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M Horácková

Publications and source records attributed to M Horácková.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Effect of LASIK refractive procedures on visual functions in patients with myopia].

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on visual functions: visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) and to evaluate functional complaints. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective study includes results of VA and CS preoperatively and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the surgery in patients with middle and high myopia. 105 eyes of 53 patients (37 females, 16 males) were divided according to spherical equivalent into 2 groups: group A (more than -5D, 51 eyes) and group B (less than -5D, 54 eyes). Mean patients' age was 28,2 years. Visual acuity was measured on log MAR charts. Contrast sensitivity at spatial frequency of 3, 6, 12 and 18 c/deg was tested using CSV 1000 Contrast sensitivity Unit. Influence of glare on CS was determined by BAT (Brightness Acuity Tester). Functional complaints were evaluated using a wide-ranging questionnaire focusing on 4 main topics. RESULTS: Visual acuity preoperatively in both groups was significantly decreased in comparison to controls. A considerable decrease can be detected at 1 month postoperatively but later (1 year after the surgery) it reaches the values of 1.02. Postoperatively, a significant decrease of CS can also be detected, above all at intermediate spatial frequencies. During postoperative period, values of CS slowly increase in both groups. However, only in group B (with less than -5D), the preoperative values have been reached. Further, glare has decreased CS at spatial frequency of 6 c/deg, i.e. the most sensitive spatial frequency for human eye. The satisfaction with final outcome has reached 91%. However, some patients (14%) reported reduced vision under dim illumination and at night and also difficulty with night time driving. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that both used methods (VA and CS) are very sensitive to evaluation of visual functions after refractive surgery. Changes of contrast sensitivity can reveal even slightly changed optic factors of cornea that can cause subjective complaints of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Obesity and progression of chronic renal insufficiency: a Czech long term prospective double-blind randomised multicentre study].

Obesity represents one of serious risk factors in chronic renal failure patients (CRF). In three years prospective double-blind randomised multicentre study we monitored 66 patients with advanced chronic renal insufficiency, GFR 24.4-37.3 ml/min (0.41 to 0.62 ml/s) and BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 on long term low-protein diet (0.6 P/kg BW/day) and ACEI + ARB. Thirty four randomly selected patients (group I) were treated with keto amino acids, 32 patients in control group (group II) with placebo. During the study period significant decrease of BMI, proteinuria and slowing in progression of renal failure (C(in)) were found. Significant changes were also noted in parameters of albumin and transferrin (p < 0.02), leucin and WQ (p < 0.01 - p < 0.02), glycaemia and HbA1c (p < 0.02), triglycerides (p < 0.01), leptin and ObRe (p < 0.01) and selected parameters of endothelial dysfunction (ET1, p < 0.02, TGFbeta1, p < 0.02). Significantly also decreased PTH value (p < 0.01). Successful treatment of obesity can significantly improve long term prognosis in CRF patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[New incision versus corneal flap uncover: comparison of two techniques of repeated surgery after primary LASIK in myopia].

