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Biomedical subjects

M Hongo

Publications and source records attributed to M Hongo.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Left ventricular systolic and diastolic time intervals in familial amyloid polyneuropathy.

To determine left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic properties in patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP), we analyzed simultaneous recordings of the electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram, carotid arterial pulse, and apex cardiogram in 14 patients and 21 normal subjects. LV systolic and diastolic time intervals were measured. Correlations between the intervals and neurologic disabilities, duration of illness, and age were examined. We found that in patients with FAP, 1) LV relaxation was impaired, especially in early diastole, whereas systolic function was generally preserved, 2) abnormal LV relaxation could be seen before the development of both clinically identifiable heart disease and the abnormalities in systolic function, 3) indexes of LV systolic function and relaxation decreased in parallel with the progress of the disease, duration of illness, and age, and 4) electromechanical delay was markedly increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Percutaneous recording of gastric electrical activity (electrogastrography): its technique and analysis].

In 1922, Alvarez made some electrical recordings from cutaneous electrodes, but the method has not been widely adopted. It has been caused by the technical difficulties in recording, and in extracting consistent information from the recording. Therefore in an effort to improve the ability to routinely obtain a recording of the gastric electrical activity, using cutaneous electrodes (electrogastrography, EGG), we have investigated different electrodes placement and bipolar recording techniques. We studied 10 healthy asymptomatic volunteers. Frequency and power product have been used to help interpret the potential change. We found significant frequency component at approximately 3 cycle/min. Recordings from the upper part of epigastrium were better than those from the lower part of epigastrium. This suggests that these recordings are taken from electrical activity of the stomach. We found the good placement of cutaneous electrodes and good recording techniques.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

[Hemodynamic significance of diffuse lung uptake of 201Tl in heart diseases].

Clinical significance of diffuse lung uptake of 201Tl was studied in 244 cases of various heart diseases. The grade of lung uptake of 201Tl was assessed by total lung uptake ratio (L/T), maximal lung uptake ratio (Max/T), lung to myocardium or mediastinum counts ratio (M/H or M/Med) and visual grade. L/T, Max/T, M/H and M/Med were directly correlated with pulmonary arterial pressure (PCW), and inversely correlated with cardiac output (CO) and cardiac index (CI). Among them, L/T was the best index to assess PCW, that was correlated with PCW (r = 0.65), CO (r = -0.53) and CI (r = -0.45). The visual grade of 201Tl lung uptake was correlated with L/T, and the increased lung uptake was associated with a higher PCW and a lower CO as well as a lower CI. Diffuse increased lung uptake of 201Tl was observed in 29 of 41 cases (70.7%) with myocardial infarction, 25 of 29 cases (86.2%) with mitral valvular diseases and 9 of 10 cases (90.0%) with combined valvular diseases, in addition, in most cases with left heart failure and cases of NYHA 3 and 4, but that was not rarely observed in cases of NYHA 2 and without left heart failure. In heart diseases, 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy seems to be valuable for detection of left heart failure including pulmonary congestion and interstitial pulmonary edema. Total lung uptake ratio (L/T) may be useful for estimation of PCW, and the visual grade of 201Tl lung uptake may be applicable as routine index for grading of lung uptake of 201Tl.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of 99mTc-albumin distribution ratio in the cardiac chambers and lungs].

In order to assess blood volume of the cardiac chambers and lungs, distribution ratio of 99mTc-albumin (HSA) was obtained from radionuclide angiocardiogram and non-gated or gated equilibrium cardiac pool scintigram, using a scintillation camera coupled to a minicomputer. The radio-activity of 99mTc of the entire cardiac blood pool including the large vessels (T), the right ventricle including the right atrium (RV) and the left ventricle (LV) was calculated from the 30 degrees anterior oblique cardiac pool scintigram. That of the both lungs (Lu) was calculated from the anterior cardiac pool scintigram. The radioactivity of total injected dose of HSA (H) was estimated from the initial transit of the tracer obtained by the radionuclide angiocardiogram. Then, distribution ratio of HSA of the each region of interest was expressed as RV/H, LV/H, T/H and Lu/H. RV/H, LV/H and T/H were 3.4 +/- 0.6%, 3.1 +/- 0.5% and 10.4 +/- 2.0% in controls, 6.0 +/- 0.8%, 2.6 +/- 0.8% and 14.2 +/- 2.4% in cor pulmonale, and 7.9 +/- 1.7%, 7.7 +/- 3.5% and 20.7 +/- 4.3% in heart diseases with left heart failure, respectively. Lu/H was 4.9 +/- 1.4% in controls, 4.4 +/- 1.1% in cor pulmonale and 6.6 +/- 1.9% in heart diseases without left heart failure. LV/H was correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic volume by contrast ventriculography. LV/H and RV/H were related with functional classification of NYHA. In conclusion, these parameters may be utilized as indices of the volume of blood pool of the heart chambers and lungs, and this method seems to be clinically applicable for the evaluation of pathophysiology in heart diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A tetrapolar circuit method using magnetic field for biological resistivity measurement].

A local impedance and its change were measured using a tetrapolar circuit combined with magnetic eddy current generator. By this method, current distribution can be restricted to a desired part, so as to eliminate errors due to uncertainty of the resistance between the electrode and the skin. The resistivity of a substance in a biological model measured by this method was nearly equal to that of the substance separated from the model. Sensitivity and localization were assessed in the other model composed of a piece of metal plate in a saline pool. The detection sensitivity was validated theoretically. The localization of the impedance pulsatile waveforms, measured at the proximal part of the forearm, was consistent with that of the arteries at this part. These results suggest that this method using eddy current should expand the application area of bio-impedance measurements.

