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Biomedical subjects

M Henriksson

Publications and source records attributed to M Henriksson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Religiosity and suicide: findings from a nationwide psychological autopsy study.

Using data from a nationwide psychological autopsy study of all suicides in Finland occurring over a 1-year period, the authors investigated religiosity and its types among suicide victims. Overt active religiosity was identified in 245 (18%) of the victims. A history of psychiatric inpatient treatment and psychotic and depressive disorders diagnosed in psychiatric care were more common among the religious victims than among the nonreligious. The burden of major mental disorders seems to have been heavier among religious than nonreligious victims. The type of religiosity of victims was qualitatively characterized into four categories: (1) help-seeking from a religious congregation, (2) conflict with a religious congregation, (3) private religiosity, and (4) abandoned religiosity. Further research needs to address the psychological contents and psychiatric implications of different types of religiosity among suicidal individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Four novel mutations in the ferrochelatase gene among erythropoietic protoporphyria patients.

A novel mutation was identified by direct sequencing of genomic polymerase chain reaction products in each of four Finnish erythropoietic protoporphyria families. All four mutations, including two deletions (751delGAGAA and the first de novo mutation, 1122delT) and two point mutations (286C-->T and 343C-->T), resulted in a dramatically decreased steady-state level of the allelic transcript, since none of the mutations could be demonstrated by direct sequencing of the amplified cDNAs synthesized from total RNA extracted from patients' lymphoblast cell lines. Because the assays of the ferrochelatase activity and erythrocyte protoporphyrin identify asymptomatic patients poorly, the DNA-based demonstration of a mutation is the only reliable way to screen individuals for the disease-associated mutation.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Mental disorders and comorbidity in attempted suicide.

The present study examined the prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders according to DSM-III-R among male and female suicide attempters. A systematic sample of 114 patients from consecutive cases of attempted suicide referred to a general hospital in Helsinki between 1 January and 31 July 1990 was interviewed. In 98% of the cases at least one Axis I diagnosis was made. Depressive syndromes were more common among females (85%) than males (64%), and alcohol dependence was more common among males (64%) than females (21%). A high proportion of suicide attempters (82%) suffered from comorbid mental disorders. Comorbidity appears to play an important role in parasuicide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Depression after surgery for acoustic neuroma.

The purpose of this study was to establish the frequency and pattern of depressive disorders after surgery for acoustic neuroma, and to look for associations. Twenty seven patients with acoustic neuroma underwent thorough psychiatric assessment before surgery and at three and 12 months after surgery. Three patients had a depressive disorder in the preoperative assessment. Of the remaining 24 patients, nine (38%) had a depressive disorder at the three month check up. Deterioration of hearing was the only postoperative detriment associated with a depressive disorder (P = 0·024). All nine patients with a depressive disorder were women (P = 0·001), giving them a 69% incidence. None of the patients without preoperative depression required inpatient treatment for depressive disorder, but three patients out of nine still had a depressive disorder 12 months after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Catatonia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Differential effects by Mad and Max on transformation by cellular and viral oncoproteins.

c-Myc is an essential component of the regulatory mechanisms controlling cell growth. Max is the obligatory partner of c-Myc for all its biological functions analysed to date. Recently two Max interacting proteins, Mad and Mxi1, have been identified. It has been suggested that these two proteins modulate c-Myc function, in the simplest model by competing with c-Myc for the interaction with Max. We have analysed different aspects of Mad function in comparison to Max. Native Mad/Max heterodimers bound specifically to a c-Myc/Max consensus DNA binding site. Furthermore Mad inhibited efficiently c-Myc, mutant p53, adenovirus E1a, or human papilloma virus type 16 transformation of rat embryo cells in cooperation with activated Ha-Ras. Myc transformed clones showed an increased cell cycle time and a reduced immortalization frequency after cotransfection with either mad or max. In contrast to Mad, Max did not inhibit E1a/Ha-Ras cotransformation but repressed c-Myc/Ha-Ras transformation efficiently. Mad delta N, an N-terminal deletion mutant of Mad, was as efficient in repressing c-Myc/Ha-Ras cotransformation as full length Mad but showed little inhibitory activity when assayed on E1a/Ha-Ras. Unlike wt Mad, Mad delta N had little effect on cell growth. Our data suggest that Mad affects cell growth at least in part by a c-Myc independent mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Recent life events and completed suicide in bipolar affective disorder. A comparison with major depressive suicides.

While recent psychosocial stress has been shown to be associated with the initiation of both first and subsequent illness episodes in bipolar affective disorder, its relationship to completed suicide in bipolar disorder is not known. As a part of a nationwide psychological autopsy study, two populations representing all suicides in Finland in DSM-III-R bipolar disorder or unipolar major depression were comprehensively examined and compared. Recent life events were retrospectively examined by interviewing next of kin using a 32-item Recent Life Change Questionnaire. Life event data was available on 25 bipolar and 56 unipolar cases. In about two-thirds of both bipolar (64%) and unipolar (66%) victims, at least one life event was reported to have occurred during the last 3 months and in 42% of both groups during the final week. The events of bipolar victims were more commonly classified as possibly dependent on their own behaviour (bipolars 88% vs. unipolars 63%, P = 0.004). Among bipolars, more males than females had had recent life events (males 86% vs. females 37%, P = 0.03). The majority of completed suicides in both bipolar and unipolar affective disorders seem to be associated with recent psychosocial stress; however, the stressors are commonly likely to be dependent on the victim's behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The amino-terminal phosphorylation sites of C-MYC are frequently mutated in Burkitt's lymphoma lines but not in mouse plasmacytomas and rat immunocytomas.