An advantage of the LASIK method is the possibility of repeated surgery in case of residual refractive error after the primary surgery. In the second surgery two techniques are used: the technique of the new incision (secondary LASIK) and the technique of corneal flap uncover. The authors evaluate the results of the residual refractive errors using both techniques of reoperaration. The cohort constituted of 74 reoperated eyes of 61 patients. The average age was 29.3 +/- 7.83 years (18 to 48 years) with the average follow-up period of 6.7 +/- 4.7 months (3 to 12 months). The reoperation was performed with the primary refractive error (before the first surgery) less than -3.0 dioptres (D) in 3 eyes, -3.25 to -6.0 D in 24 eyes, and higher than -6 D in 47 eyes of the cohort. Technique of the new incision was chosen in 21 eyes (28.4%) of the cohort (1st group) and corneal flap uncover in 53 eyes (71.6%) (2nd group). The residual refractive error before the reoperation was -1.3 D +/- 0.94 (standard deviation--SD) combined with -1.17 +/- 0.86 (SD) cylindrical dioptres (Dcyl) in the 1st group, and -1.12 D +/- 1.27 (SD) combined with -0.83 Dcyl +/- 0.64 (SD) in the 2nd one. The primary LASIK surgery, as well as reoperation was in all cases performed by argon-fluoride laser, class IV (Keracor 117 Chiron Technolas). The authors evaluated the final postoperative refractive error, reduction of its spherical and cylindrical component, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) the rate of complications during the surgery, and postoperatively as well. The final postoperative refractive error was in the 1st group -0.35 D +/- 0.40 (SD) and -0.56 Dcyl +/- 0.67 (SD), and in the 2nd group -0.17 D +/- 0.36 (SD) and -0.28 Dcyl +/- 0.45 (SD). Reduction of the residual postoperative refractive error after primary LASIK surgery in the spherical part of the error in the new incision technique group was 73.1% (P = 0.01), and in the corneal flap uncover technique 84.8% (P = 0.01). The cylindrical part lowered in the 1st group by 52.1% (P = 0.05), and in the 2nd group by 66% (P = 0.01). Improvement of the uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was noticed in the 1st group in 18 eyes (85.7%), and in the 2nd group in 47 eyes (88.7%). The best corrected visual acuity remained in most of the cases unchanged--in the group of the new incision technique in 16 eyes of the cohort, and in the corneal flap uncover technique in 36 eyes (67.9%). Complications during the surgery and after that were noticed in the 1st group in 4 eyes (19%), and in the 2nd group in 12 eyes of the cohort (22.6%). No statistically significant difference in the reduction of the residual refraction error after primary LASIK and complications rate between both mentioned techniques of re-operation were noticed. Both methods may be considered effective and safe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Effect of refraction procedures (LASIK) on various ocular functions (initial results)].

PURPOSE: to determine effect of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on visual functions: visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective study includes results of VA and CS preoperatively and 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively in patients with middle and high myopia. 36 eyes of 18 patients (3 men and 15 women) were divided according to spherical equivalent into 2 groups: group A (> -5.0 D, 18 eyes) and group B (< -5.0 D, 18 eyes). Mean patient's age was 27 years (range 19-46 years). Visual acuity was measured on logMAR charts, contrast sensitivity at 3, 6, 12 and 18 c/deg was tested using CSV 1000 Contrast sensitivity unit. In both groups, results of preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were compared to uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) after surgery. RESULTS: Visual acuity preoperatively was significantly decreased in comparison to controls in both groups, considerable decrease can be detected at 1 month postoperatively and it returns to preoperative values during 6 months after surgery. Postoperatively, a significant decrease of CS can be detected, above all at intermediate spatial frequencies. During first 6 months, values of CS slowly increase in both groups. However, only in group B (< -5D) the preoperative values have been reached. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that both used methods are very sensitive for evaluation of visual functions after refractive surgery. Changes of contrast sensitivity reveal even slightly changed optic factors of cornea that can cause subjective complaints of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Comparison of clinical results between LASIK method and ICL implantation in high myopia].

In a retrospective study the authors evaluate clinical results of the LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis) and the implantation of the implantable posterior chamber contact lens phakic IOL (ICL) (STAAR Surgical) to correct high myopia. The purpose of the study was to assess which of those two methods is more reliable in patients to correct myopia in the range -10.0 to -23.0 diopters. The LASIK method was presented of a group of 70 eyes of 48 patients with preoperative spherical equivalent average of -12.9 +/- 3.8 diopters (Dsf) and average astigmatism of -0.99 +/- 1.2 cylindrical diopters (Dcyl). The group was divided into two parts: one part was with the desired postoperative emmetropia--46 eyes (65.7%), and part two was with the desired postoperative residual myopia up to -3.0 Dsf--24 eyes (34.3%). The method of ICL implantation was presented of a group of 36 eyes of 21 patients with preoperative spherical equivalent average of -15.21 +/- 4.0 Dsf and average astigmatism of -0.92 +/- 0.69 Dcyl. Also this group was divided into two parts: One part was with the desired postoperative emmetropia--25 eyes (69.4%), and part two was with the desired postoperative residual myopia up to -3.0 Dsf--11 eyes (30.6%). The developments of postoperative refraction in time (1 week to 3 years after the surgery), the final postoperative refraction and its stability and (6 months to 3 years after the surgery) as well as the occurrence of complications in both studied groups were evaluated. In the assessment of the postoperative refraction development in groups of desired emmetropia, the average uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), average postoperative spherical equivalent and astigmatism were evaluated. In the groups with desired residual myopia the average best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), average postoperative spherical equivalent, and astigmatism were followed. Three years after the surgery in groups with desired emmetropia, the average postoperative spherical equivalent was -0.99 Dsf and reduction of myopia by 92.0% in the LASIK method, and -0.52 Dsf and reduction of myopia by 96.1% in ICL implantation respectively. In cases of desired residual myopia those final values were -1.74 Dsf with reduction of myopia by 86% for LASIK, and -1.58 Dsf with reduction myopia by 90.7% for ICL implantation. Final postoperative BCVA (given in lines of Snellen optotypes) was in 1.7% (1 eye) loss of 2 lines, in 17.1% (12 eyes) 1 line loss, in 55.7% (39 eyes) without change, in 22.9% (16 eyes) improvement by one line. In ICL implantation, the BCVA was unchanged in 25% (9 eyes), in 72.3% (26 eyes) improved by 1 line, and in 1 eye improved by 2 lines. In the group with LASIK method, in 17.1% (12 eyes) a reoperation followed, and in the group with ICL implantation, in 2.7% (1 eye) the other operation followed (ICL explantation). From the results emerged that for high myopia over -10 Dsf is the ICL implantation more appropriate because of its faster postoperative visual rehabilitation, more stabile and better final postoperative refraction and lower complications ratio.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Correlation of 99mTc-dTPA renal scintigraphy with ACE inhibitor and ultrasound findings in screening for renal artery stenosis].

