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Biomedical subjects

M Haug

Publications and source records attributed to M Haug.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The impact of forced residential relocation on the health of the elderly hotel dweller.

This paper reports on a prospective study designed to assess the impact of involuntary relocation from one community setting to another on the self-perceived physical, functional, and emotional health status of older persons living in urban residential hotels. The research design was quasiexperimental and took advantage of a naturally occurring urban renewal project. Older persons (n = 38) living in five hotels marked for demolition and a randomly selected comparison group (n = 32) living in similar and contiguous hotels were interviewed 3 to 6 months prerelocation and again 3 to 6 months postrelocation. In general, there were few adverse changes in health associated with relocation as it was implemented with this population.

Attitude↗
PubMed1984

Effects of the diet on the composition of human milk.

In a crossover study with 3 nursing mothers it was shown that the concentration and composition of human milk lipids and the concentration of lactose, but not that of protein, quickly respond to changes in the mother's diet. Triglycerides were high with low-fat/high-carbohydrate diets as compared to high-fat/low-carbohydrate diets. Lactose was affected reversibly. The intake of linoleic-acid-rich fats resulted in milk lipids with a respective high linoleic acid content. Milk cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations correlated positively with the respective triglyceride concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Capillary gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters from human milk lipid subclasses.

The fatty acid (FA) composition of the human milk lipid subclasses sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and cholesterol esters (CE) were analysed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) on wall-coated open-tubular glass columns. Compared with GC on packed columns, capillary GC was found to be ten times more sensitive (0.1 microgram of each individual FA methyl ester could be quantified), and the time needed for the analysis could be reduced by a factor of five. The reproducibility of the analysis was good relative standard deviation (4-7%) and comparable to that obtained by packed column GC.

Cholesterol Esters↗
PubMed1983

The effects of differential housing, castration and steroidal hormone replacement on attacks directed by resident mice towards lactating intruders.

Group-housed castrated (but not intact) males show high incidences of attack on lactating (but not non-lactating) female intruders. In Experiment 1, responses by isolated and group (in 3's)-housed intact and castrated males to lactating intruders were studied. The latter males were given sham, testosterone (T) or estradiol (E2) implants before testing. Castration augmented attack by animals in both housing conditions, confirming that intra-group fighting could not account for androgen-related changes in fighting behaviour in group-housed animals. Both T and E2 implants suppressed attack in animals in both housing conditions. Consequently, Experiment 2 evaluated the influence of three dose levels of T, E2 and DHT (dihydrotestosterone), in attack by castrated group-housed male residents on lactating intruders. Treatment of castrated males with T or E2 (but not DHT) inhibited attack in these animals. These findings provide support for the idea that aromatization is also a prerequisite for the inhibitory action of T on male aggression towards lactating females.

Aggression↗
PubMed1983

Changing patterns of human milk lipids in the course of the lactation and during the day.

Lipids were analyzed in 308 human milk samples, obtained during the first 5 wk of lactation from 17 mothers delivering at term. The mean triglyceride content increased mainly during the 1st postpartum wk and remained constant thereafter. In contrast, the cholesterol concentration decreased, whereas the phospholipids remained rather constant, resulting in a decrease of both the phospholipid/triglyceride and the cholesterol/triglyceride ratio. Circadian variations of the parameters analyzed were not uniform and differed in milks obtained from German mothers as compared to milks obtained from English mothers. The fatty acid composition was determined in the total lipids and in the phospholipid fraction as well. Changes were found in progressing lactation, but not during the day. Some data are discussed with regard to their possible physiological or physiochemical relevance.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1983

[Dehydroepiandrosterone inhibits aggressive behavior in castrated male mice].

