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Biomedical subjects

M Houdek

Publications and source records attributed to M Houdek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Neurosarcoidosis. Role of new examination methods for early diagnosis and therapy].

BACKGROUND: Affection of the nervous system is one of the most serious forms of sarcoidosis. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the prevalence and manifestations of this disease, contemporary opportunities of its diagnosis and the importance of early adequate therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: Neurosarcoidosis was diagnosed in seven patients (4 men and 3 women) from a total number of 211 patients with sarcoidosis in 1977 to 1993. The mean age of the patients with neurosarcoidosis was 47 years. In six patients affection of the nervous system was the first clinical manifestation of the disease. In four patients it was paresis of the facial nerve, in two instances diabetes insipidus, in two instances affection of the spinal cord with subsequent spastic triparesis or paraparesis of the lower extremities, in one instance the disease was manifested by neuralgia of the trigeminal nerve. The serious character of the disease is apparent from the fact that only in two instances complete regression of symptoms occurred. In three patients regression was partial, in one instance the affection persisted without changes and in one instance it progressed to metabolic breakdown with a fatal outcome. In the differential diagnosis examination of the nervous system by computed tomography, magnetic resonance and possibly perimyelography proved to be helpful. In all instances there was a typical finding in cerebrospinal fluid. Lymphomonocytic pleocytosis was present, a raised protein content, elevated gammaglobulin levels. The diagnosis was assisted by radiograms of the chest and biopsy. The latter was made from intrathoracic or subcutaneous nodes, in one instance from muscle. As auxiliary methods the following were used: tuberculin test, bronchoalveolar lavage, pulmonary gallium scintigraphy, serum level of angiotensin converting enzyme and immunological examination. CONCLUSIONS: The authors emphasize the necessity of early diagnosis and intensive initial treatment with corticoids or antimalaria drugs, which may prevent the development of irreversible changes. Magnetic resonance appears to be the most promising examination method in neurosarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos)].

In a surgical specimen from a 33-year old woman with features of expansive cerebellar symptomatology, dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum (Lhermitte-Duclos) was diagnosed by histology. The lesion was characterized by typical proliferation of dysplastic neuronal elements in the cortical granular and Purkinje cell layers. Immunohistology showed focal positivity of synaptophysin in some cells, thus confirming their neuronal origin. In electron microscopy, peculiar features of ER in some of dysplastic cells was also noted. Genetic examination proved familiar incidence of Cowden's disease in several members. Chromosomal examination of the patient (karyotype 46, XX) was without abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme].

The authors evaluate therapeutic results in 31 patients with the diagnosis of multiform glioblastoma. The comprehensive therapeutic procedure used as a rule which involves surgery, radiotherapy and in some instances also chemotherapy still gives very unsatisfactory results. The mean survival period of patients after surgery was 26.7 weeks and the mortality of patients within one month was 22.6%. Even radical surgery does not produce more favourable therapeutic results. Contemporary trends of preclinical and clinical research are focused in particular on different immunotherapeutic methods.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Application of Corynebacterium parvum lysate into the brain of rats--morphological study.

The authors investigated the influence of application of the Corynebacterium parvum lysate (CPL) into the brain of rats with aim to define the resulting morphological changes. Variable amount of the CPL (0.1, 0.35, 0.7 mg) was injected under stereotactic control into frontal lobe of the left cerebral hemisphere. Morphological changes were studied after intervals of 3, 7, 14, and 30 days respectively. CPL lead to inflammatory and reparative changes in direct relations to the administered dosage. The most pronounced reaction was observed on days 3 and 7. Morphological changes were still visible on day 14. There were no valid difference between the application of efficient CPL and the control physiological saline solution (PSS) after thirty days. The authors suggested that CPL is likely to be safe also in human malignant brain tumor therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Local application of antibiotics in treatment of cerebral abscess.

The authors evaluate 61 patients treated for cerebral abscess. These patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group consisted of 42 patients who had the cavity left after the removal of the abscess irrigated with an antibiotic during the surgery. The other group of 19 patients were treated without this antibiotics. Only 2 patients of the first group (i.e. 4.7%) died as against the 6 deaths (i.e. 31.5%) in the other group. This result indicates the beneficial effect local administration of antibiotics has in treating cerebral abscess. This observation should however be checked on a larger series of patients.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1992

[Subdural empyema. Present possibilities of diagnosis and therapy].