BACKGROUND: ACE inhibitor renal scintigraphy is widely accepted as a useful test in screening of unilateral renal artery stenosis. Another screening examination is ultrasonography, which detects haemodynamic changes with evaluation of resistive index (RI). The aim of the present study was correlation of 99mTc-DTPA captopril renography and duplex ultrasound findings in diagnosis of renal artery stenosis before angiography, that is used as "gold standard". Angiography was performed in 35 patients and their findings were correlated with scintigraphy and ultrasonography. METHODS AND RESULTS: 93 patients (49 male and 44 female) aged 27 to 84 years were examined. Ultrasonography was performed in all patients with evaluation of RI. Estimation of scintigraphy was performed in accordance with interpretative criteria of 99mTc-DTPA captopril renography, which were established at the 9th Symposium of radionuclides in nefro-urology (Santa Fé 1995) and Guideline for diagnosis of renovascular hypertension (1998). 1) Agreement positive and negative findings on scintigraphy and ultrasonography were in 61/93 patients (66%). 2) Within the group of 35 patients with angiography, the correlation between scintigraphy and ultrasonography findings was found in 27 patients (77%). 3) When scintigraphy and angiography were correlated, the correctly diagnosed renal artery stenosis was found in 27 patients with sensitivity (77%). 4) When sonography and angiography were correlated, the correctly sonographicaly diagnosed renal artery stenosis was found in 26 patients with sensitivity (74%). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of our results and according to our experience with both examinations we can conclude, that screening of unilateral renal artery stenosis with using these nonivasive methods can help to select better the indicated patients for angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Implantation of the Starr Surgical intraocular posterior chamber lenses for phakic eyes in medium and higher levels of myopia and hyperopia].