Group-housed triads of castrated male Mice attack lactating female intruders. We had previously observed that testosterone or oestradiol inhibited this aggressive behavior. The Mouse brain contains relatively large mounts of dehydroepiandrosterone (D), therefore we have investigated the behavioral effect of this steroid. D was inactive in intact males, whereas it markedly inhibited the attack directed by castrated males, when delivered by an osmotic minipump at the dose of 83 micrograms/day. D was also given by daily injections for 15 days in oil solution, the dose of 80 micrograms/day decreased attacks of castrated males below the level of intact controls, the dose of 40 micrograms was partly active, whereas the dose of 20 micrograms was inactive.

Aggression↗
PubMed1983

[Problems and limitations in reconstructing peripheral artery injuries].

UNLABELLED: Between September 1975 and November 1982 we performed the repair on 75 injured peripheral arteries. In 57% a full restitution could be achieved, in 13% the extremity was saved with a resting functional deficit, in 20% an amputation was required, 10% had a lethal outcome. - Causes of failure are: 1) prolonged ischemia, 2) insufficient primary repair, 3) associated peripheral vascular lesions, 4) local and general revascularisation syndrome. - CONCLUSIONS: 1. Operative management of peripheral arterial injuries should start without delay. 2. Any emergency procedure should be definitive, 3. Arterial catheterism should not be done (for arteriography or dilatation) in cases, where the peripheral vasculature is obliterated, 4. In case of a revascularisation-syndrome an immediate amputation may avoid the fatal outcome.

Arteries↗
PubMed1982

Variation in the composition of breast milk during the first 5 weeks of lactation: implications for the feeding of preterm infants.

Milk samples were collected from 10 mothers by a standardised technique with complete expression of both breasts at each feed for 24 hours. Samples were obtained at 8 intervals during the first 36 days of lactation. Analyses were performed for trichloroacetic acid-precipitable protein, total protein, lactose, triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol, energy, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, pH, and osmolality. The results give a comprehensive picture of the development of milk composition from transitional to mature milk. The most striking feature of the results was the high degree of variation observed both between samples from the same mother and between samples from different mothers on the same day of lactation.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Effect of reciprocal cross-fostering on aggression of female mice toward lactating strangers.

Reciprocal cross-fostering of mice was carried out between an inbred strain (C57 BL/6) in which the female showed a particular form of aggression toward lactating female intruders, and a strain (C3H/He) which proved to lack totally this type of attack. In adulthood, cross-fostered females of the 2 strains and their controls were submitted to a series of aggression tests. They encountered in the test situation either a strange lactating female of their own strain of the foster strain. No differences in aggression measures were found between cross-fostered animals and controls, indicating that experimental factors (viz., cross-fostering) were without effect.

Aggression↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the involvement of GABA in the aggression directed by groups of intact or gonadectomized male and female mice towards lactating intruders.

The aims of the present studies were (a) to determine the effects of pharmacological elevation of GABA by treatment with DPA (competitive inhibitor of GABA transaminase) on a form of aggression displayed by grouped female mice towards lactating and non-lactating intruders; (b) to estimate GABA levels in six different brain areas of intact and gonadectomized male and female mice. The results revealed that DPA treatment considerably reduced this form of aggression. Increased GABA levels, modulated by the hormonal state of the animals, were observed in most brain areas studied.

Aggression↗
PubMed1979

Doctor patient relationships and the older patient.

The authority of physicians in patient encounters is posited by the sicrole and the professional-client models in sociology. Yet, public challenges to physician authority are currently occurring, as shown by self care movements, and by some empirical data. Whether the elderly share in such challenges is, however, an unresolved question. Will longer experience with health services produce skepticism about medicine's claims, or conversely will the aged's probable more authoritarina upbringing and concern about failing health produce acceptance of physician authority? Data from an interview survey of 640 randomly sampled persons in a midwestern state, reveal that the 153 respondents aged 60 and over are more likely to accept physician authority, both in terms of attitudes and behaviors, than are the younger groups. Moreover, the findings show that the level of older persons' challenging attitudes is affected by their health knowledge and general views on authority, while their challenging behaviors are influenced by belief in right to medical information and an experience factor. Implications of the findings for appropriate modes of doctor-patient relationships for the elderly are discussed.

Adult↗