The authors give an account of their experience with the diagnosis and treatment of subdural empyema. In 1953-1991 in the neurosurgical department in Olomouc a total of five patients with this diagnosis were treated. None of them died. In all patients before operation symptoms of meningeal irritation, fever and in four patients a focal neurological symptomatology was observed. The authors reached the conclusion that the best surgical approach is craniotomy or craniectomy which should be preferred to minor surgical operations. Treatment of the primary inflammatory focus leading to the development of subdural empyema must be part of the intracranial operation. Regular postoperative follow-up of the patient by means of CT makes it possible to detect in time relapses and leads to early surgical operation. The authors mention experience focused on possible errors in the CT diagnosis. The creation of the picture of subdural collection precedes oedema of the hemisphere with a shift of the structures in the median line. The subdural collection occurs in the subsequent stage of development of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Subdural empyema--clinical experiences.

The authors present the experiences from their clinic with diagnostic and treating of subdural empyema. In the years 1953-1991 altogether 5 patients were treated with this diagnosis in the Clinic of Neurosurgery in Olomouc. Nobody of the patient died. There was possible to observe in all these patients before operation symptoms of meningeal irritation, febrilities and in 4 patients the neurologic focal symptomatology. The authors arrive to the conclusion, that the most convenient operation approach is craniotomy, which must be preferred to smaller surgical approaches. One part of the intracranial operation must be sanation of the primary inflammation leading to arising of subdural empyema. The regular postoperation control of the patient by means of computed tomography renders possible the timely detection of relapse and leads to timely surgical intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Computer tomography in functional stereotactic neurosurgery].

The authors describe their own modification of visualization and construction of coordinates of a stereotactic object for functional stereotaxis controlled by computed tomography (CT). This method was applied so far in four functional stereotactic operations (twice for parkinsonian tremor, once for retrocollis and once for epilepsy). In three patients where coagulation of the surgical objective was made, on the 4th or 5th day after operation there was a check-up CT examination and the size and character of the lesion was evaluated. Based on their own experience and reports in the literature, the authors emphasize the advantages of CT as compared with formerly used ventriculography in the control of functional stereotactic operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Conservative treatment of cerebral abscess.

Available literature and the author's own experience are summed up concerning conservative therapy of brain abscesses. Absolute necessity of CT checking in the course of this kind of treatment is stressed.

Brain Abscess↗
PubMed1990

Intracerebroventricular application of morphine in the treatment of intractable malignant pain.

The authors' own experience with the application of morphine into the lateral cerebral ventricles of patients with intractable pain of tumorous origin is reported. The Salmon-Rickham reservoir implanted under the skin with a ventricular catheter inserted into the right lateral ventricle of the brain, allows easy and repeated application of small doses of the opiate (opioid) analgesic. This approach brings the pain relieving effect that make this method beneficial to patients suffering from chronic malignant pain in the preterminal stages of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials in surgical management of trigeminal neuralgia.

Both examination of trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials and testing trigeminal nerve involvements associated with various neurological diseases make it possible to objectively measure the sensitivity and correlation of clinical symptomatology with the electrophysiological parameters. This procedure is described as applied to patients with essential trigeminal neuralgia and the effect of retrogasserian thermocoagulation upon the studied parameters is analyzed.

Electrocoagulation↗
PubMed1990

Our experience with cerebral abscess management.

A review of the authors' 35 years experience with treating patients suffering from a cerebral abscess. A series of 58 patients is presented, 8 of which (13.79%) have died. Stress is laid primarily upon early diagnosis and timely surgery. Current reports dealing with the studied problem are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Administration of morphine into the cerebral ventricles in chronic intractable pain].

The study evaluated the effect of intraventricular morphine administration on chronic pain associated with malignant diseases in five subjects. To facilitate repeated application of the analgesic a reservoir was fixed subcutaneously on the calvaria with the catheter tip place in the lateral ventricle. The described approach made it possible to reduce substantially the dosage and to protract the action of morphine, as compared with intramuscular administration. No serious complications developed when the described mode of application was used. Because of the technically unpretentious procedure, the simple administration into the reservoir and the significant analgetic effect this method can be used in patients with malignant pain even in advanced stages of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Percutaneous microcompression of gasserian ganglion.

The author's preliminary experience with the surgical technique and results of percutaneous microcompression of the gasserian ganglion in treating trigeminal neuralgia is reported. Indications for the single percutaneous methods - radiofrequency thermocoagulation, glycerol rhizotomy and microcompression of the gasserian ganglion are considered.

Humans↗