Implantation of an Intraocular Posterior-chamber Lens for a Phacik Eye from STAAR Surgical Co. in Medium and Higher Grades of Myopia and Hyperopia Implantation of an intraocular Collamer lens for a phacic eye produced by STAAR Surgical (ICL) co. is a modern method of correction of medium and high-grade refractive defects--myopia and hyperopia. The authors evaluate the results of implantation of ICL Staar Surgical in 20 eyes of 13 patients (1 man and 12 women). Their mean age was 31.36 +/- 9.21 years and the follow-up period 1-54 months (mean 28.8 months +/- 12.42). The group was divided into two sub-groups--hyperopia (8 eyes) and myopia (12 eyes). The mean value of refraction before surgery was 28 D +/- 2.03 and +0.25 Dcyl manifest (in cycloplegia +7.6 +/- 2.28 D) (from 3.75 D to 10.0 D) in the group of hyperopia and -14.25 D +/- 5.68 and -1.81 Dcyl (from -5.5 D to -25.0 D) in the myopic group. The required postoperative refraction was in 17 eyes emmetropia and in 3 eyes residual myopia up to -3.0 D with regard to incipient presbyopia. The authors evaluate the resultant best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the resultant postoperative refraction, the incidence of postoperative complications and changed density of endothelial cells in the centre of the cornea in the course of time. In the group of hyperopia improvement of the BCVA as compared with the preoperative value occurred by one line in two eyes (25%), in 5 eyes (62.5%) BCVA remained unchanged. In one instance deterioration by one line occurred due to a diminution of endothelial cells in the centre of the cornea after surgery. In the group of myopia in 7 eyes (58.3%) improvement by 1 line occurred, in 2 eyes (16.7%) by 2 lines and in 3 cases (25%) BCVA remained unchanged. The mean value of postoperative refraction in the myopic group in required emmetropia (9 eyes) was -0.77 +/- 1.62 D and in required residual myopia (3 eyes) -1.5 +/- 1.32 D. The mean value of postoperative refraction in the group of hyperopia was +0.57 +/- 0.5 D for far sight and +1.28 +/- 0.58 D for near sight. The most frequent early postoperative complications included keratitis striata in 5, epithelopathy in 3 and residues of viscoelastic material behind the ICL in 3 eyes. As to late postoperative complications, in 2 eyes a change in endothelial cell density was involved, in 12 eyes the syndrome of pigment dispersal and in one eye late decentration of ICL occurred with subsequent anterior subcapsular cataract. The change in density of endothelial cells was most markedly expressed 3 months after surgery in the hyperopic group. The advantage of ICL implantation is rapid postoperative visual rehabilitation, reversibility of the operation, preserved accommodation and satisfactory stability of the postoperative refraction.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Phototherapeutic keratectomy in the treatment of superficial corneal diseases].

In the retrospective study the authors evaluate clinical results of phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) that is one of the alternative methods used in treatment of some of the superficial corneal diseases. The authors present the group of 89 eyes of 63 patients with diagnose: dry spot corneae in 69 eyes (77.5%), recurrent corneal erosion in 13 eyes (14.5%), corneal dystrophy in 2 eyes (1.8%), recurrent herpes simplex keratitis in 3 eyes (2.7%), recurrent pterygium in 2 eyes (1.8%), atopic keratoconjunctivitis with mucous plaque in 1 eye (0.9%). The average age was 45.2 years (14-84 years) and average follow-up period was 29 months (3-52 months). The operation was done with the use of device Keracor 117 (ArF excimer laser) in topical anaesthesia, with the average zone of ablation 4.1 mm and average depth of ablation 24 mu in one go. In ten cases was the operation carried out repeatedly. We evaluated the postoperative complications, postoperative changes of refraction and final the best corrected visual acuity. For low percentage of postoperative complications, decrease or disappearance of subjective difficulties and improvement of visual acuity with minimal stress for the patient we can recommend PTK as save and efficient method in treatment of corneal diseases mentioned above.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical and economic significance of iron replacement in anemia treated with recombinant human erythropoietin in patients on hemodialysis].

BACKGROUND: Anaemia is a common phenomenon encountered in patients on hemodialysis. Although treatment with rHuEPO therapy is effective, it may fail even at high doses. As rHuEPO efficacy depends on the bioavailability of iron, we monitored the effect of consistent iron supplementation on hematocrit levels and rHuEPO dosage. METHODS AND RESULTS: 24 patients of our outpatient dialysis centre were included in this study. The mean age was 59 years. The age group over 60 included 14 patients. The mean duration of dialysis treatment was 23.8 months. The patients were followed for 6 months according to the NKF-DOQI (National Kidney Foundation Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative) recommendations for the treatment of anaemia. Following values were examined monthly: hematocrit, transferin saturation (TSAT) and ferritin. Iron and rHuEPO dosage was adjusted accordingly. Genetic tests for haemochromatosis were conducted in 4 patients with the highest value of TSAT and ferritin. TSAT increased from a mean of 15.9% to 35.9% (p < 0.001). In 23 patients (96%) TSAT levels were within the recommended range after the treatment. Hematocrit increased from 27.7% to 35.7% (p < 0.001). The recommended value of 33% was achieved in 18 patients (75%). The weekly dose of eHuEPO fell from 3958 IU (International Unit) to 2042 IU (p < 0.001), i.e. 1857 IU of rHuEPO were saved per week, per patient. The average dose of iron administered was 157 mg per week. The average level of ferritin rose from 457 micrograms/k to 1387 micrograms/l (p < 0.001). All results were comparable, even in the group of the senior's selected cases. Genetic testing for haemochromatosis showed mutation H63D in heterozygous state of HFE gene in 2 of 4 patients with the highest value of TSAT and ferritin. Sufficient iron supplementation leads to a significant rise in hematocrit and a concomitant decrease of required rHuEPO doses. TSAT, and not ferritin, is a good marker of iron bioavailability. CONDITIONS: The financial savings due to decreased rHuEPO requirements are 20 times higher than the costs related to iron supplementation, calculated in relation to prices valid for the Czech Republic in 1999. Cause and effect of increased level of ferritin should be carefully studied.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Central salt-wasting diuresis syndrome as a cause of hyponatremia in patients at the internal medicine department].

Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder related to central nervous system diseases and is often attributed to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and on the other hand to the cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS). This syndrome is characterized by hyponatremia due to excessive renal sodium excretion resulting from a centrally mediated process. Given the divergent nature of the treatment it is of paramount importance for a clinician to be able to recognize and differentiate between these two entities. Thus the monitoring of renal function tests, which are needed for earlier diagnosis of effective osmolality disorders, is important to do in intensive care units, which are caring for patients with central nervous system lesons. Two patients successfully treated for CSW due to ischemic stroke caused by arterial embolism from heart cavities are described.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Pharmacologic insult as a cause of acute kidney failure with a need for acute hemodialysis therapy].

Acute renal failure is a heterogeneous disease. In advanced countries the incidence of acute renal failure is rising steadily in the elderly population. One of the serious causes of renal failure in this age group are pharmacological preparations and iodine radiocontrast diagnostic substances. It was revealed that also commonly used drugs may have a nephrotoxic potency in subjects with pre-existing renal disease and/or in certain clinical risk situations. In a group of 133 acutely haermodialyzed patients at the medical department we made a detailed clinical and economic analysis of treatment in a group of patients haemodialyzed on account of acute drug induced renal failure. These patients accounted for 28% of all acutely haemodialyzed patients and 65% of them were older than 65 years. The drugs which were involved as the cause or partial cause of renal failure had a negative effect on intrarenal haemodynamics. They comprised in the first place inhibitors of the angiotensin converting enzyme and non-steroid antirheumatic drugs, frequently in combination with diuretics or an iodine contrast substance. A risk factor was preexisting nephropathy defined by the presence of renal perfusion depending on increased formation of angiotensin II and renal vasodialatating prostaglandins. Risk is ascribed also to pathological conditions associated with systemic hypotension and a reduced effective circulating volume. Costs of treatment per patient with drug induced renal failure were calculated as 127,000 Czech crowns. The sum was calculated as the cost of the diagnosis related group.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2001

Effects of low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids and erythropoietin in chronic renal failure: a long-term metabolic study.

Ketoacids (KA) and recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) may each, on their own, influence the metabolic status of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). A long-term prospective randomized study was designed to monitor the metabolic and nutritional status and progression of CRF using three therapeutic protocols: (A) low-protein diet (LPD) with 0.6 g of protein and 35 kcal/kg/day, with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) at a dose of 40 U kg/week and keto acids (KA) 100 mg/kg/day, (Group I), (B) LPD and rHuEPO (Group II), and (C) LPD only (Group III). A total of 105 patients (50M/55F), aged 26-78 years, CCr 22-36 ml/min, were monitored at the beginning, and at every 6 months for 3 years in the above three study groups. Group I comprised 35 patients, Group II 38 patients and Group III 32 patients. During follow-up, a significantly smaller decrease in GFR (CCr, Cin) and in I/SCr, and an increase in serum albumin, transferrin, leucine, body mass, index and HDL-cholesterol were found in Group I (all p < 0.01). In addition, significant decreases were also seen in proteinuria, renal fractional leucine excretion and serum triglycerides level (p < 0.01). Co-administration of LPD, rHuEPO and KA thus constitutes an effective alternative to conservative management of CRF, delaying in follow-up period progression of renal failure and correction of metabolic parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Effect of a keto acid-amino acid supplement on the metabolism and renal elimination of branched-chain amino acids in patients with chronic renal insufficiency on a low protein diet.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of a low-protein diet supplemented with keto acids-amino acids on renal function and urinary excretion of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). In a prospective investigation 28 patients with CRI (16 male, 12 female, aged 28-66 yrs, CCr 18.6 +/- 10.2 ml/min) on a low-protein diet (0.6 g of protein /kg BW/day and energy intake 140 kJ/kg BW/day) for a period of one month were included. Subsequently, this low protein diet was supplemented with keto acids-amino acids at a dose of 0.1 g/kg BW/day orally for a period of 3 months. Examinations performed at baseline and at the end of the follow-up period revealed significant increase in the serum levels of BCAA leucine (p < 0.02), isoleucine (p < 0.03), and valine (p < 0.02) while their renal fractional excretion declined (p < 0.02, p < 0.01 resp.). Keto acid-amino acid administration had no effect on renal function and on the clearance of inulin, para-aminohippuric acid. Endogenous creatinine and urea clearance remained unaltered. A significant correlation between fractional excretion of sodium and leucine (p < 0.05) and a hyperbolic relationship between inulin clearance and fractional excretion of BCAA (p < 0.01) were seen. Moreover, a significant decrease in proteinuria (p < 0.02), plasma urea concentration and renal urea excretion and a rise in albumin level (p < 0.03) were noted. We conclude that in patients with CRI on a low protein diet the supplementation of keto acids-amino acids does not affect renal hemodynamics, but is associated--despite increases in plasma concentrations--with a reduction of renal amino acid and protein excretion suggesting induction of alterations in the tubular transport mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Treatment of postoperative astigmatism after perforating keratoplasty using the LASIK method].

