min of observation and that thiopentone, because of its sustained effects, was more effective in reducing the cumulative incidence of seizures and mortality over 2 and 24 h, respectively. 5. We conclude that propofol is a very effective anticonvulsant and provides complete protection of short duration against PTZ-induced seizures in the rat.
Animals↗
Effect of nitrogen dioxide on sulfhydryl groups in the central nervous system of guinea pigs.
Two groups of male guinea pigs were exposed to 5 and 10 p.p.m. nitrogen dioxide, 2 hr daily for 35 consecutive days, respectively. The third group, exposed to clean room air, was used as control. Total, free and protein bound sulfhydryl groups were estimated in the cerebral hemisphere cerebellum, midbrain and spinal cord. Significant decrement in total and protein bound sulfhydryl groups and increment in free sulfhydryl groups have been observed. Interestingly, dose-related statistically significant alterations in various CNS regions have been detected.
Animals↗
Age-related elevation of lipid peroxidation products: diminution of superoxide dismutase activity in the central nervous system of rats.
Alteration in lipid peroxidation products such as lipid peroxides, lipid hydroperoxides were studied in different regions of CNS of ageing rats (13, 26, 52, 78 and 104 weeks). The levels of lipid peroxide and lipid hydroperoxide were increased in various regions of brain and spinal cord. However, the activity of superoxide dismutase was decreased in cerebrum, hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, brain stem and spinal cord. The present communication demonstrates that the different parts of CNS at 13 and 26 weeks of age have lipid peroxidation products different from that of 104-week-old rats.
Aging↗
Phosphamidon neurotoxicity: protection by acetylhomocysteine thiolactone.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the neurotoxic effects of the organophosphate, phosphamidon, on glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and concentration of sulphhydryl groups, and to study the possible protection against these effects by the simultaneous administration of the antioxidant, acetylhomocysteine thiolactone, commonly known as citiolone. Significant depletion was observed in the GST activity as well as in the level of total and non-protein bound sulphhydryl groups in various CNS regions of phosphamidon-intoxicated rats. When citiolone was administered alone, there was a remarkable elevation in GST activity. However, significant protection against GST inhibition was observed when phosphamidon and citiolone were administered simultaneously.
Animals↗
Central auditory toxicity of sisomicin in guineapigs.
The central auditory toxicity of sisomicin was studied in guineapigs administered sisomicin (135 mg/kg body weight) sc for 10 days. Total lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol were estimated in the pons, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body and auditory cortex. While the total lipids were increased in a non-preferential manner in all the regions studied, phospholipids and cholesterol levels registered no change. This study suggests the possible central auditory toxicity following sisomicin administration.
Animals↗
Prevalence of epilepsy in children (a population survey report).
A population based epidemiologic study carried out in a lower socioeconomic suburb of Karachi, identified 23 children with epilepsy among 994 children (3-9 year old) surveyed for childhood disabilities. Nineteen had major epilepsy, 2 petitmal and one each had focal motor and myoclonic attacks. The high frequency of epilepsy may be due to consanguinity, central nervous system, infections and birth and accidental trauma.
Child↗
Duodenal ulcer dyspepsia in the first degree relatives of subjects with duodenal ulcer disease.
In a population survey, the point prevalence of duodenal ulcer disease (DUD) was found to be 11.98 percent which is the highest prevalence rate so far reported in the literature. The prevalence of duodenal ulcer dyspepsia in the first degree relatives of groups of subjects with proven duodenal ulcer, non ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) (duodenal ulcer dyspepsia but without evidence of ulcer at endoscopy) and normal healthy control (HC), all matched by age and sex and all from the population with the high prevalence of duodenal ulcer disease, were studied. Both DUD and NUD subjects had a significantly higher family history of duodenal ulcer dyspepsia than the control subjects.
Adult↗