Electric Conductivity↗
PubMed1988

[Studies on the muscarine receptors in rat gastric smooth muscle].

It has been reported that the two types of muscarinic receptors, "M1" and "M2", exist in the opossum lower esophageal sphincter. The presence of these muscarinic receptor subtypes had been confirmed with the discovery of the M1 selective antagonist, pirenzepine. But little is known about muscarinic receptor subtypes in gastric smooth muscle. The aim of this study was to identify the muscarinic receptor subtypes on the gastric smooth muscle responsible for the contraction of rat gastric muscle strip. Also, we examined the mechanism of the action of aclatonium napadisilate on rat gastric smooth muscle in vitro. The stimulation of M2 receptor caused the contraction of the gastric smooth muscle. McN-A-343, selective M1 agonist, caused weak contraction of the gastric smooth muscle, and this response was not affected by the selective M1 antagonist, pirenzepine. Aclatonium napadisilate stimulated M2 receptor and caused the gastric smooth muscle contraction. We conclude that the contraction of the gastric smooth muscle is caused by the stimulation of the M2 receptor and this reaction was not affected by tetrodotoxin, suggesting the M2 receptor is located directly on the gastric smooth muscle. The weak contraction of the gastric smooth muscle caused by McN-A-343 was not affected by the selective M1 antagonist, pirenzepine, suggesting that McN-A-343 may not be a pure M1 selective agonist. The action of aclatonium napadisilate is supposed to stimulate the M2 receptor.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of cisapride on delayed gastric emptying in diabetic patients].

Delayed gastric emptying is supposed to affect glycemic control in diabetic patients by relative over dosing of insulin to blood glucose level due to delayed absorption of nutrients. Therefore, treatment of delayed gastric emptying is important in diabetic patients. Cisapride, a potent gastrokinetic agents, has been reported to activate the motility from stomach to colon. We evaluated the effect of acute oral administration of cisapride in seven diabetic patients (aged 46-62) with delayed gastric emptying. All patients complicated with autonomic neuropathy. Ten mg of cisapride was administered orally 30 minutes before breakfast and lunch on the day of study. Gastric emptying study was done using 99mTc-tin colloid labeled omelet meal served with 2 slices of toast and 200 ml of milk. With cisapride, the retention rate at time of 150 minutes decreased from 76 +/- 10% to 47 +/- 13% (mean +/- SD) (p less than 0.001) and starting index shortened from 86 +/- 28 minutes to 38 +/- 27 minutes (p less than 0.05). Gastric emptying speed became faster from 0.31 +/- 0.16%/min to 0.43 +/- 0.12%/min (0.2 greater than p greater than 0.1). Blood glucose level before meal decreased from 117 +/- 27 mg/dl (mean +/- SE) to 74 +/- 7 mg/dl (n.s.), and difference between basal and maximal blood glucose level became larger from 46 +/- 27 mg/dl to 84 +/- 30 mg/dl (n.s.). We conclude that acute oral administration of cisapride has significant effect in improving delayed emptying of solid meal in diabetic patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

[The effect of cisapride on intestinal transit].

Cisapride is known to accelerate gastrointestinal motility in various diseases with gastrointestinal motor abnormalities, and in normal subjects. In this study, we developed a new method to evaluate intestinal transit by radio-opaque markers, and evaluated the effect of oral doses of cisapride on intestinal transit in 6 normal subjects. Twenty markers were ingested with breakfast, and abdominal X-ray pictures were taken at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours later, markers on the films were scored according to estimated their location. Geometric mean of the markers and half-dose transit-time (HT) at selected points of the colon were calculated. Cisapride 7.5 mg, 15 mg per day or placebo, were given in random order, in double blind fashion. Cisapride accelerated intestinal transit at every point calculated. HT at anus was shortened to 23.3 +/- 10.2 hours (mean +/- SD) (p less than 0.05) with cisapride 15 mg/day from 42.3 +/- 16.9 hours with placebo. Geometric means at 24-hour were 3.7 +/- 1.4 with placebo, 5.3 +/- 0.9 (p less than 0.05) with cisapride 7.5 mg/day, and 5.1 +/- 1.5 with cisapride 15 mg/day. No serious side effects were noted. Our new method to evaluate intestinal transit using radio-opaque markers is easy to perform, and is able to quantify the state of transit. Cisapride accelerated intestinal transit without diarrhea. This effect of cisapride on intestinal transit may be useful in patients with constipation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

[Transfer of cefuzonam into female genital organs].

Cefuzonam (CZON) was given intravenously at a 1 gram dose to 24 patients prior to abdominal total hysterectomy for uterine myoma. Concentrations of CZON in the serum of cubital vein, uterine artery, and in tissues of uterus and adnexa uteri were measured by the bioassay method. Bilateral uterine arteries were clamped at 15 and 30 minutes and 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after the administrations of the drug. Measurements were done on 4 patients at each sampling. Concentrations of CZON in the serum of cubital vein and uterine artery changed in a similar manner with respective half-lives of 52.0 minutes and 48.2 minutes. Peak concentrations in oviduct, ovary, endometrium, myometrium, cervix uteri and portio vaginalis were reached at 15 minutes after drug administration. The peak concentration in the ovary was as high as 37.5 micrograms/g, and those in other tissues varied between 17.6 and 25.5 micrograms/g. Tissue concentrations decreased gradually after their peaks in similar manners to those in serum, and their half-lives ranged between 37.4 and 53.7 minutes. From these results, it was found that CZON was transferred to female genital organs in high enough concentrations to inhibit growth of bacteria which were often isolated from the pelvic inflammatory diseases, and CZON seemed to be highly effective to clinical pelvic inflammatory diseases.

Adnexa Uteri↗