The problem of postoperative astigmatism after perforating keratoplasty is complicated. Several possible methods of correction exist. The time and approach to correction of astigmatism after perforating keratoplasty is important. The authors present an account on a group of 10 eyes treated by the LASIK method on an apparatus Keracor 117. In four instances hyperopia with astigmatism was involved and in six eyes myopia with astigmatism, the mean age of the patients being 46.25 years. The mean values of the preoperative spherical hyperopic componenent was +1.37 D and of the myopic spherical component -2.12 D. The preoperative hyperopic astigmatism was +4.5 D and the myopic astigmatism -5.84 D. The follow up period was 9.5 months (1-25 months). The authors evaluate the postoperative natural vision, the resulting postoperative refraction, the incidence of complications and changes of endothelial cells before and after surgery. The resulting mean postoperative hyperopic astigmatism was +0.5 D and the myopic astigmatism -2.4 D. The reduction of values of hyperopic astigmatism was 88.9% and of myopic astigmatism 58.9%, the reduction of the spherical hyperopic component was 100% and of the myopic component 75%. On account of the stabilization of the postoperative refraction, low incidence of peroperative and postoperative complications and the insignificant decrease of endothelial cells the LASIK method is evaluated as effective.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1996

Incidence of analgesic nephropathy among patients undergoing renal replacement therapy in Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. The Group of Czech and Slovak Nephrologists.

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of analgesic nephropathy (AN) among renal replacement therapy patients in former Czechoslovakia is not known. Previous surveys were not based on representative samples and lacked uniform criteria for diagnosing the disease. METHODS: Incidence of AN in former Czechoslovakia was investigated in patients commencing renal replacement therapy in 24 (1/3 of all) dialysis centres from 1 January to 31 December 1992. Patients showing an unclear renal diagnosis (n = 149) were investigated with an interview and renal imaging techniques. The diagnosis of AN was withheld or rejected on the base of recently published diagnostic criteria demonstrating that a decreased renal mass of both kidneys combined with bumpy contours and/or papillary calcifications had a high performance for diagnosing AN (Nephrol Dial Transplant 1992; 7: 479-486). RESULTS: Based on the renal imaging criteria, AN was diagnosed in 30 of 328 registered patients, resulting in an AN incidence of 9.1% while the EDTA data only mentioned an incidence of 4.8% (period 1986-1989). The products most commonly abused were analgesic mixtures containing two analgesic substances combined with caffeine and/or codeine. CONCLUSIONS: AN was found to be a common disease in the Czech and Slovak Republics. The disease was diagnosed using reliable renal imaging criteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Less common causes of chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis complicated by acquired Fanconi syndrome].

The authors describe an uncommon form of the disease in a 25-year-old man who developed renal failure on the background of tubulointerstitial nephritis combined with acquired Fanconi syndrome. The authors analyze in detail the results of the laboratory examination and present differential diagnostic reflections which lead, after elimination of other possibilities, to the final diagnosis of immunity-mediated, viral antigen-conditioned tubulointerstitial nephritis.

Adult↗