We sequenced the region encoding the amino-terminal phosphorylation sites of C-MYC in the Ig/MYC translocation-carrying Burkitt lymphomas (BL), mouse plasmacytomas (MPC) and rat immunocytomas (RIC). Mutations affecting the Thr-58 codon or the immediate flanking region were found in seven of the 10 in vitro propagated BL lines. No mutations were found in any of the eight BL biopsies analysed. Germ-line sequences were also found in six in vivo and five in vitro passaged MPCs and in four in vivo transplanted RICs. These findings indicate that mutations in this region do not represent a general phenomena in Ig/MYC translocation-carrying tumours, but may confer growth advantage on BL cells under continuous in vitro propagation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Project plan for studies on suicide, attempted suicide, and suicide prevention.

Completed and attempted suicide are major public health problems in most western countries. The importance of suicidal behavior as a health problem, particularly among adolescents and young adults, has been emphasized by the European Union, the WHO (Europe), as well as the Finnish authorities. Due to the exceptionally high suicide mortality, suicide prevention has been one of the main targets of Finnish health policy since the late 1980s. However, to develop feasible strategies for suicide prevention, better knowledge of the phenomenon of self-destruction is necessary. The Department of Mental Health of the National Public Health Institute has been actively involved in suicide research and the development of suicide strategies both in Finland and western Europe since 1986. The success is based on a long tradition of suicide research in Finland, the representative and reliable suicide data, a highly motivated research group, and also the necessary economic support by both the National Public Health Institute and the Finnish Academy. This article outlines our groups research plan for the next few years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Fear of AIDS and suicide in Finland: a review.

This review presents data on HIV epidemiology and suicide mortality, and summarizes studies on fear of AIDS in completed suicides in Finland. Finland has a low prevalence of HIV and a high suicide mortality. A 12-month nationwide suicide population, 1987-88 (n = 1397, all HIV negative) at the time of a sensational media campaign against HIV included 28 (2%) cases with fear of AIDS as a contributing factor. Triggers of fear could be classified in 20 cases: persistent symptoms in 10, casual sex contacts in eight, and a TV programme in two. The AIDS fear cases were younger, had more major depression and more health care contacts than the others. Suicidal fear and underlying depression were not being properly identified and treated. Despite recent improvement in media reporting, health education and identification of depression, clinical experience, help line calls and population surveys indicate that AIDS fear still persists in the population, but seems to be less often a contributing factor in committed suicides.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Suicide in psychotic major depression.

A sample of unipolar DSM-III-R major depressive suicide victims representing all suicides in current unipolar major depression within 1 year in Finland was carefully examined by psychological autopsy. The sample was divided into currently psychotic (n = 24) or non-psychotic (n = 46) subgroups, the psychotic subgroup was described and the two subgroups were compared. The majority (79%) of psychotic as well as nonpsychotic (87%) major depressive suicide victims were found to be complicated, comorbid cases. No major differences between the psychotic and nonpsychotic subgroups were found in sociodemographic features, comorbidity, clinical history or communication of suicide intent. However, the psychotic victims were more likely to have used violent suicide methods (88% vs. 59%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Regulation of transcription factors c-Myc, Max, and c-Myb by casein kinase II.

A number of transcription factors have been shown to be phosphorylated by casein kinase II (CKII). We have identified CKII phosphorylation sites in c-Myc, Max, and c-Myb which are phosphorylated in the cell. Whereas little evidence to any functional significance of the CKII sites in c-Myc has been obtained, phosphorylation of its heterodimeric partner Max alters DNA binding properties. CKII phosphorylation of Ser-2 and -11 in Max resulted in enhanced DNA binding kinetics of both Max/Max homo- and Myc/Max heterodimers without altering steady state binding. Replacing these serine by alanine residues and comparing the wild type with the mutant Max proteins in transactivation assays did not reveal any significant differences. For c-Myb mutational analysis of the CKII phosphorylation sites showed altered steady state DNA binding. Replacing Ser-11/12 by alanine residues resulted in increased DNA binding compared to wt c-Myb or Myb Asp-11/12 as demonstrated by up to 10-fold differences in the dissociation constants. In transactivation assays, the Ala mutant showed consistently an increased activity both on a synthetic and on the mim-1 promoter. A potential CKII phosphorylation site in c-Fos was not phosphorylated in vitro. Analysis with peptides demonstrated that a proline residue at position +1 relative to the acceptor serine was inhibitory.

Amino Acid Sequence↗